| 单词 | 有机体 |
| 释义 | 〔heliotropism〕Growth or orientation of a sessile organism, especially a plant, toward or away from the light of the sun.向日性，向光性：无柄有机体，尤指植物的向日光或偏离日光而成长或定位〔organicism〕The theory that the total organization of an organism, rather than the functioning of individual organs, is the principal or exclusive determinant of every life process.有机体理论：主张机体的总体组合而非各机体独特功能是每个生命过程主要的且起决定性作用的因素的理论〔ecophysiology〕The study of the interrelationship between an organisms's physical functioning and its environment.生态生理学：以有机体的生理功能与其环境之间关系为研究对象的学科〔system〕An organism as a whole, especially with regard to its vital processes or functions.有机体系统：作为一个整体的有机体，尤指当与它的重要变化过程或作用有关时〔amensalism〕A symbiotic relationship between organisms in which one species is harmed or inhibited and the other species is unaffected.片害共栖：有机体之间共生的作用关系，一个物种受另一个物种侵害或抑制，而后者不受前者的影响〔symbiont〕An organism in a symbiotic relationship. Also called symbiote 共生生物，共生体：有共生关系的有机体 也作 symbiote〔holism〕The theory that living matter or reality is made up of organic or unified wholes that are greater than the simple sum of their parts.整体论：该理论认为有机体或统一的整体构成的全体要大于各部分单纯相加的和〔conspecific〕An organism belonging to the same species as another.同种生物：与另一生物属于同种的有机体〔protozoan〕Any of a large group of single-celled, usually microscopic, eukaryotic organisms, such as amoebas, ciliates, flagellates, and sporozoans.原生动物：大批单细胞的，通常要在显微镜下才能看到的真核细胞有机体中的任何一种，包括变形虫、纤毛虫和孢子虫〔superfamily〕A taxonomic category of related organisms ranking below an order or its subdivisions and above a family.总科：一种生物分类的类别，包括目或其分支以下和科以上的相关物质有机体〔heliotaxis〕The movement of an organism in response to the light of the sun.趋日性：有机体随太阳光所作之运动〔germ〕The earliest form of an organism; a seed, bud, or spore.生殖细胞，胚种细胞：有机体的最初形式；种子、萌芽或胚种〔aerotaxis〕Movement of an organism, especially a bacterium, toward or away from air or oxygen.趋氧性：有机体，特别是细菌移向或离开空气或氧气的运动〔autoantibody〕An antibody that attacks the cells and tissues of the organism in which it is formed.自体免疫：一种抗体，能够侵袭它在其中形成的有机体的细胞及组织〔chlorophyll〕Any of a group of related green pigments found in photosynthetic organisms, especially:叶绿素：在光合的有机体中所发现的一组互为关联的绿色素中任何一种，尤指：〔specialization〕A character, a feature, or an organism resulting from such adaptation.特化机体：由这种适应变化产生的有机体、特征或器官〔compost〕A mixture of decaying organic matter, as from leaves and manure, used to improve soil structure and provide nutrients.堆肥：腐烂有机体的混合物，如树叶或粪便，用来改善土壤结构并增加土壤养分〔respirable〕respirable organisms.能呼吸的有机体〔dimorphic〕a dimorphic crystal; dimorphic organisms.双晶晶体；二形有机体〔physiological〕Being in accord with or characteristic of the normal functioning of a living organism.生理的，生理机能的，生理上正常的：根据有生命的有机体正常功能的，或具有此特征的〔soma〕The entire body of an organism, exclusive of the germ cells.体细胞：某一有机体的整个身体，不包括生殖细胞〔spawn〕To plant with mycelia grown in specially prepared organic matter.孕育培养：用生长在特别栽种的有机体上的菌丝体种植〔topotype〕A specimen of an organism taken from the type locality of that species.典型标本：从某生物种的代表生物中取出的有机体制成的标本〔breed〕A group of organisms having common ancestors and certain distinguishable characteristics, especially a group within a species developed by artificial selection and maintained by controlled propagation.属：一群拥有共同祖先和明显特征的有机体，尤指属于同一物种的一群，通过人工选择来发展，通过有控制的繁殖来维持〔plastid〕Any of several pigmented cytoplasmic organelles found in plant cells and other organisms, having various physiological functions, such as the synthesis and storage of food.质体：在植物细胞和其它有机体中发现的若干着色的细胞质的细胞器，具有各种生理功能，如合成和储存食物〔biosystematics〕The use of data obtained from cytogenetic, biochemical, and other experimental studies to assess the taxonomic relationships of organisms or populations, especially within an evolutionary framework.生物系统学：利用从细胞生成、生化的和其他实验研究中所得数据而研究有机体或人口的分类关系，尤指在一进化结构范围内〔niche〕The function or position of an organism or a population within an ecological community.功能，位置：有机体或其数量在生态环境中的作用或地位〔protoctist〕Any of the unicellular protists and their descendant multicellular organisms, considered as a separate taxonomic kingdom in most modern classification systems.原生物：任何一种单细胞原生生物和作为它们后代的多细胞有机体，在大多数现代分类系统中将它分为一个单独的界〔monoploid〕A monoploid cell or organism.单倍体细胞或有机体〔xenogeneic〕Derived or obtained from an organism of a different species:异种发生的：从不同种类的有机体上衍生的或获取的：〔autopolyploid〕An organism having more than two sets of chromosomes, all of which were derived from the same species.同源多倍体：有着两套以上衍生于同一种类的染色体的有机体〔hematozoon〕A parasitic protozoan or similar organism that lives in the blood.血液寄生虫：生活在血液之中的寄生原生动物或者与此类似的有机体〔paleobiology〕The branch of paleontology that deals with the fossils of plants, animals, and other organisms.古生物学：古生物学的一支，专门研究植物、动物与其它有机体的化石的〔embryo〕An organism at any time before full development, birth, or hatching.胎：指有机体在完全发育、出生或孵出之前的任何阶段〔auxotrophic〕Requiring one or more specific substances for growth and metabolism that the parental organism was able to synthesize on its own. Used with respect to organisms, such as strains of bacteria, algae, or fungi, that can no longer synthesize certain growth factors because of mutational changes.有营养缺陷的：需求一种或多种用于有机体成长及代谢、其自身可以合成特定物质的。用于指如细菌菌株，水藻或真菌等因某种突变不能再合成特定生长因子的有机体〔isomorph〕An object, an organism, or a substance exhibiting isomorphism.同构体; 异质同形体：显示了同态性或同晶性的一个物体，一个有机体，或一种物质〔spermatid〕Any of the four haploid cells formed by meiosis in a male organism that develop into spermatozoa without further division.精细胞：雄性有机体中通过减数分裂产生的四个单倍体细胞之任何一个，无需经进一步的分裂就能发展成为精子〔physiotype〕The collection of physical characteristics or features that distinguish a person or other organism.生理型：用来区别人类或其它有机体的生理特征或特色的形态〔part〕An organ, a member, or another division of an organism.器官：有机体的器官、部位或其它分割形式〔paedomorphosis〕Phylogenetic change in which juvenile characteristics are retained in the adult form of an organism.幼体发育：有机体在成熟期仍保留幼年特征的系统发育的变化 |
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