| 单词 | 更进一步 |
| 释义 | 〔promotion〕Encouragement of the progress, growth, or acceptance of something; furtherance.发扬，助长：对某事的进步、成长或接受的鼓励；更进一步〔lucre〕When William Tyndale translatedaiskhron kerdos, "shameful gain" (Titus 1:11), as filthy lucre in his edition of the Bible, he was tarring the wordlucre for the rest of its existence. But we cannot lay the pejorative sense oflucre completely at Tyndale's door. He was merely a link,albeit a strong one,in a process that had begun long before with respect to the ancestor of our word,the Latin wordlucrum, "material gain, profit.” This process was probably controlled by the inevitable conjunction of profit, especially monetary profit, with evils such as greed.In Latinlucrum also meant "avarice,” and in Middle Englishlucre, besides meaning "monetary gain, profit,” meant "illicit gain.”Furthermore, many of the contexts in which the neutral sense of the word appeared were not that neutral,as in "It is a wofull thyng . . . ffor lucre of goode . . . A man to fals his othe [it is a sad thing for a man to betray his oath for monetary gain].”Tyndale thus merely helped the process along when he gave us the phrasefilthy lucre. 当威廉·廷代尔在他的《圣经》版本里把aiskhon kerdos （“可耻的收获”）翻译成 filthy lucre 时， 他就把lucre 这个词当作贬义了， 这个词以后也就这样解释了。但是我们不能把lucre 这个词的贬义全部归于廷代尔名下。 他只是整个过程的一个环节，尽管是个有力的环节，这个过程早在我们这个词的祖先，拉丁字lucrum （意为“物质获得，利润”）就开始了。 这个过程很可能与带有类似贪婪这样的罪恶利润，尤其是钱财利润不可避免地联系在一起。在拉丁文里，lucrum 也有“贪婪”的意思。 在中世纪英语中，lucre 除了有“钱财收入，利润”的意思之外， 还意味着“不正当的所得”。更进一步说，即使这个词意思是中性的，但上下文却不是那么的中性，比如“一个人为了钱财背弃自己的誓言。”廷代尔在给我们短语filthy lucre 时，仅仅有助于把这个过程延续下来 〔cruel〕Ferocious adds tofierce connotations of rabid fury and rampant brutality: Ferocious 比fierce 更进一步，有暴怒和极度残忍的含义： 〔farther〕To or at a more advanced point or stage:更进一步地：到好在更高点或阶段：〔break〕To advance beyond previous achievements:更好成绩：在以前取得的成绩上更进一步：〔promote〕To contribute to the progress or growth of; further.See Synonyms at advance 促进，推进：有助于…的进步或成长；更进一步 参见 advance〔bide〕To wait for further developments.等待时机，耐心等待：等待更进一步的发展〔internecine〕In the first edition of theAmerican Heritage Dictionary 91 percent of the Usage Panel approved the use ofinternecine relating to internal struggle within a nation or organization that did not necessarily imply fatal or destructive conflict.The objection that had been overcome for most of the Panel was thatinternecine should imply such destruction because it came from the Latin wordinternecīnus, a variant ofinternecīvus, "fought to the death, murderous,” ultimately derived fromnecāre, "to kill.” Inter- in this compound is simply an intensive, supplying the notion of "all the way to" in the sense "fought to the death.”Internecine in English, first recorded in 1663, indeed meant "deadly, destructive,”but Samuel Johnson, inserting the word in his dictionary of 1755,thought thatinter- meant "mutual" and so defined it as "endeavoring mutual destruction.”This definition set the word incorrectly on its present course,and wheninternecine was further extended simply to mean "relating to internal struggle,” the original error was compounded.However, the point is that the meaning of words can be changed by mistakes and that mistaken meanings adhere to words.Only an occasional etymologist points out that the emperor's new clothes are patched.在美国经典辞书 第一版中， 百分之九十一的用法专题使用小组成员赞同internecine 与一个国家或组织内部的斗争有关， 但并不一定是致命的或有破坏性的冲突。为大多数小组成员说服的反对意见为internecine 应该暗指这种破坏， 因为它来源于拉丁词internecinus ， 是internecivus 的变体，意为“战至死亡的，谋杀的”， 它最终来源于意为“杀害”的necare 。 在这个复合词中inter- 只是简单的一个强调成分， 在“战至死亡的”这个意义上加上“一直”这个概念。在英语中internecine 最早记载于1663年， 确实意味着“致死的，破坏性的”，但是塞缪尔·约翰逊在其1755年的字典中插入此词，认为inter- 意为“共同的”， 并且将它定义为“竭力造成共同破坏的”。这个定义造成此词今日用法的不准确，而且当internecine 更进一步被简单地引申为“关于内部斗争的”时， 其起源的错误就加重了。但是，重要的是词的意思被错误改变并且为错误意思所追随。只有偶尔的一个词源学家指出“皇帝的新衣服打满补丁”〔follow〕To increase the effectiveness or enhance the success of by further action:使更进一步，使更成功：通过进一步行动增加效果或提高成功性： |
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