| 单词 | 无政府主义 |
| 释义 | 〔Fo〕Italian playwright noted for his socially topical, satirical works, includingAccidental Death of an Anarchist (1970) and Trumpets and Raspberries (1981). He won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1997. 达利欧，弗：意大利剧作家，因其以社会为话题的讽刺性著作而出名，包括《无政府主义者的意外死亡》 (1970年) 和 《小号与红莓》 (1981年)。1997年获得诺贝尔文学奖 〔Carnot〕French politician who served as president (1887-1894) of the Third Republic and was assassinated by an anarchist.卡诺，（玛丽·弗朗索瓦）萨迪：(1837-1894) 法国政治家，曾任法兰西第三共和国总统（1887-1894年），被一无政府主义者暗杀〔nihilism〕The belief that destruction of existing political or social institutions is necessary for future improvement.无政府主义：认为对现存政治或社会组织的破坏是有利于未来改进的一种信念〔nihilism〕Also Nihilism A diffuse, revolutionary movement of mid 19th-century Russia that scorned authority and tradition and believed in reason, materialism, and radical change in society and government through terrorism and assassination. 也作 Nihilism 无政府主义运动：发生在19世纪中期俄国的一次革命活动，藐视政权和传统观念，主张理性、物质主义以及通过恐怖手段和暗杀使及社会和政府发生激进性变化〔anarchic〕Of, like, or supporting anarchy:无政府的：无政府的，近似无政府的或支持无政府主义的：〔Bakunin〕Russian anarchist and political theorist who was imprisoned and later exiled to Siberia for his revolutionary activities. He escaped to London (1861), where he opposed Karl Marx. Bakunin's theories of anarchy are considered the antithesis of Marx's communism.巴枯宁，米克海尔·亚力山德罗维奇：(1814-1876) 俄国无政府主义者和政治理论家，因其革命活动曾被关进监狱，后来被流放到西伯利亚。他于1861年逃亡伦敦，在那里他反对卡尔·马克思。巴枯宁的无政府主义理论被认为是马克思共产主义政府的对立〔Vanzetti〕Italian-born American anarchist who with Nicola Sacco was convicted of a double murder and sentenced to death (1921). Despite the circumstantial nature of the evidence against them and worldwide protest at the political overtones of the proceedings, the two were executed in 1927.万泽蒂，巴托洛米奥：(1888-1927) 意大利裔的美国无政府主义者，他和尼克勒萨克被证明犯有双重谋杀罪并于1921年被判处死刑。尽管不利于他们的证据具有偶然性，并且全球普遍抗议对此事的诉讼程序实行政治性暗示，这两人仍于1927年被处决〔McKinley〕The 25th President of the United States (1897-1901). His presidency was marked by the Spanish-American War (1898), the annexation of Cuba and the Philippines, an open-door policy with China, and the passage of the Gold Standard Act (1900). He was assassinated by an anarchist in Buffalo, New York.麦金利，威廉：(1843-1901) 美国第25届总统(1897-1901年）。他在职期间的事迹有，发动西班牙-美国战争(1898年），吞并古巴和菲律宾；对华提出门户开放政策；通过金本位法案(1900年）。他在纽约州的布法罗被无政府主义者刺杀〔anarchism〕The theory or doctrine that all forms of government are oppressive and undesirable and should be abolished.无政府主义：一种理论或主义，认为所有形式的政府都是暴虐的、不受欢迎的，应当被废除〔anarchist〕An advocate or a participant in anarchism.无政府主义者：无政府主义的鼓吹或参与者〔anarchic〕anarchic oratory.无政府主义演说〔Tucker〕American anarchist whose own writings and translations of Proudhon and Bakunin influenced American radical thought before World War I.塔克，本杰明·里克松：(1854-1939) 美国无政府主义者，他翻译的普鲁东和巴库宁的作品及自己的作品在一战前影响了美国的激进思潮〔Sacco〕Italian-born American anarchist who with Bartolomeo Vanzetti was convicted of a double murder and sentenced to death (1921). Despite the circumstantial nature of the evidence against them and worldwide protest at the political overtones of the proceedings, the two were executed in 1927.萨柯，尼古拉：(1891-1927) 意大利裔美国无政府主义者，与巴托洛梅奥·万泽蒂一起因被控双重谋杀而判死刑(1921年）。尽管详尽的证据利于他们并且世界广泛抗议出于政府偏见的判决，两人还是在1927年被处死〔Proudhon〕French anarchist who believed that human moral development would ultimately eliminate the need for laws and government.普鲁东，皮尔·约瑟夫：(1809-1865) 法国无政府主义者，他认为人类道德水平的发展将最终消灭政府和法律存在的必要性〔Kropotkin〕Russian anarchist and political philosopher who maintained that cooperation, not competition, was the means to bettering the human condition. He greatly influenced anarchist movements in Russia and England.克鲁泡特金，皮奥奇·阿列克谢耶维奇：(1842-1921) 俄国无政府主义者和政治哲学家，他认为改善人类现状的方法是合作而不是竞争。他对俄国和英国的无政府主义运动产生了很大的影响〔anarchic〕Likely to produce or result in anarchy.鼓吹无政府主义的：妄想产生无政府或以无政府为结果〔Goldman〕Russian-born American anarchist. Jailed repeatedly for her advocacy of birth control and opposition to military conscription, she was deported to the Soviet Union in 1919. Her writings includeMy Disillusionment in Russia (1923) and Living My Life (1931). 戈德曼，爱玛：(1869-1940) 俄籍美国无政府主义者，由于鼓吹节育和反对征兵制而多次入狱，1919年她被遣送回苏联。著作有《我在俄国的幻灭》 （1923年）和 《我的一生》 （1931年） 〔anarch〕An adherent of anarchy or a leader practicing it.无政府主义者：无政府主义的信徒或领袖〔Barcelona〕A city of northeast Spain on the Mediterranean Sea. Founded by the Carthaginians, it prospered under the Romans and Visigoths, fell to the Moors in 713, and was taken by Charlemagne's Frankish troops in 801. It has long been a center of Catalan separatism and of anarchic, socialist, and syndicalist movements. Population, 1,770,296.巴塞罗那：西班牙东北部临地中海的一个城市，由迦太基人建立，罗马人和西哥特人统治时一度繁荣，于713年落于摩尔人手中，801年又被查理曼尼的法兰克军队接管。曾长时间成为加泰罗尼亚分离主义和无政府主义，社会主义、工联主义运动的中心。人口1,770,296〔anarchism〕Active resistance and terrorism against the state, as used by some anarchists.反政府恐怖活动：一些无政府主义者进行的反政府抵抗或恐怖活动〔Catalonia〕A region of northeast Spain bordering on France and the Mediterranean Sea. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries it was a center of socialist and anarchist activity. The Catalans established a separate state in the 1930's.加泰隆尼亚：西班牙东北部一地区，位于法国和地中海交界处。在19世纪晚期和20世纪早期是社会主义者和无政府主义者的活动中心。20世纪30年代加泰隆尼亚人在此建立独立的州 |
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