| 单词 | 标记 |
| 释义 | 〔vermicular〕Having wormlike markings; vermiculate.具有蠕虫状标记的；虫迹形的〔stage〕The height of the surface of a river or other fluctuating body of water above a set point:水位：在一个指定标记之上的河流水面的高度或者其它浮动的水体：〔benchmark〕[From the use of the mark as a place to insert an angle iron that serves as a support for a leveling rod] [由用于支撑水准标尺的角铁插入位置的标记而来] 〔denotation〕Something, such as a sign or symbol, that denotes.指示：有所指的事物，如标记或符号〔bear〕To have as a visible characteristic:标有：有明显标记：〔touch〕A discernible mark or effect left by contact with something.痕迹：与某物接触后留下的可辨认的标记或效果〔what〕Whenwhat is the subject of a clause, it may be construed as singular or plural, depending on the sense.It is singular when taken as the equivalent ofthat which or the thing which, as inI see what seems to be a dead tree; and it is plural when it is taken as the equivalent ofthose which or the things which, as inHe sometimes makes what seem to be gestures of aloofness. ? When awhat clause is itself the subject of a sentence, it may be construed as singular or plural,but the conditions governing this choice are somewhat more complicated.In general, awhat clause will be taken as a plural when the clause contains an explicit indication of its own plurality. There are two principal cases.First, the clause is plural ifwhat is the subject of the clause and the verb of the clause is itself plural: What seem to be two dead trees are blocking the road. What most surprise me are the inflammatory remarks at the end of his article. If the verb in thewhat clause does not anticipate the plural sense of the predicate in this way, a singular verb is generally used in the main clause as well,though the plural is sometimes found:What truly commands respect is (sometimes are ) a large navy and a resolute foreign policy. Second, thewhat clause is treated as plural when its predicate contains a plural noun phrase that unambiguously establishes the plurality of the clause as a whole, as inWhat traditional grammarians called "predicates" are called "verb phrases" by modern linguists. What the Romans established as military outposts were later to become important trading centers. In the absence of explicit plural marking of either of these types in a subjectwhat clause, the clause is usually treated as singular for the purposes of agreement, regardless of the sense:What she held in her lap was four kittens. What the apparent diamonds turned out to be was paste. In some cases, however, a clause withwhat as the subject may be treated as singular or plural, depending on a subtle distinction of sense. InWhat excite him most are money and power, the implication is that money and power are distinct elements; inWhat excites him most is money and power, the implication is that money and power are taken as constituting a single entity.See Usage Note at which 当what 作为从句中的主语时， 它既可被当作单数也可以为复数，这取决于词义。当被看作是that which 或 the thing which 时它就是单数， 如在I see what seems to be a dead tree（我看到个象棵死树的物体）” 这句话中； 当它被用作those which 或 the things which 的对应词时它是复数， 如在He sometimes makes what seem to be gestures of aloofness（他有时做一些似乎很超然的手势） 中。 当what 从句本身是句子的主语时， 它可被当作单数或复数，但决定这种选择的条件略为复杂些。总体上说，what 从句的含有对其数性明确指示时，它就可以将当作复数。 这有两种最主要的情况：首先，如果what 是从句的主语而该从句的谓语动词本身是复数，从句就是复数： What seem to be two dead trees are blocking the road.（象两棵死树的物体挡着路）； What mostsurprise me are the inflammatory remarks at the end of his article.（最令我吃惊的是他文章结尾处的煽动性言词） 。 如果what 从句的谓语动词并不预示谓语是复数， 主句中通常也用单数动词，尽管有时也可以发现有复数：What truly commands respect is（有时 are ) a large navy and a resolute foreign policy（真正博得尊敬的是强大的海军和坚定的外交政策） ； 其次what 从句在其谓语含有复数名词短语，并且其明显可建立整个从句的复数性时是被当作复数的， 如在What traditional grammarians called "predicates" are called "verb phrases" by modern linguists.（那些传统语法家所称为“谓语”的则被现代语言学家称作“动词短语”） What the Romans established as military outpostswere later to become important trading centers.（那些罗马人设为军事前哨基地的地方后来成为了重要的贸易中心）。 当what 从句主语缺乏这两类明确表示复数性的标记时， 从句通常为了一致性而不顾及词义地被当作单数：What she held in her lap was four kittens.（她抱在膝盖上的是四只小猫）。 What the apparent diamonds turned out to bewas paste.（那些看上去象真的钻石结果却是人造宝石） 。 然而，在一些情况下，以what 作主语的从句可被当单数或复数，取决于语义上微妙的差异。 在What excite him most are money and power（最让他兴奋的是金钱和权力）， 这句话中暗含着金钱和权力是不同的成分； 在What excites him most is money and power（最让他兴奋的是金钱和权力）， 这句话中暗含着金钱和权力是作为构成一个单一整体的成分 参见 which〔print〕To produce or receive an impression, a marking, or an image.给人某种印象：产生或接受印象、标记或图像〔warfare〕Military operations marked by a specific characteristic:特殊战争：以某个特殊特点为标记的军事作战行为：〔assign〕signāre [to mark] from signum [sign] * see sek w- 1signāre [标记] 源自 signum [记号] * 参见 sek w- 1〔rubbing〕A representation of a raised or indented surface made by placing paper over the surface and rubbing the paper gently with a marking agent such as charcoal or chalk.摹拓：将纸放在一个凹凸不平的表面上，然后轻轻地用木炭或粉笔等标记摩擦纸产生的印象〔uncharted〕Not charted or recorded on a map or plan:图上没有标明的：未在地图上或图上绘制或标记的：〔emblazon〕To inscribe (a prominent marking) on a surface:饰以标志：在表面刻上（醒目的标记）：〔stigmatize〕Medieval Latin stigmatizāre [to brand] 中世纪拉丁语 stigmatizāre [标记] 〔point〕To mark (text) with points; punctuate.给…加标点：用点符号来标记（文章）；加标点于…〔sculpture〕Ridges, indentations, or other markings, as on a shell, formed by natural processes.刻纹：通过自然过程形成的条纹、刻纹或者其它标记，如在贝壳上〔characterize〕To be a distinctive trait or mark of; distinguish:辨别：成为区别性特征或标记；突出：〔misogyny〕"Every organized patriarchal religion works overtime to contribute its own brand of misogyny"(Robin Morgan)“每一种有组织的男权信仰都不遗余力地贡献出自身的厌女标记”(罗宾·摩根)〔blank〕A mark, usually a dash (—), indicating the omission of a word or of a letter or letters.省略符号：一标记，通常为破折号（—），指一个单词或字母的省略〔crosshatch〕To mark or shade with two or more sets of intersecting parallel lines.用相交线表示阴影：用两组或多组相交平行线来标记或表现阴影〔indicia〕Markings on bulk mailings used as a substitute for stamps or cancellations.邮戳：包裹上替代邮票和注销记号的标记〔graffito〕The formgraffiti, based on the Italian plural, is far more common than the singular form graffito. Graffitiis often used as a singular noun. When the reference is to a particular inscription (as inThere was a bold graffiti on the wall ), the formgraffito would be etymologically correct but might strike some readers as pedantic outside an archaeological context.There is no substitute for the singular use ofgraffiti when the word is used as a mass noun to refer to inscriptions in general or to the related social phenomenon. The sentenceGraffiti is a major problem for the Transit Authority Police cannot be rewordedGraffito is . . . (since graffito can refer only to a particular inscription) or Graffiti are . . . , which suggests that the police problem involves only the physical marks and not the larger issue of vandalism.In such contexts,the use ofgraffiti as a singular is justified by both utility and widespread precedent. 基于意大利语的复数形式graffiti 远比单数形式 graffito更普遍。 Graffiti常用作单数名词。 当意指一特定涂鸦物（如在墙上有一处下流的涂鸦 中）， graffito 的形式在词形变化上是正确的， 但可能会在古文化语境外使一些人显得迂腐。graffiti 的单数作物质名词使用来指涂鸦的总称或相应的社会现象时，是没有替代词的。 句子：涂鸦是公共交通警察局遇到的主要难题 ， 不能用Graffito is … 来替换（因为 graffito 只能指一具体的涂鸦）或用 Graffiti are … 来替换， 因其意指警察的问题只涉及存在的标记而不是破坏公物的大问题。在这些语境中，graffiti 作为单数形式的使用是被广泛使用的先例所证实的 〔marker〕One that marks or serves as a mark, as:标志：标记或充当标志之物，如〔photomap〕A map made by superimposing orienting data and markings on an aerial photograph.照相地图：根据航空照片上附加的导向数据和标记而绘制成的地图〔fingerprint〕To identify by means of a distinctive mark or characteristic.指纹鉴定：以特殊的标记或特征来鉴别〔suggest〕a cloud that suggests a mushroom; a ringlike symbol suggesting unity.一朵让人想到蘑菇的云；让人想到团结的环状标记〔Novocain〕A trademark used for an anesthetic preparation of procaine.奴佛卡因：商业标记，用于普鲁卡因的麻醉准备〔hallmark〕A mark used in England to stamp gold and silver articles that meet established standards of purity.纯度标记：用于英国的标在金、银制品上的同设立的纯度标准相符的标记〔halfway〕a halfway sign on the trail.铁轨上的半程标记〔stigmatist〕A stigmatic.有圣伤痕标记的人〔stigma〕A mark or characteristic indicative of a history of a disease or abnormality.特征：显示具有某种病史或精神不正常的标记〔strobe〕A spot of higher than normal intensity in the sweep of an indicator, as on a radar screen, used as a reference mark for determining distance.作参照的指示点：在指示器的扫描中如在雷达屏幕上强度离于一般的点，用于测定距离的参照标记〔seal〕Something, such as a commercial hallmark, that authenticates, confirms, or attests.标记：确认、证实或证明的事物，如商业标志〔cauterize〕from Late Latin cautērizāre [to cauterize, brand] 源自 后期拉丁语 cautērizāre [烧灼，以烙铁打标记] 〔chevron〕A badge or insignia consisting of stripes meeting at an angle, worn on the sleeve of a military or police uniform to indicate rank, merit, or length of service.臂章：戴在军队或警察的制服袖子上表示等级、功绩或服役期的徽章或标记，图案为相交于一个角度的条纹〔antitype〕One that is foreshadowed by or identified with an earlier symbol or type, such as a figure in the New Testament who has a counterpart in the Old Testament.先前原形：先前的标记或模型所预示或表明的原形，如《新约》中的人物在《旧约》中有对应的形象〔benchmark〕Often bench mark A surveyor's mark made on a stationary object of previously determined position and elevation and used as a reference point in tidal observations and surveys. 常作 bench mark 水准点：在事先确定了位置和高度的固定物体上的测量标记，用作潮汐观察与测量的参照点〔ensign〕A national flag displayed on ships and aircraft, often with the special insignia of a branch or unit of the armed forces.国旗：挂于船只或飞机上的国旗，常带有部队分队或部队单位的特殊识别标记〔streaky〕Marked with, characterized by, or occurring in streaks.条纹的：有条纹标记，有条纹特点或出现条纹的〔yoke〕Any of various emblems of subjugation, such as a structure made of two upright spears with a third laid across them, under which conquered enemies of ancient Rome were forced to march in subjection.服从的象征，隶属的标记：一种隶属的象征，如两根直立长矛加另一横矛穿在他们中组成的结构，古罗马被征服军队被迫进行臣服 |
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