| 单词 | 未来 |
| 释义 | 〔Abidjan〕The capital and largest city of Ivory Coast, in the southern part of the country on an enclosed lagoon of the Gulf of Guinea. In 1983 Yamoussoukro was designated as the future capital. Abidjan's population is 1,500,000.阿比让：象牙海岸的首都和最大城市。位于该国的南部，几内亚湾的一个封闭的礁湖上。1983年将亚穆苏克罗定为未来的首都。阿比让人口为1,500,000〔intending〕Purposing to become or be; prospective:预计的；未来的：〔apocalyptic〕"now speaks in apocalyptic terms about the probable conflict ahead"(Financial Times)“现在以预示灾变似的话语讲着未来可能发生的冲突”(金融时报)〔Mozarab〕from Arabic musta'rib [would-be Arab] 源自 阿拉伯语 musta'rib [未来的阿拉伯人] 〔anlage〕A fundamental principle; the foundation for a future development.基础，基本：基本原则；未来发展的基础〔macabre〕The wordmacabre is an excellent example of a word formed with reference to a specific context that has long since disappeared for everyone but scholars. Macabre is first recorded in the phrase Macabrees daunce in a work written around 1430 by John Lydgate. Lydgate expressed it so because he thoughtMacabree was a French author, although he was actually dealing with the Old French phraseDanse Macabre, "the Dance of Death,” a subject of art and literature.In this dance,Death leads people of all classes and walks of life to the same final end.Themacabre element is thought by some to be an alteration of Macabe , "a Maccabee.” The Maccabees were Jewish martyrswho were honored by a feast throughout the Western Church,and reverence for them was linked to reverence for the dead.One of the biblical books of Maccabees also contains a passage (II Maccabees 12:43-45) mentioning sacrifices for the dead and their future resurrection,which has been used to defend the doctrine of Purgatory.Todaymacabre has no connection with the Maccabees and little connection with the Dance of Death,but it still has to do with death.单词macabre 是一个极好的例子，创造该词的来龙去脉除了学者之外早已被世人所遗忘。 Macabre 最早见于短语 Macabrees daunce 是在1430年前后约翰·利德盖特写的一本书中。 利德盖特这样表达是因为他认为Macabree 是源于法语的词， 实际上他指的是一个古老的法语短语Danse Macabre， “死神之舞，” 一个艺术与文学的主题。在这个舞蹈中，死神把各种各样的人带到了同一个终点。有人认为macabre 是 Macabe 的变体，“马加比人”。 马加比们就是那些犹太殉道者，在天主教会中通过节日表达对他们的敬意，对他们的尊敬和对死的敬畏是联系在一起的。基督教典籍中关于马加比人的书中有一段文字（Ⅱ马加比人12:43-45)提到对死者的祭祀和他们未来的复活，这段文字被用来捍卫关于炼狱的教义。今天macabre 与马加比人毫无联系， 与死神之舞相关甚少，但它仍与死亡有关〔indeterminate〕an indeterminate future.不可预测的未来〔Marinetti〕Italian writer who founded futurism with the publication of his 1909 manifesto. Among his works areThe Bleeding Mummy (1904) and Mafarka the Futurist (1910). 马里内蒂，埃米利奥·费利波·托马索：(1876-1944) 意大利作家，以其1909年发表的宣言为标志建立了未来主义学派，作品有《流血的木乃伊》 （1904年）和 《未来主义者马法尔卡》 （1910年） 〔futuristic〕Of or relating to the future.未来的：未来的或与未来有关的〔Jaspers〕German psychiatrist and philosopher. A founder of modern existentialism, he was concerned with human reactions to extreme situations. His works includeMan and the Modern World (1931) and The Future of Mankind (1957). 雅斯贝斯，卡尔·狄奥多尔：(1883-1969) 德国心理学家和哲学家。现代存在主义的创始人，他研究人对极端条件的反应。著作有《现时代人》 （1931年）和 《人类的未来》 （1957年） 〔face〕"The prospect of military conflict . . . faced us with nightmarish choices"(Henry A. Kissinger)“未来的军事冲突…使我们面对恶梦似的决择”(亨利A.基辛格)〔pregnant〕"This was, from the Party's point of view, both deplorable in itself and pregnant with danger for the future"(Robert Conquest)“从党的立场上来说，这不仅本身悲惨不幸而且对未来也充满危险”(罗伯特·康奎斯特)〔project〕To calculate, estimate, or predict (something in the future), based on present data or trends:预计：基于当前的资料或趋势（对未来的某事）的计算、估计或预测：〔time〕Payable on a future date or dates.定期的：在未来的某个或某些时期偿还的〔forethought〕Preparation or thought for the future.See Synonyms at prudence 深谋远虑：对未来的准备或思虑 参见 prudence〔Zorach〕Lithuanian-born American sculptor whose simple, monumental works includeBuilders of the Future (1939). 佐拉克，威廉：(1887-1966) 立陶宛裔的美国雕塑家，其简洁的石雕作品有《未来的建设者》 （1939年） 〔speculator〕a commodities speculator; a speculator regarding the future turn of events.商品投机商；考虑事情的未来转变的思索者〔epilogue〕A short addition or concluding section at the end of a literary work, often dealing with the future of its characters. Also called In this sense, also called afterword 结尾部分：文学作品结束时简短的附加或总结性章节，常常关于作品人物的未来 也作 在此意义上也可称作 afterword〔futurity〕The quality or condition of being in or of the future.处于或是未来的性质或状态〔toward〕an optimistic attitude toward the future.对未来的乐观态度〔foresight〕Care in providing for the future; prudence.See Synonyms at prudence 深谋远虑，精明：对未来的考虑；精明 参见 prudence〔agree〕"The creed [upon which America was founded] was widely seen as both progressive and universalistic: It accorded with the future, and it was open to all" (Everett Carll Ladd). “这个信条［美国建立于其上］ 被广泛地认为既是进步的又是普遍的：它与未来相一致，并对一切都公开” （埃弗里特·卡尔·赖德）。〔cyberpunk〕Fast-paced science fiction involving futuristic computer-based societies.计算机科幻小说：快步调的科幻小说，包括以计算机为基础的未来社会〔envisage〕To conceive an image or a picture of, especially as a future possibility:想象：构想一个形象或图画，特别是一种未来的可能性：〔intending〕intending lawyers; an intending contributor.未来的律师；未来的指助者〔promise〕Indication of future excellence or success:（有）希望，（有）前途：暗示未来的出众或成功：〔eventual〕Occurring at an unspecified time in the future; ultimate:终将发生的，最终的：发生在未来某一不确定时间的；最终的：〔good〕The future looks good.未来一片坦途。〔inspire〕a sales force that was inspired by the prospect of a bonus.为未来的红利而激发的销售人员〔backwater〕"The running of family fortunes has always been a backwater—albeit a lucrative one—of the investment management business"(Business Week)“家庭未来的趋势一直处于投资管理商务的停滞状态——尽管有有利的一面”(商务周刊)〔ironic〕In 1969 Susie moved from Ithaca to California where she met her husband-to-be, who, ironically, also came from upstate New York ( 1969年苏茜从伊塔卡搬迁到了加利福尼亚并在那儿遇到了她未来的丈夫，而具有嘲弄意味的是，他也是从上纽约州来的( 〔FHA〕Future Homemakers of America.美国未来家庭主妇协会〔eventually〕At an unspecified future time:最后，最终：在未来某一不确定时间的：〔hold〕Let's see what the future holds.让我们看看未来会有什么〔dicey〕"an extremely dicey future on a brave new world of liquid nitrogen, tar, and smog"(New Yorker)“一个极端冒险的未来新世界在充满液氮、焦油和烟雾”(纽约人)〔protagonist〕Theprotagonist of a Greek drama was its leading actor, of whom there could be but one in any play.This is an etymological nicety that many modern writers continue to observe when using the word to refer to the main character of a drama or other fiction.Thus when the members of the Usage Panel were asked "How many protagonists are there inOthello ?” the great majority answered "One"and offered substitutes such asantagonist, villain, principal, and deuteragonist to describe Desdemona and Iago. But there is reputable precedent from the 17th century on for usingprotagonist to mean simply "important actor" or "principal party,”with no implication of uniqueness,as inThere are three protagonists in this sluggish novel. Smith and Jones were the protagonists in the struggle over the future of the computer company. Thus, while some writers may prefer to confine the word to a singular sense in their own usage,it is pedantic to insist that the looser use is incorrect. ·The use ofprotagonist to refer to a proponent has become common only in the 20th century and may have been influenced by a misconception that the first syllable of the word represents the prefixpro-, "favoring.” In sentences such asHe was an early protagonist of nuclear power, this use is likely to strike many readers as an errorand can usually be replaced byadvocate or proponent with no loss of sense.希腊戏剧的protagnist 是主角， 且在任何戏剧中仅有一个主角。许多现代作家在用这个词时都注意使它指代戏剧或其他小说的主要人物，因此当用法专题小组成员被问及“在奥赛罗 里有几个主要人物?”时， 大部分人回答“一个”，而且用如antagonist、villain、principal 和 deuteragonist 等词来描述苔丝德蒙娜和雅各。 但是从十七进纪开始，有一个使用protagonist 的规范惯例， 仅表示“重要的演员”或“首要的政党”，而丝毫没有独一无二的暗示，象在句子在这部文风拖沓的小说中有三个人物。 史密斯和琼斯是为计算公司的未来而奋斗的主角中一样。 因此，当某些作家可能在他们自己的用法中偏于把这个词限制在一个简单的含义中时，仍强调自由用法不正确就是卖弄学问的了。用protagonist 来指代建议者或支持者仅在20世纪开始变得常见， 而且被对于代表意为“支持的”前缀pro- 的该词第一个音节的误解所影响。 在句子他是核武力的早期支持者 中， 这种用法可能会使读者认为是个错误，而且常被advocate 或 proponent 所替代， 同时也不会有任何意思的遗漏〔ballpark〕gave a ballpark estimate of future unit sales.对未来的单位销售法做出几近正确的估计〔ahead〕In an advanced position or a configuration registering the future:向前，朝前：处于前列的位置或指示未来的方位：〔unborn〕Not yet appeared; future:未出现的，未来的：〔Chechnya〕A region of southwest Russia in the northern Caucasus bordering on Georgia. Conquered by Russia in the 19th century, it later formed part of the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. Chechnya declared its independence from the USSR in 1991. Russian troops invaded in late 1994, and fighting continued until 1996, when Russia and Chechnya signed an accord calling for an end to hostilities and the opening of negotiations on Chechnya's future political status.车臣：俄罗斯西南部地区，位于与格鲁吉亚共和国接壤的高加索北部。19世纪该地区被俄罗斯征服后成为车臣-印古什自治苏维埃社会主义共和国的一部分。1991年车臣宣告脱离苏联而独立。1994下半年俄罗斯军队入侵车臣，1996年俄罗斯与车臣签订和平条约要求结束对立并开始协商车臣未来的政治地位，至此这场战争宣告结束 |
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