| 单词 | 根本 |
| 释义 | 〔mother〕A creative source; an origin:根本，源泉：创造性的源头；起源：〔dentist〕“Dentist figures [appears] now in our newspapers, and may do well enough for a French puffer [a writer of inflated advertisements];but we fancy Rutter is content with being called atooth-drawer. ” In this quotation from the September 15, 1759, issue of theEdinburgh Chronicle we seedentist in its infancy as an English word, trailing evidence of its French origin.If we had formed a word in English likedentist, which comes from the French word dent, "tooth,” we would havetoothist, a word that does not exist. Buttoothist and tooth-drawer lack the elegance of the French borrowing dentist, an elegance that is shared by other borrowings from French during the past four centuries,such asballet, champagne, coquette, coterie, and negligee. “Dentist 现在在我们的报纸里出现了， 可能常是法国吹嘘者宣传的对象；但是，我们猜测鲁特会对被称为tooth-drawer 的东西感到满意”。 在这段引自1759年9月15日的杂志爱丁堡年记 的话中， 我们看到dentist 最初是作为一个英语单词产生的， 它却起源于法语。如果我们当时在英语中构造了象dentist （它源于法语 dent ）的这样一个英语词"tooth"， 我们将会得到一个根本就不存在的形式：toothist 。 但是toothist 和 tooth-drawer 缺乏法语借用词 dentist 的高雅， 这种高雅为其他在这四百年里从法语中借用的词所共有，如ballet，champagne，coquette，coterie 和 negligee 〔really〕The horseshoe crab isn't really a crab at all.其实根本就不是螃蟹〔begin〕Those measures do not even begin to address the problem.那些措施根本不能触及问题所在〔whatever〕Of any kind at all:丝毫的，根本的：〔gastropod〕Any of various mollusks of the class Gastropoda, such as the snail, slug, cowrie, or limpet, characteristically having a single, usually coiled shell or no shell at all, a ventral muscular foot for locomotion, and eyes and feelers located on a distinct head.腹足动物：属于腹足纲的任何一种软体动物，如蜗牛、蛞蝓、海蛙或帽贝，特征是具有一单个通常是卷起来的壳或根本无壳，有为了移动的腹足、眼睛和触角生于头部一显要位置〔severe〕"He could not be severe nor even passably strict" (W.H. Hudson).“他根本不能做到严厉，甚至连稍稍严格一点都做不到” (W.H.哈得孙）〔origin〕 Root often denotes what is considered the fundamental cause of or basic reason for something: Root 经常表示被认为是事物的根本起因或基本原因。 〔agitprop〕Something, such as a film, that is designed to impress a certain political or social perspective on its audience, with little or no consideration given to accuracy:政治宣传品：如电影一类的东西，目的是给观众施加政治的或社会的影响，很少考虑或根本不考虑其准确性：〔central〕Of basic importance; essential or principal:起支配作用的：基础重要性的；根本的或主要的：〔central〕"Performance, including technological invention and artistic creation, will become central to education at all levels"(Frederick Turner)“创作，包括科技发明和艺术创造，将成为各层次教育的根本”(弗雷德里克·特纳)〔anything〕To any degree or extent; at all:全然，根本：任何程度或范围；全然，根本：〔least〕I don't mind in the least.我根本就不在意〔gimcrack〕A cheap and showy object of little or no use; a gewgaw.华而不实：便宜而花哨的东西，几乎或根本没用；小玩意儿〔anywhere〕To any extent or degree; at all:全然，根本：在任何范围或程度上；全然，根本：〔basic〕Of, relating to, or forming a base; fundamental:根本的：属于、关于或构成基础或本质的；基本的：〔half〕"Fancy housing? Not half likely, ma'am"(Russell Baker)“上妓院?根本不可能，女士”(拉塞尔·巴克)〔manufacture〕"His books seem to have been manufactured rather than composed"(Dwight Macdonald)“他的作品是粗制滥造出来的，根本谈不上是创作”(德怀特·麦克唐纳)〔chief〕attending primary school. It can also mean first in the sense of "basic" or "fundamental": 上小学。 它也可以指在“基础的”或“根本的”意义上第一位的： 〔wheresoever〕In, to, or from whatever place at all; wherever.无论哪里：根本不管在、到、从什么地方；无论哪里〔anything〕I was anything but happy about going.我根本不喜欢去〔simple〕Being a fundamental or rudimentary element; basic.基本的：根本或基本元素的；基础的〔give〕"My dear, I don't give a damn"(Margaret Mitchell)“亲爱的，我根本不在乎”(玛格丽特·米切尔)〔mother〕Philosophy is the mother of the sciences.哲学为科学的根本〔primary〕One that is fundamental, basic, or elemental.要素：根本的，基本的或必要的人〔ultimate〕Fundamental; elemental:基本的；根本的：〔kind〕Fundamental, underlying character as a determinant of the class to which a thing belongs; nature or essence.本质，天性：基础的和根本的特性，如一种事物归属种类的决定因素；天性或本质〔moment〕An essential or constituent element, as of a complex idea.环节：一种根本的或组成的成分，如一种复杂思想的〔less〕I'm not blaming anyone, much less you.我根本就没有责怪任何人，更不用说你了〔pant〕It would seem unlikely that the name of a 4th-century Roman Catholic saint should be the ultimate source of a word for a modern article of clothing commonly worn by both men and women.Pants, however, can be traced back to Pantaleon, the patron saint of Venice. He became so closely associated with the inhabitants of that citythat the Venetians became popularly known asPantaloni. Consequently, among the commedia dell'arte's stock characters the representative Venetian (a stereotypically wealthy but miserly merchant) was calledPantalone. His name in French,Pantalon, was borrowed into English (first recorded around 1590). During the middle of the 17th centurythe French came to identify him with one particular style of trousers,and this same style became known aspantaloons in English. Pantaloons was later applied to another style of trousers that came into fashion toward the end of the 18th century, tight-fitting garments that had begun to replace knee breeches.After thatpantaloons was used to refer to trousers in general. The last step in the development of the wordpants met with some resistance. This abbreviation ofpantaloon was considered vulgar and, as Oliver Wendell Holmes put it,"a word not made for gentlemen, but ‘gents.’”First found in the writings of Edgar Allan Poe in 1840,pants has replaced the "gentleman's word" in English and has lost all obvious connection to Saint Pantaleon.看起来一位公元4世纪的罗马天主教徒的名字似乎不可能是这个做为男人和女人平常都穿的布做的现代物品的根本词源。Pants 但可以追溯到奥塔莱昂，威尼斯的庇护神。 他变得与这座城市里的居民联系得这样紧密，以至于威尼斯人也通俗的被称为Pantaloni 。 结果，在即兴喜剧的角色中那个有代表性的威尼斯人（一个愚富而吝啬的商人）被称作Pantalone。 他的法语名字Panlalon 被借用到英语中（初次记录大约在1590年）。 在17世纪中期，法国人开始把它与一种特殊类型的裤子等同起来，同一种类型的裤子在英语中是pantaloons 。 Pantaloons 后来被用作另一种类型的裤子并在18世纪末日渐流行， 紧身衣服已经开始取代齐膝马裤。在那以后，pantaloons 被用来泛指裤子。 在pants 一词发展的最后遇到了一些阻力。 Pantaloon 的缩写被认为是粗俗的， 并且正如奥立弗·温德尔·霍姆斯所说，“并不是为绅士而造的词，而是为‘家伙们所造’”。最早在1840年发现于艾德加·爱伦·坡的作品中，pants 在英语中已经替代了那个“绅士的语言”， 而且显然已失去了和圣奥塔莱昂的一切联系〔bottom〕The basic underlying quality; the source:起源：根本，基础；来源：〔see〕"I saw the pots . . . red-hot . . . and observed that they did not crack at all" (Daniel Defoe).“我看见缸子…又红又热…而且发现它们根本就不会破裂” （丹尼尔·狄佛）。〔knowledge〕"Some have criticized his poetry as elitist, unnecessarily impervious to readers who do not share his erudition" (Elizabeth Kastor).“有人批评他的诗是精英主义的诗歌，那些没有他那种学识的人根本看不懂，这完全没有必要” （伊丽莎白·卡斯特）。〔inconsistent〕Incompatible implies conflict or an inability to coexist,as between persons of differing temperaments or things marked by fundamental differences or contradictions: Incompatible 指冲突或无法共存，如在不同性情的人之间或存在着根本区别或冲突的事物之间： 〔ultimate〕The basic or fundamental fact, element, or principle.基本或根本的事实、因素或原则〔warehouse〕To institutionalize (people) in usually deficient housing and in conditions in which medical, educational, psychiatric, and social services are below par or absent:不良安置：把（人）置入到医疗、教育、精神病和社会服务低于社会平均水平或根本不存在这些服务的差劲的房子或条件中去：〔source〕The point at which something springs into being or from which it derives or is obtained.来源：某事物形成、起源或取得的根本〔just〕Suitable or proper in nature; fitting:恰当的：根本上适合的或适宜的；相称的：〔primarily〕Chiefly; mainly:主要的；根本的：〔distinction〕"the crucial distinction between education and indoctrination"(A. Bartlett Giamatti)See Synonyms at difference “教育和灌输学说的根本不同之处”(A.巴特利特·贾马泰伊) 参见 difference |
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