| 单词 | 查理斯 |
| 释义 | 〔boycott〕Charles C. Boycott seems to have been forced by his strong sense of duty into becoming a household word.Boycott was the estate agent of the Earl of Erne in County Mayo, Ireland.The earl was one of the absentee landowners who as a group held most of the land in Ireland.Boycott was chosen in the fall of 1880 to be the test case for a new policy advocated by Charles Parnell, an Irish politician who wanted land reform.Any landlord who would not charge lower rents or any tenant who took over the farm of an evicted tenant would be given the complete cold shoulder by Parnell's supporters.Boycott, a former British soldier, refused to charge lower rents and ejected his tenants.At this point members of Parnell's Irish Land League stepped in,and Boycott and his family found themselves isolated—without servants, farmhands, service in stores, or mail delivery.Boycott's name was quickly adopted as the term for this treatment,not just in English but in other languages such as French, Dutch, German, and Russian.查理斯·C·博伊考特看来是因为其强烈的责任感而成为一个家喻户晓的词。博伊考特是爱尔兰麦奥县俄内伯爵的房地产经纪人。俄内是占有爱尔兰大部分土地的不在地主集团中的一员。博伊考特于1880年秋季被选为一项新政策的试点，此项政策是由一个企图进行土地改革的爱尔兰政治家──查理斯·帕内尔提出的。那些不愿降低地租的地主或接管被驱逐佃户土地的佃农都被帕内尔的支持者疏远。作为原英军士兵的博伊考特，拒绝收取低地租并且驱逐佃户。此时帕内尔爱尔兰土地联盟成员插手了，博伊考特及其家人发现他们被孤立了──没有仆人，农业工人，得不到商店服务，也没有人送信。博伊考特的名字很快就被用作这种对待方法的专有名词，不仅用于在英语中，而且也用于如法语、荷兰语、德语和俄语的其他语言中〔opposite〕"It is said that opposite characters make a union happiest" (Charles Reade).“据说性格相反的两个人能够创造一种完美的结合” （查理斯·瑞德） 。〔Huntington〕A city of western West Virginia on the Ohio River west of Charleston. Founded in 1871 as a railroad terminus, it has glass and chemical industries. Population, 54,844.亨廷顿：美国西弗吉尼亚州西部城市，在查理斯顿市西边，濒俄亥俄河。1871年作为铁路终点城市始建，拥有玻璃和化学工业。人口54,844〔Richards〕British literary critic who helped Charles Ogden develop Basic English and was a founder of the New Criticism movement.理查兹，伊（沃尔）·阿（姆斯特朗）：(1893-1979) 英国文学批评家，他帮助查理斯·奥格登发展基础英语，并是新批评运动的一个创立者〔Pulaski〕Polish patriot and general who aided American forces in the Revolutionary War, commanding the defense of Charleston (1779) and leading a cavalry brigade in the siege of Savannah, during which he was mortally wounded.普瓦斯基，卡齐米尔：(1747-1779) 波兰爱国主义者和将军，在美国独立战争中曾支持美军，指挥了查理斯顿防御战(1779年）并在萨瓦纳之围时率领一个骑兵旅，在这场战斗中受重伤而牺牲〔envy〕"as thorough an Englishman as ever coveted his neighbor's goods" (Charles Kingsley).“象一个英国人一贯所做的那样垂涎邻居的财物” （查理斯·金斯利）〔orrery〕After Charles Boyle, Fourth Earl of Orrery (1676-1731), for whom one was made 源自查理斯·鲍依尔， 奥若瑞 四等伯爵(1676-1731年），太阳系仪的制作者 〔bouvardia〕after Charles Bouvard (1572-1658), French physician 源自查理斯 鲍伐德 （1572-1658年），法国医师 〔pangenesis〕A theory of heredity proposed by Charles Darwin in which gemmules containing hereditary information from every part of the body coalesce in the gonads and are incorporated into the reproductive cells.泛生论：查理斯·达尔文提出的遗传理论，阐述了含有来自身体每部分的遗传信息的胚芽在卵巢中的结合并组成生殖细胞〔boycott〕After Charles C. Boycott (1832-1897), English land agent in Ireland 源自查理斯·C 博伊考特 （1832-1897年），爱尔兰的英国土地独家代理商 〔tact〕"With the charms of beauty she combined the address of an accomplished intriguer" (Charles Merivale). “她将一个娴熟的私通者的灵巧和她动人的姿色结合起来” （查理斯·麦利维尔）。〔Carolean〕From Medieval Latin Carolus [Charles] 源自 中世纪拉丁语 Carolus [查理斯] 〔approve〕"The colonel or commanding officer approves the sentence of a regimental court-martial" (Charles James). “上校或指挥军官同意团队军事法庭” （查理斯·詹姆斯）。〔Wesley〕British religious leader who founded Methodism (1738). His brotherCharles (1707-1788) wrote thousands of hymns, including "Hark, the Herald Angels Sing.” 卫斯理，约翰：(1703-1791) 英国宗教领袖。他创建了卫理公会(1738年）。他的兄弟查理斯 (1707-1788年）写了上千首赞歌，书中包括“听，预言天使的歌唱” 〔Wesleyan〕Of or relating to John or Charles Wesley or to Methodism.约翰或查理斯·卫斯理的或卫理公会的或与之相关的〔bombast〕"Their eloquence is all bombast" (Charles Kingsley). “他们的雄辩是虚张声势” （查理斯·金斯勒）。〔Monck〕English general who was instrumental in the restoration of Charles II (1660) and supervised London during the plague of 1665.蒙克，乔治：(1608-1670) 英国将军，曾协助查理斯二世复位(1660年），并在1665年霍乱期间督察伦敦〔revere〕"She had worshiped intellect" (Charles Kingsley).“她具有令人敬慕的智力” （查理斯·金斯利）。〔mirth〕"Fan the sinking flame of hilarity with the wing of friendship;and pass the rosy wine" (Charles Dickens). “用友谊将正在熄灭的欢乐火焰重新扇起；并传递着玫瑰色的美酒” （查理斯·狄更斯）。 |
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