| 单词 | 有意识 |
| 释义 | 〔biofeedback〕The technique of using monitoring devices to furnish information regarding an autonomic bodily function, such as heart rate or blood pressure, in an attempt to gain some voluntary control over that function. It may be used clinically to treat certain conditions, such as hypertension and migraine headache.生物反馈：使用监测设备提供有关如心律或血压等肉体上的自动动能的信息的技术，以谋求获取对该功能的某种有意识的控制。用于临床上治疗某些症状，如高血压和偏头痛〔volition〕The act or an instance of making a conscious choice or decision.行使意志：作出有意识的选择或决定的行为或事例〔underact〕To understate (a role) intentionally; underplay.表演有克制：有意识轻描淡写（一角色）；含蓄克制地扮演〔conscious〕Having an awareness of one's environment and one's own existence, sensations, and thoughts.See Synonyms at aware 有意识的：对自己的环境、存在、感觉和想法有意识的 参见 aware〔mind〕The collective conscious and unconscious processes in a sentient organism that direct and influence mental and physical behavior.心智，意识：感觉器官指挥和影响心理或生理行为的有意识和无意识的全过程〔McDougall〕British-born American psychologist who theorized that human behavior is determined by both instinctive and intentional strivings.麦克杜格安，威廉：(1871-1938) 英裔美国心理学家，他的理论认为人类的行为是由本能的和有意识的奋斗共同决定的〔unconscious〕The division of the mind in psychoanalytic theory containing elements of psychic makeup, such as memories or repressed desires, that are not subject to conscious perception or control but that often affect conscious thoughts and behavior.无意识：心理分析理论中的一个精神领域，包含不受知觉作用控制但经常影响有意识思想或行为的心理构成因素，如记忆或受压抑的欲望〔preconscious〕The memories or feelings that are not part of one's immediate awareness but that can be recalled through conscious effort.前意识：无法立即意识到但能通过有意识的努力而唤起的记忆或情感〔consciousness〕The state or condition of being conscious.意识：有意识的条件或状态〔automatism〕Suspension of consciousness in order to express subconscious ideas and feelings.自动主义：暂时抑制有意识的思想活动，以表达下意识的思想和感觉〔reason〕"the rationalist whose reason is not sufficient to teach him those limitations of the powers of conscious reason" (Friedrich August von Hayek). “理性主义者的理智不足以告诉他们有意识的理性力量是有一些缺陷的” （弗雷德里希·奥古斯特·冯·海因克）。 〔bad〕 Wicked suggests conscious or premeditated moral transgression: Wicked 使人联想到有意识或有预谋地违反道德： 〔to〕Into a state of consciousness:处于有意识状态：〔animism〕The attribution of conscious life to natural objects or to nature itself.泛灵论，万物有灵论：自然界物体或自然本身是有意识生命的属性〔psychodynamics〕(used with a sing. or pl. verb)The interaction of various conscious and unconscious mental or emotional processes, especially as they influence personality, behavior, and attitudes.（与单数或复数动词连用）精神动力现象：各种不同的有意识和无意识的精神或情感过程的交汇，尤指在它们影响性格，行为和态度的时候〔volition〕A conscious choice or decision.选择：有意识的选择或决定〔ego〕In psychoanalysis, the division of the psyche that is conscious, most immediately controls thought and behavior, and is most in touch with external reality.自我：在精神分析学中指有意识的最直接地控制思想和行为，与外部世界联系也最多的那部分自我〔awake〕Completely conscious; not in a state of sleep.醒着的：完全有意识的；不是处于睡眠状态的〔pensive〕Contemplative implies slow, directed consideration,often with conscious intent of achieving better understanding or spiritual or aesthetic enrichment: Contemplative 暗指一种缓慢而有指导的深思，常带有为了更好地理解或获得精神或美感上的富足的有意识的意图： 〔treason〕Violation of allegiance toward one's country or sovereign, especially the betrayal of one's country by waging war against it or by consciously and purposely acting to aid its enemies.叛国罪：违背对自己国家或君主的忠诚，尤指通过对自己国家发动战争，或有意识有目的的帮助国家敌人的行动，背叛自己的国家〔sentient〕Having sense perception; conscious:有感觉能力的：有感觉力的；有意识的：〔lonely〕Henry Bradley, one of the four editors of theOxford English Dictionary, said "It is a truth often overlooked, but not unimportant, that every addition to the resources of a language must in the first instance have been due to an act (though not necessarily to a voluntary or conscious act) of some one person.”In many casesthis one person may have been an author,since the first recorded instance of a word is often found in an author's work.Of course, as Bradley warns,this is the firstrecorded instance; it is possible that a given author picked up the word or sense somewhere elseor that these reside undiscovered in an earlier work.In any caseit might be a minor relief of our condition the next time we feel lonely to know that the first recorded instance of the wordlonely occurs in the works of Shakespeare. The passage appears inCoriolanus (1607-1608) in a speech by Coriolanus to his mother Volumnia:"My mother, you wot [know] well/My hazards still have been your solace, and/Believe't not lightly—though I go alone,/Like to alonely dragon, that his fen/Makes fear'd and talk'd of more than seen—your son/Will or exceed the common or be caught/With cautelous [crafty] baits and practice.” Lonely here, of course, has the sense "solitary.” The dragon does not feel dejected,or if he does,he does not seem to know how to reach out to others effectively.牛津英语词典 的四位编纂者之一亨利·布莱德雷说： “人们经常忽视这样一个现实，但它并非不重要，那就是对某种语言词汇的每一次添加都首先是由于某一个人的行为（尽管不一定是自愿的或有意识的行为）”。许多时候，这一个人可能是个作者，因为一个词有记载的首次使用往往出自一位作者的作品。当然，正如布莱德雷所提醒人们的，这是首次有记载的 的例子； 某个作者可能是从别处学到这个词或这个意思，或是这个词或意思在更早的作品中已经出现，只是未被人们发现。不管怎样，当我们知道lonely 这个词的有记载的首次使用出现在莎士比亚的作品中时，这些都不大能减轻我们的沮丧心情。 在卡里奥拉纳斯 （1607-1608年）中， 卡里奥拉纳斯对他母亲弗罗姆尼娅讲的一段话中有这样的文字：“我的母亲，你清楚地知道／我的冒险一直是你的安慰，而且／不要轻信——尽管我要只身前往，／就象去面对一条孤单的 龙，他的沼泽／令人谈而色变，尽管并未亲见——你的儿子／决意或是胜过凡人或是被狡猾的圈套和手段擒捉”。 Lonely 在这里的意思当然是“孤单的”。 龙不会感到沮丧，即便它感到沮丧，他也不太可能知道如何让别人体会到它的感情 |
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