| 单词 | 查理二世 |
| 释义 | 〔Carolean〕Of or relating to Charles I or Charles II of England.英国查理一世，查理二世的：英国查理一世或查理二世的，与英国查理一世或查理二世有关的〔Oates〕English conspirator. His story of a Jesuit plot to assassinate Charles II (1678) resulted in the execution of many innocent Catholics.欧茨，提图斯：(1649-1705) 英国阴谋家。1678年他捏造耶稣会会员阴谋暗杀查理二世，使许多无辜天主教徒被处死刑〔Caroline〕Relating to the life and times of Charles I or Charles II of England.与英国查理一世或查理二世的生活和时代有关的〔Buckingham〕English courtier who was a prominent member of the influential group known as the Cabal that formed the ministry of Charles II after the Restoration. A vain and ambitious individual, Buckingham was dismissed for misconduct in 1674.白金汉：英王重臣，五大臣小集团的引人注目的成员。该集团曾组建王朝复辟后查理二世内阁。他是一个傲慢且怀野心的人，1674年因滥用职权被免职〔Godolphin〕English politician and financier who served as treasurer for Charles II, James II, William III, and Anne.戈尔多芬，锡德尼：(1645-1712) 英国政治家，金融家，做过查理二世，詹姆斯二世、威廉三世和安女王的财政大臣〔Worcester〕A borough of west-central England on the Severn River south-southwest of Birmingham. Oliver Cromwell and the Parliamentarian army gained their final victory over Charles II and the Scottish army here on September 3, 1651. Population, 73,900.伍斯特：英国中西部的自治市镇，位于伯明翰西南偏南的塞文河畔。奥利弗·克伦威尔和议会军在1651年9月3日在此地取得了对于查理二世和苏格兰军队的最后胜利。人口73,900〔cabal〕The history ofcabal reveals how a word can be transferred from one sphere of activity to another while retaining only a tenuous connection with its past. Ultimately from Hebrewbut transmitted to English probably by way of Medieval Latin and French,cabal is first recorded in English in 1616 in the sense "cabala.” Cabala was the name for the Hebrew oral tradition transmitted by Moses and also the name for a Jewish religious philosophy based on an esoteric interpretation of the Hebrew Scriptures.The notion "esoteric" is central to the development of this word in English,forcabal, probably following the sense development in French, came to mean "a tradition, special interpretation, or secret,” "a private intrigue" (first recorded in 1646-1647),and "a small body of intriguers" (first recorded in 1660).It is probably not coincidental thatcabal is found with these latter meanings during the mid-17th century, that time of plots and counterplots by Royalists and Parliamentarians.The word gained a false etymology when it was noticed that the five most influential ministers of Charles II were named Clifford, Arlington, Buckingham, Ashley, and Lauderdale.单词cable 的历史表现出一个单词在与其过去的含义仅保持微弱联系的情况下，如何能够从一个使用范围转向另一个范围。 最起始是源于希伯来语，但可能是通过中世纪的拉丁语和法语转化为英语，cabal 以“秘教”的含义在英语中最早载于1616年。 Cabala 是对摩西所传的希伯来口头传说的称谓， 也是对基于希伯来圣经神秘解说的犹太宗教哲学的称谓。“深奥的”这个概念对于这个英文单词的发展是很重要的，因为cabal 可能是沿用法语里发展起来的含义， 意为“传统，特殊的理解或秘密的，“个人阴谋”（最早记载于1646至1647年），以及“较小的阴谋者的联合体”（最早记载于1660年）。它可能与cabal 的17世纪中叶的后来含义并不一致， 在这一时期内充斥着保皇党人和议员们的阴谋和对策。由于注意到查理二世时期五位最有影响的大臣姓名分别为克利福德，阿灵顿，白金汉，阿什利和劳德戴尔（其姓名首字母合起来为CABAL），该词由此得来一错误的语源说明〔Monmouth〕English pretender to the throne. The illegitimate son of Charles II, he led a rebellion after the succession of the Catholic James II but was defeated in battle, captured, and beheaded.蒙默斯：英国觊觎王位者。查理二世的私生子，在基督教正统教会詹姆士二世继位后率兵反叛，但兵败后被俘并斩首〔Farquhar〕Irish playwright of the Restoration whose comedic works includeThe Recruiting Officer (1706) and The Beaux' Stratagem (1707). 法夸尔，乔治：(1678-1707) 英国查理二世复辟时代的爱尔兰剧作家，他的喜剧作品包括《招兵官》 （1706年）和 《爱情与瓶子》 （1707年） 〔Breda〕A city of southern Netherlands south-southeast of Dordrecht. It was founded in the 11th century. Charles II of England lived here before the Restoration in 1660. Population, 118,662.布莱达：荷兰南部一城市，位于多德瑞克东南偏南。建于11世纪。英王查理二世在1660年复辟前居于此。人口118,662〔Cromwell〕English military, political, and religious figure who led the Parliamentarian victory in the English Civil War (1642-1649) and called for the execution of Charles I. As lord protector of England (1653-1658) he ruled as a virtual dictator. His sonRichard (1626-1712) succeeded him briefly as lord protector (1658-1659) before the restoration of the monarchy under Charles II. 克伦威尔，奥利弗：(1599-1658) 英国军人、政治家和宗教领袖，他在英国内战时(1642-1649年）率领国会军队取得了胜利并要求处死查理一世。作为英格兰的护国公(1653-1658年），他实际上实行独裁统治。他的儿子理查德 (1626-1712年）在他之后继任护国公(1658-1659年），但不久以后就因查理二世的王政复辟而下台 〔Carolinian〕Caroline.与英国查理一世或查理二世的生活及其时代有关的〔restoration〕The period between the crowning of Charles II and the Revolution of 1688.王朝复辟时期：指查理二世的加冕与1688年大革命之间的时期〔Shaftesbury〕English politician. Originally a Royalist, he later opposed Charles II in the English Civil War and is considered the founder of the Whig Party.沙夫茨伯里：英国政治家。开始是保皇派，后来在英国内战中反对查理二世，被认为是辉格党的创始人〔Gwyn〕English actress. She was the lover of Charles II after c. 1668.格温，埃莉诺：(1650?-1687) 英国女演员，在1668年后成为查理二世的情妇 |
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