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释义 〔fizzle〕In Philemon Holland's 1601 translation of Pliny'sNatural History, we are surprised by the use of the wordfizzle in the statement that if asses eat a certain plant,"they will fall a fizling and farting.” Fizzle was first used in English to mean,in the decorous parlance of theOxford English Dictionary, "to break wind without noise.” During the 19th centuryfizzle took on a related but more respectable sense, "to hiss, as does a piece of fireworks,”illustrated by a quotation from the November 7, 1881, issue of theLondon Daily News: "unambitious rockets which fizzle doggedly downwards.”In the same centuryfizzle also took on figurative senses, one of which seems to have been popular at Yale.TheYale Literary Magazine for 1849 helpfully defines the word as follows: “Fizzle, to rise with modest reluctance, to hesitate often, to decline finally; generally, to misunderstand the question.”The figurative sense offizzle that has caught on is the one with which we are most familiar today, "to fail or die out.”在腓利门荷兰1601年对普林尼的博物志 中, 我们对fizzle 一词的用法感到很惊讶, 它说如果驴吃了某种植物,“他们就会放屁。” Fizzle 首先在英语中指“无声地放屁,”是在牛津英语字典 的高雅用语中出现的。 在19世纪,fizzle 有了一个相关的但更文雅的含义, “发嘶嘶声,如同烟火那样,”这个词义是通过1881年11月7日的伦敦每日新闻 的引文说明的: “抱负不大的火箭,它们顽固地嘶嘶下坠。”同一世纪,fizzle 还赋与了比喻义, 其中的一个比喻义似乎在耶鲁大学很流行。1849年的耶鲁文学杂志 给这个词下了一个有益的定义: “Fizzle, 不十分情愿地上升,常犹豫不决,最终放弃; 通常是弄错问题。”人们已接受的fizzle 的比喻义, 即今天我们最为熟悉的“失败或消失”〔Knox〕American soldier, politician, and publisher of theChicago Daily News (1931-1944). The 1936 Republican nominee for Vice President, he was U.S. secretary of the navy (1940-1944) during World War II. 诺克斯,威廉·富兰克林:(1874-1944) 美国士兵、政治家兼《芝加哥每日新闻》 的出版人(1931-1944年)。他是1936年共和党的副总统提名候选人,二战期间任海军部长(1940-1944年) 〔Patterson〕American family of journalists, includingRobert Wilson Patterson (1850-1910), editor in chief of the Chicago Tribune (1899-1910). His son Joseph Medill Patterson (1879-1946) founded (1919) the New York Daily News, and his daughter Eleanor Medill Patterson (1884-1948) founded (1939) the Washington Times-Herald. 帕特森:美国记者之家,包括罗伯特·威尔逊·帕特森 (1850-1910年), 《芝加哥论坛报》 (1899-1910年)主编。他的儿子 约瑟夫·梅迪尔·帕特森 (1879-1946年),1919年创立了 《纽约每日新闻》 ,他的女儿 埃利诺·梅迪尔·帕特森 (1884-1948年)于1939年创立了 《华盛顿时代先锋报》 〔plank〕"Boards specially made for planking food have grooves . . . to hold juices"(Springfield MA Daily News)“用于烘烤食物的特制木板上有盛放汤汁的槽”(斯普林菲尔德MA每日新闻)
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