| 单词 | 杀害 |
| 释义 | 〔spontaneous〕"Nor is head-hunting, body-snatching, or killing for food instinctive or natural" (Bronislaw Malinowski).The term also applies to what reflects or comes about as a result of a natural inclination or innate impulse: “既不是为捕猎头，或为获得身体，也不是本能地或自然地为了食物而杀害” （布劳内斯罗·马林诺夫斯基）。这个词也应用于作为一种自然倾向或因内在冲动而产生的后果： 〔uxoricide〕The killing of a wife by her husband.杀妻：丈夫杀害妻子〔Guevara〕Argentine-born Cuban revolutionary leader who was Fidel Castro's chief lieutenant in the Cuban revolution (1956-1959) and later served as minister of industry (1961-1965). Active in other Latin American revolutions, he was captured and executed by the Bolivian army.格瓦拉，恩斯托：(1928-1967) 生于阿根廷的古巴革命领袖，在古巴革命（1956-1959年）中是菲德尔·卡斯特罗的主要将领，后成为工业部长（1961-1965年）。在拉丁美洲其他革命中表现活跃，被玻利维亚军队俘获后杀害〔Wenceslas〕Duke of Bohemia who encouraged Christianization and was martyred by his brother Boleslav. He is popularly associated with Christmastide charity and is the patron saint of Bohemia.圣温彻拉斯：波希米亚公爵，他鼓励基督教化，被其兄弟博列斯拉夫杀害。人们普遍将他与圣诞节节期联系在一起，他是波希米亚的守护神〔Oswald〕American alleged assassin of President John F. Kennedy (November 22, 1963). He was shot while under arrest (November 24).奥斯瓦德，李·哈维：(1939-1963) 美国人，杀害总统约翰·F·肯尼迪(1963年12月22日）的嫌疑犯。逮捕后被枪杀(12月24日）〔Dollfuss〕Austrian politician who as chancellor (1932-1934) established an authoritarian, one-party state. He was assassinated by Austrian Nazis.陶尔斐斯，恩格尔伯特：(1892-1934) 奥地利政治家，任职总理(1932-1934年）期间建立了独裁的一党专政。被奥地利纳粹分子杀害〔patricide〕-cīdium, -cīda [-cide] -cīdium, -cīda [杀害] 〔infanticide〕Late Latin īnfanticīdium [the killing of a child] 后期拉丁语 īnfanticīdium [杀害儿童的行为] 〔Biko〕South African political activist who led an anti-apartheid movement that urged all South African Blacks to disassociate themselves from white and multiracial culture. He was killed in prison by South African police.比科，史蒂芬·班图：领导反种族隔离制运动的南非政治活动家，他敦促所有南非黑人否定白人文化和多民族文化。在监禁期间他被南非警方杀害〔Bialystok〕A city of northeast Poland near the border of Belorussia. About half the city's population was killed by Nazi occupation forces (1941-1944). Today it is an industrial and transportation center. Population, 245,400.比亚韦斯托克：波兰东北部一城市，位于白俄罗斯边境附近。该城的一半人口被纳粹占领军杀害（1941-1944年）。现为工业和运输中心。人口245,400〔Agamemnon〕The king of Mycenae and leader of the Greeks in the Trojan War, who was the son of Atreus and the father of Orestes, Electra, and Iphigenia. He was killed by his wife Clytemnestra upon his return from Troy.阿伽门农：迈锡尼的国王，特洛伊战争中的希腊联军统帅，阿特柔斯的儿子，俄瑞斯忒斯、伊莱克特拉以及依菲琴尼亚的父亲。他刚从特洛伊返回就被其妻克吕泰尼丝特拉杀害〔murder〕To kill brutally or inhumanly.残忍的或者无人性的杀害〔Borden〕American woman accused and acquitted of the ax murder of her parents (1892).伯登，莉齐·安德鲁：(1860-1927) 因用斧子杀害她双亲而被控告和宣告无罪的美国妇女（1892年）〔Purim〕The 14th of Adar, observed in celebration of the deliverance of the Jews from massacre by Haman.普林节：纪念犹太人免遭哈曼的杀害的犹太教节日，即阿达尔月14日〔Zagreus〕The son of Zeus and Persephone who was slain by the Titans and reborn as Dionysus.扎格列欧斯：宙斯和珀尔塞福涅的儿子。他被泰坦杀害，再生改名为狄俄尼索斯〔internecine〕In the first edition of theAmerican Heritage Dictionary 91 percent of the Usage Panel approved the use ofinternecine relating to internal struggle within a nation or organization that did not necessarily imply fatal or destructive conflict.The objection that had been overcome for most of the Panel was thatinternecine should imply such destruction because it came from the Latin wordinternecīnus, a variant ofinternecīvus, "fought to the death, murderous,” ultimately derived fromnecāre, "to kill.” Inter- in this compound is simply an intensive, supplying the notion of "all the way to" in the sense "fought to the death.”Internecine in English, first recorded in 1663, indeed meant "deadly, destructive,”but Samuel Johnson, inserting the word in his dictionary of 1755,thought thatinter- meant "mutual" and so defined it as "endeavoring mutual destruction.”This definition set the word incorrectly on its present course,and wheninternecine was further extended simply to mean "relating to internal struggle,” the original error was compounded.However, the point is that the meaning of words can be changed by mistakes and that mistaken meanings adhere to words.Only an occasional etymologist points out that the emperor's new clothes are patched.在美国经典辞书 第一版中， 百分之九十一的用法专题使用小组成员赞同internecine 与一个国家或组织内部的斗争有关， 但并不一定是致命的或有破坏性的冲突。为大多数小组成员说服的反对意见为internecine 应该暗指这种破坏， 因为它来源于拉丁词internecinus ， 是internecivus 的变体，意为“战至死亡的，谋杀的”， 它最终来源于意为“杀害”的necare 。 在这个复合词中inter- 只是简单的一个强调成分， 在“战至死亡的”这个意义上加上“一直”这个概念。在英语中internecine 最早记载于1663年， 确实意味着“致死的，破坏性的”，但是塞缪尔·约翰逊在其1755年的字典中插入此词，认为inter- 意为“共同的”， 并且将它定义为“竭力造成共同破坏的”。这个定义造成此词今日用法的不准确，而且当internecine 更进一步被简单地引申为“关于内部斗争的”时， 其起源的错误就加重了。但是，重要的是词的意思被错误改变并且为错误意思所追随。只有偶尔的一个词源学家指出“皇帝的新衣服打满补丁”〔Abel〕In the Old Testament, the son of Adam and Eve who was slain by his elder brother, Cain.亚伯：《旧约》中亚当和夏娃的儿子，后被其兄该隐杀害〔patricide〕The act of murdering one's father.杀父：杀害自己父亲的行为〔Turnus〕An Italic king who waged unsuccessful war against Aeneas, who killed him.托那思：发动对抗埃涅阿斯战争的意大利国王，战败后被埃涅阿斯杀害〔butchery〕Wanton or cruel killing; carnage.血腥屠杀：无理或残暴的杀害；屠杀〔Oedipus〕A son of Laius and Jocasta, who was abandoned at birth and unwittingly killed his father and then married his mother.奥狄帕斯：莱厄斯和乔卡斯塔之子，在出生时即被抛弃，后在无意中杀害了他父亲尔后娶了他母亲〔fratricide〕-cīda [-cide] -cīda [后缀，杀害] 〔ride〕To transport to a place and kill.绑架某人并杀害〔Amritsar〕A city of northwest India near the Pakistan border. Founded in 1577 by the fourth guru of the Sikhs, Ram Das (1534-1581), it has remained the center of the Sikh faith. In the Amritsar massacre of April 13, 1919, hundreds of Indian nationalists were killed by British-led troops. Population, 594,844.阿姆里查：印度西北部城市，在巴基斯坦边界附近，由锡克教第四位上师拉姆达斯（1534-1581年）于1577年所建，一直作为锡克教的中心。在1919年4月13日的阿姆里查大屠杀中，成百上千的印度民族主义者被英国军队杀害，人口594,844〔Faisal〕King of Saudi Arabia (1964-1975) who used oil revenue to increase industrialization and improve educational and medical facilities. He was assassinated by his nephew.费瑟：沙特阿拉伯国王（1964-1975年），利用石油收入发展工业并改善了教育和医疗设施。他被其侄子杀害〔Achilles〕The hero of Homer'sIliad, the son of Peleus and Thetis and slayer of Hector. 阿喀琉斯：荷马史诗伊利亚特 中的英雄，是珀琉斯和忒弥斯之子，杀害赫克托耳的人 〔Evers〕American civil rights worker in Mississippi who was killed by a sniper soon after the broadcast of a pro-civil rights speech by President John F. Kennedy. His work was continued by his brotherCharles (born 1923). 埃瓦茨，梅德迦·韦雷：(1925-1963) 美国密西西比州的民权活动家，他在约翰·F·肯尼迪总统的支持民权的广播讲话之后不久被狙击手杀害。他未完的工作由他的兄弟查尔斯 继续（生于1923年） 〔Iliad〕The older of the two surviving ancient Greek epic poems, traditionally ascribed to Homer but containing material composed orally over several centuries. It begins with the wrathful withdrawal of the Greek hero Achilles from the fighting in the Trojan War and ends after his return to slay the Trojan hero Hector.伊里亚特叙式诗：两首仅存的古代希腊史诗中较古老的那一首，长久以来传为荷马所著，但包含着数个世纪以来以口述所创作的内容，其内容描述期间始于希腊英雄阿契里斯在特洛伊战争的打斗中愤怒地撤退，终于他回来杀害了特洛伊英雄海克特之后〔Surratt〕American alleged conspirator in Abraham Lincoln's assassination. She was convicted as a conspirator and executed along with three others, although it now appears that she knew nothing about the plot to kill the President.苏拉特，玛丽·尤金尼娅·詹金斯：(1820?-1865) 被指控为阿拉伯罕·林肯谋杀案同谋的美国人，她被作为同谋犯与其他三个人一道被定罪并处决，但现在看来她对杀害总统的阴谋一无所知〔infanticide〕īnfānticīda [killer of a child] īnfānticīda [杀害儿童者] 〔Aegisthus〕The son of Thyestes and lover of Clytemnestra. He helped Clytemnestra kill her husband Agamemnon upon Agamemnon's return from the Trojan War.埃癸斯托斯：梯厄斯忒斯的儿子，克吕泰墨斯特拉的情人。协助克吕泰末丝特拉在其夫阿伽门农从特洛伊战争中返回时将他杀害〔sororicide〕The killing of one's sister.杀害自己姐妹的行为：杀害自己亲姐妹的人〔Agrippina〕Roman empress. She murdered her husband, the emperor Claudius, so that her son by a previous marriage, Nero, would become emperor. Nero, distrusting his mother, had her murdered.阿格丽品娜：罗马皇后。她谋杀了丈夫克劳狄皇帝，以便使她与前夫所生之子尼禄能成为皇帝。尼禄因为不信任她而将其杀害〔holocaust〕When referring to the massive destruction of human beings by other human beings,holocaust has a secure place in the language. Fully 99 percent of the Usage Panel accepts the use ofholocaust in the phrase nuclear holocaust. Sixty percent accepts the sentenceAs many as two million people may have died in the holocaust that followed the Khmer Rouge takeover in Cambodia. But because of its associations with genocide,extended applications ofholocaust may not always be received with equanimity. When the word is used to refer to death brought about by natural causes,the percentage of the Panel's acceptance drops sharply.Only 31 percent of the Panel accepts the sentence holocaust 在指人类之间大规模的杀害时用法稳定。 百分之九十九的用法专题使用小组成员接受holocaust 在 nuclear holocaust 中的用法。 百分之六十的成员接受在红色高棉组织接管柬埔寨之后，高达两百万的民众死于那场大屠杀 。 但由于它和种族灭绝有一定联系，人们并不总能很平静地接受holocaust 的引申用法。 当用这个词表示由于自然灾害引起的死亡时，用法小组接受的百分比明显下降。只有百分之三十一的成员同意这样的用法： |
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