| 单词 | 梅毒 |
| 释义 | 〔treponema〕Any of a group of spirochetes of the genusTreponema, including those that cause syphilis, pinta, and yaws. 密螺旋体：任一种密螺旋体 属螺旋体的群体，包括那些引起梅毒、品他病和雅司病的各种螺旋体 〔syphilitic〕from syphilis [syphilis] * see syphilis 源自 syphilis [梅毒] * 参见 syphilis〔reagin〕A substance present in the blood of individuals having a positive serological test for syphilis.梅毒反应毒：个体血液中的一种物质，可对梅毒产生向性血清反应〔syphiloid〕Characteristic of or resembling syphilis.梅毒特征的或类梅毒的〔myxomatosis〕A highly infectious, usually fatal disease of rabbits that is caused by a pox virus and is characterized by many skin tumors similar to myxomas.多发性粘液瘤；粘液瘤病：一种高度传染的、通常是兔子患的致命性疾病，由梅毒病毒引起，而且特征为许多类似于粘液瘤的皮肤瘤〔gumma〕A small, rubbery granuloma that has a necrotic center and is enclosed by an inflamed, fibrous capsule. It is characteristic of an advanced stage of syphilis.梅毒瘤：一种小的橡胶肉牙瘤，中心坏死，周围包裹着一层发炎的纤维状外囊。为梅毒的后期症状〔Noguchi〕Japanese-born American bacteriologist who discovered the cause and worked toward a treatment of syphilis and yellow fever.野口，英世：(1876-1928) 日本裔美籍细菌学家，发现梅毒和黄热病的病因和治疗该病的方法〔syphilis〕A chronic infectious disease caused by a spirochete(Treponema pallidum), either transmitted by direct contact, usually in sexual intercourse, or passed from mother to child in utero, and progressing through three stages characterized respectively by local formation of chancres, ulcerous skin eruptions, and systemic infection leading to general paresis. 梅毒：一种慢性传染病，由螺旋体（苍白密螺旋体） 引起，或通常由性交时的直接接触传染，或由母亲传染给子宫内的婴儿。它经过三个阶段，症状分别为局部下疳形成，皮肤溃疡和一般导致局部瘫痪的全身感染 〔candelilla〕A shrubby spurge(Euphorbia antisyphilitica) native to southwest Texas and Mexico, having densely clustered, erect, essentially leafless stems that yield a multipurpose wax. 蜡大戟：原产于得克萨斯西南和墨西哥的一种灌木状大戟植物（抗梅毒大戟 大戟属） ，具有紧密丛生的、直立的、基本无叶的茎干，从中可提取一种多用途的蜡 〔neoarsphenamine〕A yellow powder, C13H 13As 2N 2NaO 4S, containing arsenic, formerly used in the treatment of syphilis and yaws. 新胂凡纳明：一种黄色粉末，C13H 13As 2N 2NaO 4S，含砷，以前用于治疗梅毒和雅司病 〔spirochete〕Any of various slender, spiral, motile bacteria of the order Spirochaetales, many of which are pathogenic, causing syphilis, relapsing fever, yaws, and other diseases.螺旋体：螺旋体目各种细长的、螺旋形的游走细菌，其中许多是病原性的，能引起梅毒、回归热，雅司病及其他疾病〔syphilis〕In 1530 Girolamo Fracastoro, a physician, astronomer, and poet of Verona,published a poem entitled "Syphilis, sive Morbus Gallicus,” translated as "Syphilis, or the French Disease.” In Fracastoro's poem the name of this dreaded venereal disease is an altered form of the hero's name,Syphilus. The hero, a shepherd, is supposed to have been the first victim of the disease. Where the nameSyphilus itself came from is not known for certain, but it has been suggested that Fracastoro borrowed the name from Ovid'sMetamorphoses. In Ovid's work Sipylus (spelledSiphylus in some manuscripts) is the oldest son of Niobe, who lived not far from Mount Sipylon in Asia Minor.Fracastoro's poem about Syphilus was modeled on the story of Niobe.Although the etymology involving Sipylus was known to the editors of theOxford English Dictionary, it was not accepted as their last word on the subject.C.T. Onions, one of the dictionary's editors, writing in theOxford Dictionary of English Etymology, says that “ Syphilus [the shepherd's name] is of unkn[own] origin.” Fracastoro went on to use the termsyphilis again in his medical treatise De Contagione, published in 1546. The word that Fracastoro used in Latin was eventually borrowed into English, being first recorded in 1718.1530年，吉罗拉莫·弗拉卡斯特罗，一位医生，天文学家，也是维罗纳的诗人，发表了名为"Syphius, sive Morbus Gallicus"的诗，译作“梅毒，或法国疾病”。在弗拉卡斯特罗的诗中，这种可怕的性病的名字是主人公名字 Syphilus（西弗乐斯） 的变体。 主人公是一名牧羊人，据认为是该病的第一个受害者。 Syphilus（西弗乐斯） 这一名字本身的来源并不明确， 但有人认为弗拉卡斯特罗是从奥维德的变形记 中借用的。 在奥维德的作品中，西皮卢斯（Sipylus）（有些版本写作Siphylus ）是尼俄柏的大儿子， 他住在小亚细亚的锡皮劳恩山附近。弗拉卡斯特罗的有关西弗乐斯的诗是以尼俄柏的故事为原型的。尽管牛津英语词典 的编者们知道有关西弗乐斯的词源， 这种词源解释还没有被最终确认下来。该词典的编者之一，C·T·奥尼恩斯在牛津英语词源 中写道“ 西弗乐斯 的词源不详”。 在弗拉卡斯特罗发表于1546年的医学论文传染病 中，他继续用 梅毒 这一词语。 弗拉卡斯特罗用的这一拉丁语词是终被借用进英语，其最早的记录出现于1718年〔arsphenamine〕A yellow hygroscopic powder, C12H 12As 2N 2O 2·2HCl·2H 2O, formerly used to treat syphilis. 胂凡纳明：一种吸湿性黄色粉末C12H 12As 2N 2O 2·2HCl·2H 2O，曾用以治疗梅毒 〔chancroid〕A soft, highly infectious, nonsyphilitic venereal ulcer of the genital region, caused by the bacillusHemophilus ducreyi. Also called soft chancre 软下疳：一种软而具高度传染性的生殖器官区的非梅毒性病溃疡，由细菌杜雷克嗜血杆菌 引起 也作 soft chancre〔syphilitic〕Of, relating to, or affected with syphilis.梅毒的：梅毒的、与梅毒有关的或患梅毒的〔bubo〕An inflamed, tender swelling of a lymph node, especially in the area of the armpit or groin, that is characteristic of certain infections, such as plague and syphilis.腹股沟淋巴结炎：淋巴结的感染了的小肿块，尤指在腋窝和腹股沟处，是鼠疫和梅毒感染的症状〔chancre〕A dull red, hard, insensitive lesion that is the first manifestation of syphilis.下疳：一种暗红色坚硬不敏感的引起机能障碍的一种病，为梅毒的初期症状〔syphilis〕from Syphilis, sive Morbus Gallicus ["Syphilis, or the French Disease,” title of a poem by Girolamo Fracastoro (1478?-1553)] 源自 Syphilis, sive Morbus Gallicus [“梅毒，或法国疾病”，是吉罗拉莫·弗拉卡斯特罗（1487?-1553年）写的一首诗的题目] 〔roseola〕A rose-colored skin rash, sometimes occurring with diseases such as measles, syphilis, or scarlet fever.蔷薇疹，玫瑰疹：一种有时与麻疹、梅毒或猩红热等疾病并发的玫瑰色皮肤疹〔seronegative〕Showing a negative reaction to a test on blood serum for a disease, especially syphilis or AIDS.血清反应阴性的：因疾病在血清实验中显示阴性反应的，尤指梅毒或艾滋病〔spirochetosis〕Any of various diseases, such as syphilis, caused by infection with spirochetes.螺旋体病：由螺旋体感染而引起的一种疾病，如梅毒 |
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