| 单词 | 正在 |
| 释义 | 〔mark〕Mark her expression of discontent. Mark my words: they are asking for trouble.注意她不满的表现。听我说：他们正在找麻烦〔race〕an engine that was racing.正在飞速转动的引擎〔run〕The engine is running.发动机正在运转〔Keene〕British-born actress and the first major woman theatrical producer in the United States. She performed inOur American Cousin at Ford's Theater on the night of Abraham Lincoln's assassination (April 14, 1865). 基涅，劳拉：(1826?-1873) 英裔女演员，美国最早的主要戏剧制作人。林肯遇刺（1865年4月14号）当晚她正在福特剧院上演《我们的美国表兄》 〔support〕"the policy of Cromwell, who supported the growing power of France against the declining power of Spain" (William E.H. Lecky).Touphold is to maintain or affirm in the face of a challenge or strong opposition: “支持正在强大起来的法国反对正在哀弱下去的西班牙的克伦威尔政策” （威廉·E·H·莱基）。Uphold 指在面临挑战和强烈对抗时的镇定和坚定： 〔catch〕caught her gazing out the window.突然意识到她正在注视窗外〔transmembrane〕Passing or occurring across a membrane.通过或正在穿越膜状物〔economics〕"Economics are slowly killing the family farm"(Christian Science Monitor)“经济情况正在使家庭农场慢慢解体”(基督教科学箴言报)〔catch〕To detect (another) in the act or process of wrongdoing.侦测错误：侦测（另一人）正在犯错的行为或过程〔scarecrow〕A crude image or effigy of a person set up in a field to scare birds away from growing crops.稻草人：竖在田里以吓走鸟类接近正在生长中的作物的粗糙的人型或模拟像〔ax〕To understand the origin of the idiomax to grind, we need to know thatgrind means "to sharpen.” This phrase is said to have come from a story by the 19th-century journalist Charles Miner (alias Poor Robert) about a seemingly friendly manwho was able by flattery to persuade a young boy to turn a grindstone for him.The tale first appeared in the Luzerne, Pennsylvania,Federalist on September 7, 1810, under the title "Who'll Turn Grindstones?” and later in an 1815 book entitledEssays from the Desk of Poor Robert the Scribe. Because "Poor Robert" was confused with "Poor Richard,”the story has often been erroneously attributed to Benjamin Franklin.The idiom itself is an Americanism—a word or expression originating in the United States.It was at first restricted to political contexts,but quotations from James Joyce ("Skin-the-Goat . . . evidently with an axe to grind, was airing his grievances")and George Bernard Shaw ("distinguished statesmen of different nations . . . each with a national axe to grind") attest that the phrase has traveled abroad and,as we know only too well, is no longer found only in political contexts.为了理解成语ax to grind 的出处， 我们需要知道grind 意思是“磨尖”。 这个短语据说出自19世纪旅行家查尔斯·麦纳（别名穷罗伯特）所写的关于一个似乎很友善的人的故事，他能够奉承地劝说一名男孩为他翻过一块磨光石。这个传说第一次出现在1810年9月7日宾夕法尼亚州的卢泽恩，在1810年9月7日题为“谁将推翻磨石”的联邦制拥护者 中提到， 之后1815年又在名为作家穷·罗伯特文集 一书中提到。 因为"poor Robert和"poor Richard"易被弄混淆，这个故事经常被错误地认为是本杰明·弗兰克林创作的。这个成语本身是美国式的词或表达源于美国。一开始被限于在政治性言词的情况中使用，但是从以下的引文表明这个短语已广泛地传播，一个是引于詹姆斯·琼斯（“这个显然别有企图的披着人皮的狼，正在诉苦”），另一个引自乔治·萧伯纳（“辨认出不同国家的人…每个国家都有自己国家的打算”），正如我们所熟知的，它不会只在政治性言论的上下文间才可以找到的〔ted〕In 15th-century Englandthe verbted meant to spread newly cut hay to facilitate its drying. In the mid-19th centuryan American inventor produced a machine to ted the hay automaticallyand called it atedder. Since modern English is inclined to make verbs out of nouns meaning implements or machines,the nountedder became a verb with the same meaning as the original word ted. Tedder, a New England verb,also turns up in those parts of the Midwest that received settlers from New England.在15世纪的英格兰，动词ted 意为铺开新割的草来加速它的干燥。 在19世纪中叶，一位美国发明家制造了能自动摊晒干草的机器，并称之为翻晒机 。 自从现代英语正在倾向于将意为工具或机器的名词变成动词以来，名词tedder 变成了意思与其源词 ted Tedder 一样的动词， 一个新英格兰的动词，也出现在接受从新英格兰来的移民的中西部的地区〔work〕Something that one is doing, making, or performing, especially as an occupation or undertaking; a duty or task:职务，任务：某人正在干、做或实行的某事，尤指作为职业或事业；义务或任务：〔boil〕"Those tumbling boils show a dissolving bar and a changing channel there"(Mark Twain)“汹涌翻滚的河水显示出那里有一个正在缩小沙洲和改道的航道”(马克·吐温)〔escalate〕"a deepening long-term impasse that is certain to escalate"(Stewart L. Udall)“（事态）正在加深为长时间的僵局”(斯图尔特L.尤德尔)〔albescent〕Becoming white or moderately white; whitish.正在变白的，带白色的：正在变成白色或变得微带白色的；带有白色的〔stop〕To put an end to what one is doing; cease:停止，结束：停止某人正在做的事；停止：〔retrofit〕Something that has been retrofitted or that has undergone retrofitting.改进：已经或正在经受装备的东西〔bear〕Financial pressures are bearing down on them.经济压力正在对他产生影响〔harness〕On duty or at work.在职或正在工作〔serendipity〕We are indebted to the English author Horace Walpole for coining the wordserendipity. In one of his 3,000 or more letters, on which his literary reputation primarily rests,and specifically in a letter of January 28, 1754,Walpole says that "this discovery, indeed, is almost of that kind which I call Serendipity, a very expressive word.”Perhaps the word itself came to him by serendipity.Walpole formed the word on an old name for Sri Lanka,Serendip. He explained that this name was part of the title of "a silly fairy tale, calledThe Three Princes of Serendip : as their highnesses traveled, they were always making discoveries, by accidents and sagacity, of things which they were not in quest of . . . One of the most remarkable instances of thisaccidental sagacity ( for you must observe thatno discovery of a thing you are looking for, comes under this description) was of my Lord Shaftsbury [Anthony Ashley Cooper],who happening to dine at Lord Chancellor Clarendon's [Edward Hyde],found out the marriage of the Duke of York [later James II] and Mrs. Hyde [Anne Hyde, Clarendon's daughter], by the respect with which her mother [Frances Aylesbury Hyde] treated her at table.”我们非常感激英国作家霍勒斯·沃尔浦尔创造了单词serendipity。 他文学上的声誉主要依靠他的三千封或更多的信件中的一封，尤其是写于1754年一月二十八日的信中，沃尔浦尔说道“这一发现，实际上几乎是我称作意外发现珍奇事物的本领，一个非常有意味的词。”可能他得到这个单词也是靠意外发现珍奇事物的本领。沃尔浦尔创造这个词源自斯里兰卡的旧称Serendip 。 他解释说这个名字是“一个朴素的神话故事，称作The Three Princes of Serendip （斯里兰卡的三个王子）的童话”的名字的一部分： 当这些殿下旅行时，他们总是通过意外和精明地发现他们并没有寻求的东西…这种accidental sagacity（意外的聪慧） 的最著名的实例( 你必须注意到根据这种描述你没有 发现你 正在 寻找的东西） 是我的沙夫茨伯里老爷，偶然在钱塞勒·克拉伦登老爷处用餐时，发现了约克的杜克同海德夫人的婚事是根据她的母亲在吃饭款待她时发现的”〔Leighton〕British painter noted for his simple and precise style. Among his works areVenus Disrobing (1867) and The Garden of the Hesperides (1892). 莱顿，弗雷德里克：(1830-1896) 英国画家，以其简洁精确的风格而著称。他的作品有《正在脱衣的维纳斯》 （1867年）和 《赫斯珀里得斯的金苹果园》 （1892年） 〔decalescence〕A sudden slowing in the rate of temperature increase in a metal being heated, caused by endothermic structural changes and resulting in a darkening of the metal.等温吸热，退辉：正在加热的金属，其温度的升高速度骤然减慢，由吸收了热能的结构变化引起,并导致金属的颜色变黑〔stay〕"Your father is waiting for me to take a walk with him" (Booth Tarkington).“你的父亲正在等我和他一起散步” （布斯·塔金顿）。〔give〕To abandon what one is doing or planning to do. Often used withon : 中止：放弃某人正在做的或打算做的。常与on 一起用： 〔retract〕a plane retracting its landing gear.See Synonyms at recede 正在拉回起落架的飞机 参见 recede〔expound〕The professor was expounding on a favorite topic.教授正在对一个令人喜欢的话题详加陈述〔now〕goods now on sale; the now aging dictator.现售货物；现在正在衰老下去的独裁者〔retrofit〕an industrial plant that was retrofitting to meet new safety regulations.正在重新装备工业企业以满足适应新的安全规则〔retrainee〕One who is being or has been retrained.接受再训练者：正在或已被再次训练的人〔meanwhile〕The court is deliberating; meanwhile, we must be patient.See Usage Note at meantime 法庭正在审议；这段时间内，我们必须要小心 参见 meantime〔isoflavone〕One of a family of phytoestrogens found chiefly in soybeans that is under investigation for its preventive health benefits as a nutritional supplement.大豆异黄酮：主要发现于黄豆中一种雌激素，正在研究其是否具预防疾病的健康功能以作为营养补给品〔afoot〕plans afoot to resign.正在放弃的计划〔tow〕a tugboat towing a barge.See Synonyms at pull 正在拖一艘驳船的拖船 参见 pull〔underclass〕"America can no longer afford racism and a neglect of the underclass"(Lance Morrow)"Divorced women and their children are becoming a new underclass"(Barbara Fisher Williamson)“美国已无法再承受种族歧视和忽视穷人所带来的损失”(兰斯·莫罗)“离婚妇女和她们的孩子正在形成新的社会最低层”(芭芭拉·费希尔·威廉逊)〔working〕Often workings The parts of a mine or quarry that have been or are being excavated. 常作 workings 矿坑：矿井或采石场已经被或正在被挖掘的部分〔catechumen〕One who is being taught the principles of Christianity.新入教者：正在被授以基督教教义的人〔up〕a contract that is up for renewal.一份正在被考虑是否予以续签的合同〔starveling〕One that is starving or being starved.饥饿者：正在挨饿的人〔canescent〕Turning white or grayish.正在变成白色或灰色的 |
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