| 单词 | 某人 |
| 释义 | 〔permit〕To grant consent or leave to (someone); authorize:批准，准许：承认或赞同（某人的观点）；批准：〔telephone〕To speak with (a person) by telephone.用电话与（某人）交谈〔lot〕One's fortune in life; fate.See Synonyms at fate 命运，运气：某人一生的运气；命运 参见 fate〔preclude〕To exclude or prevent (someone) from a given condition or activity:排除：把（某人）从特定的状态或活动中排除或除外：〔string〕To keep (someone) waiting or in a state of uncertainty.使（某人）不断等待或吊…的胃口〔birthday〕The anniversary of one's birth.生日：某人出生日期的周年纪念日〔score〕To succeed in seducing someone sexually.勾引：成功地用性勾引某人〔cook〕To ruin (one's) chances:破坏（某人的）机遇：〔telephone〕When one telephones someone else,one never gives a second thought to the linguistic and etymological processes illustrated by the wordtelephone. To begin with,the nountelephone is one of a class of technological and scientific words that are made up of combining forms, in this casetele- and -phone. These forms are derived from classical languages:tele- is from the Greek combining form tēle- or tēl-, a form of tēle, meaning "afar, far off,” while-phone is from Greek phōnē, "sound, voice.” Such words derived from classical languages can be put together in French or German,for example, as well as in English.Which language actually gave birth to them cannot always be determined.In this case Frenchtelephone (about 1830) seems to have priority. The word was used for an acoustic apparatus, as it originally was in English (1844).Alexander Graham Bell appropriated the word for his invention in 1876,and in 1877 we have the first instance of the verbtelephone meaning "to speak to by telephone.” The verb is an example of a linguistic process called functional shift.This occurs when we use a noun as a verb,an adjective as a noun, or a noun as an adjective.Thus, we are changing the syntactic function of the word,just as we do when wetelephone a friend. 当某人打电话给别人时，他决不会再想一想单词Telephone 所说明的语言学的和词源学的发展历程。 开始时，名词telephone 是由复合形式构成的一类技术和科学术语中的一个， 在这个例子中是tele- 和 -phone 。 这些形式来自于古典语言：tele- 来自于希腊语的复合形式 tele- 或 tel- （ tele 的形式，意为“在远处，遥远地”）， 而-phone 则来自希腊语 phone （“声音，嗓音”）。 这些来自古典语言的词可以在法语或德语中放在一起，例如，同英语一样。这些词到底诞生于哪一种语言通常无法确认。在这个例子中，法语telephone （大约于1830年）看起来出现较早。 这个单词正如它最初出现在英语中(1844年）的意思一样，在法语中它用于指声音设备。亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔在1876年用这个词指代他的发明物，1877年我们有了第一个意为“用电话与…交谈”的动词telephone 的实例。 这个动词是称为功能转移的语言学进程的一个例子。这种情况在我们将名词作为动词，将形容词作为名词或将名词作为形容词使用时就发生。这样，我们正在改变单词的句法功能，正如在我们打电话给 一位朋友时所做的一样 〔letter〕A written or printed communication directed to a person or an organization.信：发给某人或某种组织的书写或打印的通讯〔character〕Consistent with someone's general character or behavior:相符的：与某人特性或行为相符的：〔congenial〕Suited to one's needs or nature; agreeable:相宜的：适于某人需要或性格的；适合的：〔patronage〕The power to distribute or appoint people to governmental or political positions.授与职务的权力：分派或委任给某人政府职位或政治地位的权力〔incognita〕With one's identity disguised or concealed. Used of a woman.隐姓埋名的，化名的：用某人伪装或隐匿的身份地。用于女子〔bear〕To carry (oneself) in a specified way; conduct:举止：某人特殊的行为方式；举止：〔pardon〕To release (a person) from punishment; exempt from penalty:赦免：使免除（某人）处罚；解除惩罚：〔typecast〕To cast in an acting role akin or natural to one's own personality or fitted to one's physical appearance.分配角色：分配扮演一种和某人个性相近或自然的或和某人外表适合的角色〔money〕To live up to one's words; act according to one's own advice.按照某人的话生活；按照自己的建议行动〔clue〕To give (someone) guiding information:提供消息：提供给（某人）指导性的消息：〔coldshoulder〕To slight or snub (someone).冷落：轻视或怠慢（某人）〔ring〕To sound a bell in order to summon someone:按铃召唤：为了传唤某人而按铃：〔birthday〕The day of one's birth.生日：某人出生日期〔company〕One's companions or associates:同伴，朋友：某人的同伴或伙伴：〔mission〕A special assignment given to a person or group:任务，使命：派给某人或某团体的特殊任务：〔snooker〕To lead (another) into a situation in which all possible choices are undesirable; trap.欺骗：（把某人）带入一种各种选择都不好的境地；诓骗〔repatriate〕Late Latin repatriāre repatriāt- [to return to one's country] 后期拉丁语 repatriāre repatriāt- [回到某人的国家] 〔call〕To communicate the need for (someone) to return from one situation or location to a previous one:召回：通知需要（某人）从现状或位置返回到先前的状况或位置：〔away〕From one's possession:赠送：拿出某人的所有物：〔buy〕To believe in a person or movement or subscribe to an idea or theory:信任：相信某人或某运动或赞同某一观点或理论：〔overcompensate〕To pay (someone) too much; compensate excessively.对（某人）付款过多；过度地赔偿〔relax〕relax one's grip.松开某人的掌握〔vest〕To place (authority, property, or rights, for example) in the control of a person or group, especially to give someone an immediate right to present or future possession or enjoyment of (an estate, for example). Used within : 授权：给某人或者群体权威、财产或者权利，特别是给某人对当前或者将来财产或者享乐（如地产）的权利。与in 一起用： 〔announce〕To declare one's candidacy:宣布竞选：宣布某人的候选人身份：〔steer〕To maneuver (a person) into a place or course of action.See Synonyms at guide 操纵，控制：使（某人）进入一地区或行动路线 参见 guide〔trump〕trumped up a charge of conspiracy.诬陷（某人）反叛〔halloo〕Used to catch someone's attention.嘿：用于引起某人的注意〔accusation〕A charge of wrongdoing that is made against a person or other party.控告，指控：指控某人或其他诉讼当事人的过失〔chaw〕The use ofchaw for chew , in both the verb and the noun, is remarkably wide in its U.S. distribution,occurring in pronunciations from New England south to the Gulf States,throughout the Midwest,and westward to Colorado and California.Chaw has a wide range of senses in regional expressions. One meaning of the verb is "to bawl someone out": He chawed her good. A Southern sense is "to get the best of someone in a bantering contest" or simply "to embarrass": "That compliment sort of chawed me" (Publication of the American Dialect Society).The nounchaw can mean "a twist of chewing tobacco" or "an attachment or hold (on someone)”; for example, a flirtatious girl in South Midland states is "tryin' to git a chaw on a feller" (Dialect Notes).In areas where Irish immigrants were seeking work at the turn of the century,chaw was a derogatory term for an Irishman. 在名词以及动词形式上以chaw 代替 chew 的用法， 在美国分得尤为普遍，就发音上来说出现在从新英格兰南到海湾各州，整个中西部地区，以及往西直到科罗拉多和加利福尼亚。Chaw 在地区用法上意义范围很广。 动词的一个意义是“痛骂，大声训斥”： 他把她狠狠了骂了一顿。 在南部它指“在互相取笑中占了某人的上风”或者简单地指“使难堪”： “那句称赞让我有些难堪” （美国方言协会出版物）。Chaw 用作名词可以指“一撮咀嚼的烟草”或者“（对某人的）爱慕或占有”； 例如，一个中南部的卖弄风情的女人 “设法让一个小伙子迷上她” （方言笔记）。在本世纪初爱尔兰移民们寻找工作的地区，chaw 是对爱尔兰人的贬称 〔counterargument〕Something that undermines an argument or deters someone from action:反作用：使某论点变弱或使某人不采取行动的东西：〔train〕To cause (a plant or one's hair) to take a desired course or shape, as by manipulating.整形：使（一植物或某人头发）向希望的方向生长或成为所希望的形状，如通过巧妙处理 |
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