| 单词 | 有系统的 |
| 释义 | 〔methodology〕Methodology can properly refer to the theoretical analysis of the methods appropriate to a field of study or to the body of methods and principles particular to a branch of knowledge.In this sense,one may speak ofobjections to the methodology of a geographic survey (i.e., objections dealing with the appropriateness of the methods used) or of themethodology of modern cognitive psychology (i.e., the principles and practices that underlie research in the field). In recent years, however,methodology has been increasingly used as a pretentious substitute for method in scientific and technical contexts, as inThe oil company has not yet decided on a methodology for restoring the beaches. This usage may have been fostered in part by the tendency to use the adjectivemethodological to mean "pertaining to methods,” in as much as the regularly formed adjectivemethodical has been preempted to mean "orderly, systematic.” But the misuse ofmethodology obscures an important conceptual distinction between the tools of scientific investigation (properly methods ) and the principles that determine how such tools are deployed and interpreted—a distinction that the scientific and scholarly communities, if not the wider public,should be expected to maintain.Methodology 可指对一个学科的研究方法进行的理论分析， 也可指一个学科特有的一整套方法与步骤。在这种意义上，人们可以说对于一个地理调查所用方法提出的异议 （即，关于所用方法是否适当所提的异议）， 也可以说现代认知心理学的研究方法 （即，形成一门学科的研究基础的原则和方法）。 然而，近些年来，在科学、技术语境中，methodology 越来越多地被用做颇带炫耀夸张色彩的 method 的替换词， 如说石油公司尚未决定恢复海滩环境的方法。 这种用法可能部分地起因于用形容词methodological 来表示“与方法有关的”意思的倾向， 因为用常规方法构成的形容词methodical 已先行意味着“有序的，有系统的”。 但是methodology 的这种错误用法模糊了一个重要的概念区分，那就是科学研究的方法（正确的说法应是 methods )和决定这些方法如何运用和阐释的原则之间的区分——这个区分， 如果不为更多的大众所认识，至少应为科学和学者圈子所坚持〔methodical〕Arranged or proceeding in regular, systematic order.井然的，有条理的：以有规律的，有系统的秩序排列或进行的〔systematic〕Of, characterized by, based on, or constituting a system.系统的：有系统的、系统化的、基于系统的或由系统组成的〔builddown〕A systematic numerical reduction, especially of nuclear weapons, in which more than one weapon or warhead is destroyed for every new one that is built.衰减，降低：有系统的数量减少，尤指核武器，当每一个新的核武器被造出来后，一种或更多的武器或弹头就要销毁〔systematics〕The science of systematic classification.分类学：有系统的分类的科学〔nomenclature〕The procedure of assigning names to the kinds and groups of organisms listed in a taxonomic classification:命名（过程），有系统的命名法：将名称指定给列于系统类别之中的各种或各组机体的过程：〔orderly〕Scientists are conducting systematic research into antigens to combat immune disorders. 科学家正为寻找免疫的抗生原而进行有系统的研究工作。 〔enterprise〕Industrious, systematic activity, especially when directed toward profit:创业：勤奋，有系统的活动，尤为以获得利益为目的：〔methodical〕Characterized by ordered and systematic habits or behavior.See Synonyms at orderly 有条不紊的：以井然有序，有系统的习惯或行为为特征的 参见 orderly〔dismantle〕To put an end to in a gradual systematic way:终止，废除：以逐渐有系统的方式结束： |
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