单词 | 朱丽叶 |
释义 | 〔Romeo〕After Romeo , the hero of Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet 源自 Romeo , 罗密欧与朱丽叶 〔alligator〕InThe Travailes of an Englishman, published in 1568, Job Hortop says that "in this river we killed a monstrous Lagarto or Crocodile.”This killing gives rise to the first recorded instance ofalligator in English, obviously in a different form from the one familiar to modern speakers.Alligator, which comes to us from Spanish el lagarto, "the lizard,” was modified in pronunciation and form in several ways before taking on the formalligator. Such changes, referred to by linguists as taboo deformation,are not uncommon in a name for something that is feared and include,for example, the change in sequence of ther and t that occurred between el lagarto and alligator. An interesting parallel case iscrocodile, which appears in Spanish, for example, ascocodrilo, with a similar difference in the sequence of the r. The earliest recorded form ofalligator that is similar to ours appears in Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet (First Folio, 1623): "In his needie shop a tortoyrs hung,/An Allegater stuft.”在出版于1568年的英国人的劳作 一书中, 约伯·霍特普说“在这条河里我们杀死过一只巨大的蜥蜴或鳄鱼。”这次捕杀导致alligator 作为首次载入英语的实例, 和现代人所熟悉的词形明显不同。Alligator 来源于西班牙语 ellagarto, 意思是“蜥蜴,” 在采用alligator 这个词之前,其发音和词形经过了好几种变化。 这些变化,语言学家们称作禁忌变形,在人们惧怕的某种事物的名称里是常见的,而且还包括r 和 t 在以下两个单词 ellagarto 和 alligator 间依次的变化。 一个同样有趣的例子是crocodile, 在西班牙语里是cocodrilo, 区别在于排列顺序不同的 r 上。 最早记载的alligator 其词形接近我们所使用的词形,出现于莎士比亚的 罗密欧与朱丽叶 中,(1623年第一版对开本): “在他的日用品店中挂着一个玩具,一只布做的鳄鱼。”〔Berlioz〕French composer and leading representative of romanticism in French music. His works includeSymphonie Fantastique (1830), Romeo and Juliet (1839), and the opera The Trojans (1855-1858). 柏辽兹,(路易斯)赫克托:(1803-1869) 法国作曲家,法国音乐浪漫主义的首屈代表。其作品有《幻想交响曲》 (1830年), 《罗密欧与朱丽叶》 (1839年)和歌剧 《特洛伊人》 (1855-1858年) 〔Gounod〕French composer particularly noted for his ecclesiastical music and the operasFaust (1859) and Romeo and Juliet (1867). 古诺,查尔斯·法兰克斯:(1818-1893) 法国作曲家,因基督教式的音乐和歌剧《浮士德》 (1859年), 《罗密欧与朱丽叶》 (1867年)而闻名 〔Tchaikovsky〕Russian composer of often dramatic, richly expressive works, including the symphonyRomeo and Juliet (1869), the ballets Swan Lake (1877) and The Nutcracker (1892), and the opera Eugene Onegin (1879). 柴可夫斯基,彼得·伊里奇:(1840-1893) 俄罗斯作曲家,他的多数作品是戏剧,有丰富的表现意味,包括交响乐《罗密欧与朱丽叶》 (1869年)、芭蕾舞 《天鹅湖》 (1877年)和 《胡桃夹子》 (1892年)和歌剧 《尤金·奥尼金》 (1879年) 〔self〕"An actor's instrument is the self"(Joan Juliet Buck)“演员的工具是自己”(琼·朱丽叶·巴克) |
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