| 单词 | 更喜欢 |
| 释义 | 〔lady〕Used attributively together with the name of an occupational role,as inlady doctor, the word is widely regarded as condescendingbecause of its implication that the usual person in that role is a man.When the gender of the referent is relevant,the preferred term iswoman. 当它用在职业角色的名称前时，如女医生 ， 被普遍认为是带有性别特征的，因为它暗示了这个职业角色的扮演者通常应是男性。为了使所提到的性别表示更恰当，人们更喜欢用woman 这个词 〔err〕The pronunciation (ûr) for the worderr is traditional, but the pronunciation (ĕr) has gained ground in recent years, perhaps owing to influence fromerrant and error, and must now be regarded as an acceptable variant.The Usage Panel was split on the matter:56 percent preferred (ûr),34 percent preferred (ĕr),and 10 percent accepted both pronunciations.err 的一种读音（ur）是较传统的， 近年来， 也许由于errant 和 error 两个词的影响，另一种发音(er)普及起来， err一词现在一定也被认为是errant和error的变异体用法。用法使用小组在该词发音上也有分歧：56％的人赞成(ur)，34％的人更喜欢(er)，剩下10％的人对两种发音都接受〔be〕Traditional grammar requires the nominative form of the pronoun in the predicate of the verbbe : It is I (not me ); That must be they (not them ), and so forth. Even literate speakers of Modern English have found the rule difficult to conform to,but the stigmatization ofIt is me is by now so deeply lodged among the canons of correctness that there is little likelihood that the construction will ever be entirely acceptable in formal writing.Adherence to the traditional rule in informal speech, however, has come to sound increasingly pedantic,and begins to sound absurd when the verb is contracted, as inIt's we. · The traditional rule creates particular problems when the pronoun followingbe also functions as the object of a verb or preposition in a relative clause, as in It is not them/they that we have in mind when we talk about "crime in the streets" nowadays, where the plural pronoun serves as both the predicate ofis and the object of have. In this example, 57 percent of the Usage Panel preferred the nominative formthey, 33 percent preferred the accusativethem, and 10 percent accepted both versions.But H.W. Fowler, like other authorities, argued that the use of the nominative here is an error caused by "the temptation . . . to assume, perhaps from hearingIt is me corrected to It is I, that a subjective [nominative] case cannot be wrong after the verb to be. ” Writers can usually find a way to avoid this problem: They are not the ones we have in mind, We have someone else in mind, and so on. See Usage Note at I 1we 传统语法要求系动词谓语中的代词用主格形式be ： It is I （而不是 me ）； That must be they （而不是 them ），等等。 即使现代英语有文化的人也发现很难遵守这个规则，而It is me 的烙印现在已深刻地印入了判断是否正确的准则之中， 以致很少有可能使这种用法在正式书面语中被完全接受。但是在非正式讲话中奉行传统规则已经日益变得象在卖弄学问。并且当系动词被缩减时，就象在It's we 中一样，听起来反而象是不合语法的。 当代词跟在be 后面做动词宾语或做关系从句中的介语宾语时，传统的规则就象在 当我们谈到当今“街上的犯罪”时，他们不是我们心中所想的那些人， 句中复数代词同时充当is 的宾语和 have 的宾语。 在这个例子中57%的用法使用小组更喜欢用主格形式they， 33%更喜欢用宾格形式them， 而10%则两种都接受。但是象其他的权威一样，H.W.福勒争论道，在这里用主格是一个错误，它之所以错是因为“多半听到了It is me 都被改正成 It is I 而拿不定主意，以为主格的情况在动词 to be 后面不可能错。” 作家们常常能够找到一个办法来避免这个问题： 他们不是我们所想的人，我们脑子里想的是另一些人等等 参见 I1we〔handicapped〕Althoughhandicapped is widely used in both law and everyday speech to refer to people having physical or mental disabilities, those described by the word tend to prefer the expressionsdisabled or people with disabilities. To say that people arehandicapped may imply that they cannot function on a par with others, while to say that they have adisability allows more readily for the possibility that they can so function, in spite of having to do some things in different ways.It is also felt that some stigma may attach to the wordhandicapped on account of its origin in the phrase hand in cap, actually derived from a game of chancebut sometimes mistakenly believed to involve the image of a beggar.The wordhandicapped is best reserved to describe a disabled person who is unable to function owing to some property of the environment. Thus people with a physical disability requiring a wheelchair may or may not behandicapped, depending on whether wheelchair ramps are made available to them. 尽管在法律上和在日常用语里handicapped 这个词被广泛使用以言指那些有生理缺陷的，智力低下的人， 那些被这个词描绘的人们更喜欢disabled 或 people with disabilities 这两种说法。 说人们是handicapped 可能暗示他们不可能象别的人那样水平的工作， 而当说他们只是disability 时，为他们能够如此工作提供了更大的可能性和余地， 尽管他们是用不同的方式去做同样的事情。一些附着于handicapped 这个词的一些特点是因为这个词来源于 hand in cap 这个短语， 它实际上起源于比赛中的机会，但有时被人误会加入了乞丐的形象。单词handicapped 这个词用来形容那些由于某些客观环境问题而无法工作的人是最好的了， 因此生理有缺陷的而需要轮椅的人，是否是handicapped 要看为他们准备的轮椅的坡道是否可以使用 〔better〕better suited to the job; likes it better without sauce.更适应该职业；更喜欢不加酱汁的〔prefer〕To choose or be in the habit of choosing as more desirable or as having more value:更喜欢：作为更合意的或更有价值的而选择或习惯于选择…：〔pensive〕"The Contemplative Atheist is rare . . . And yet they seem to be more than they are" (Francis Bacon).“喜欢深思的无神论者是很罕见的…他们看起来实际更喜欢思考” （弗朗西斯·培根）。 |
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