| 单词 | 杆子 |
| 释义 | 〔pole〕To strike, poke, or stir with a pole.用杆子击打、戳、或搅拌〔strut〕A bar or rod used to brace a structure against forces applied from the side.支柱：从旁侧支撑建筑物的木条或杆子〔scold〕A scold is no poet and a scolding is not poetry, at least to the one being scolded,but it seems that the wordscold has a poetic background. It is probable thatscold, which is first recorded in Middle English in a work probably composed around 1150, has a Scandinavian source that is related to the Old Icelandic wordskāld, "poet.” Middle Englishscolde may in fact mean "a minstrel,” but of that we are not sure.However, its Middle English meanings, "a ribald, abusive person" and "a shrewish, chiding woman,”may be related toskāld, as shown by the senses of some of the Old Icelandic words derived fromskāld. Old Icelandicskāldskapr, for example, meant "poetry" in a good sense but also "a libel in verse,” whileskāld-stöng meant "a pole with imprecations or charms scratched on it.” It would seem that libelous, cursing verse was a noted part of at least some poets' productions and that this association with poets passed firmly along with the Scandinavian borrowing into English.骂人者不是诗人，谩骂不是诗，至少对被骂的人来说是这样的，但是scold 这个词似乎有着诗的背景。 Scold 这个词在中世纪英语中第一次被记录在一部大约于1150年创作的作品中，它有可能源于斯堪的纳维亚语， 与skald 这个在冰岛古语中表示“诗人”的词有关。 中世纪英语中的scolde 实际上可能意为“吟游诗人”， 但对此没有肯定说法。然而，它在中世纪英语中的意思是“说脏话、辱骂人的人”和“悍泼的、好骂人的女人”，可能与skald 有关， 如一些起源于skald 的冰岛古词语的意思显示的那样。 例如，古冰岛语中的skaldskapr 其褒义为“诗”，但也有“诽谤性的诗”的意思, 而skald-stong 意思是“刻有诅咒或符咒的杆子”。 看来，诽谤、辱骂性的诗歌至少是一些诗人作品突出的部分并与诗人这种联系稳步地随斯堪的纳维亚语被借入英语中〔shin〕To climb (a rope or pole, for example) by gripping and pulling alternately with the hands and legs.攀爬：通过用手握住，然后交替用手和脚拉的方式爬（比如一根绳子或杆子）〔longhouse〕A long communal dwelling, especially of the Iroquois, typically built of poles and bark and having a central corridor with family compartments on either side.长屋：一种公共住宅，尤指易洛魁人的住宅。典型特点是用杆子和树干建成，中间有一条走廊，两侧有各家的房间〔dovecote〕A compartmental structure, often raised on a pole, for housing domesticated pigeons.鸽房：挂在杆子上让家鸽栖息的屋状结构〔doodlebug〕A divining rod.占卜杖：一枝神圣的杆子〔stilt〕Either of a pair of long, slender poles each equipped with a raised footrest to enable the user to walk elevated above the ground.高跷：一对长而细的杆子中的一个，每个都装有脚踏供使用者可以高于地面走路〔signpost〕A post supporting a sign that has information or directions.路标，指示标，标志杆：一根支撑一块写有信息或指示的杆子〔staple〕from Old English stapol [post, pillar] 源自 古英语 stapol [杆子，柱子] 〔traveler〕A metal ring that moves freely back and forth on a rope, rod, or spar.滑环：在一根绳、杆子或圆材上可以自由来回移动的金属环〔mattress〕A closely woven mat of brush and poles used to protect an embankment, a dike, or a dam from erosion.（用以护堤、坝等的）柴排，沉排，沉床：荆棘和杆子的密织席，用于保护堤、坝，使不受侵蚀〔stilt〕Any of various tall posts or pillars used as support, as for a dock or building:支柱：任一种用于支撑的高的杆子或柱子，如用于码头或建筑物：〔sweep〕A long pole attached to a pivot and used to raise or lower a bucket in a well.汲井水用的长杆：连在轴心上用于升降井里水桶的长杆子〔sprit〕A pole that extends diagonally across a fore-and-aft sail from the lower part of the mast to the peak of the sail.斜撑帆杆：从桅杆较低的部分到帆顶跨前后帆的斜撑船帆的杆子 |
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