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释义 〔stem〕To plug or tamp (a blast hole, for example).堵:塞或堵(比如说一个风孔)〔say〕a woodwind, say an oboe.木管乐器,比如说双簧管〔example〕Wear something simple; for example, a skirt and blouse.穿简单的衣服;比如说,一条裙子和一件衬衫〔handlebar〕A curved metal steering bar, as on a bicycle. Often used in the plural.把手:一种曲形的金属操纵把手,比如说在自行车上的。经常用复数表示〔example〕As an illustrative instance:比如说:举例时用的例子:〔lasher〕One who lashes so as to secure or bind, as with a rope.捆绑者:比如说用绳子固定或绑紧的人〔ham〕To exaggerate or overdo (a dramatic role, for example).表演过火:夸张做作地表演(比如说戏剧中的角色)〔hall〕Thehalls of academe and city hall remind us that what we commonly mean by the wordhall, "a passageway, an entrance room,” represents a shrunken version of whathall once commonly designated. Going back to the Indo-European rootkel- 1, "to cover,” the Old English wordheall, ancestor of our hall, referred to "a large place covered by a roof, whether a royal residence, an official building, or a large private residence, or a large room in a residencewhere the public life of the household is carried on.”These senses and related ones are still in use,as is attested bytown hall and halls of academe. Our common use of the termhall for a vestibule or a corridor harks back to medieval times when the hall was the main public room of a residenceand people lived much less privately than now.As private rooms in houses took on the importance they have today,the hall lost its function.Hall also had come to mean any large room, and the vestibule was at one time one of the main sitting rooms in a house,but this sort of room has largely disappeared also,andhall has become the designation for the small vestibule of today as well as for an entrance passage or any passageway.halls of academe 以及 city hall 提醒我们注意: 我们通常把hall 这个词定义为“走廊,门厅”, 反映出hall 这词当初设定时的通常含义的种种痕迹。 追溯到该词的印欧语词根kel- 1, 意思是“去覆盖”, 我们hall 这个词的来源是古英语中 heall 这个词, 它指的是“一个有屋顶覆盖的大地方或者属于皇室住宅、政府建筑或是一座大的私人府第或者是一所住宅中的大房子,主人在其中进行社交活动”。这些概念或与之相关的意思直到今天还有,比如说town hall 和 halls of academe 。 我们现在一般所用的,把hall 当作门厅或走廊的用法可以追溯到中世纪, 那时大厅是居住者的最主要的起居室,人们生活还没有今天这么隐私化,于今日个人房间在生活中占主要地位,大厅失去了它当年的功用。Hall 还曾意味着大房间, 而门厅在过去一段时间内曾是房屋中主要的一处起居室,但这样的房子大部分也都消失了,而hall 的意思已经变成指那些当今小的走廊, 或者是进出口处的走廊,或者是随便哪个走廊〔enforce〕To impose (a kind of behavior, for example); compel:强求,强制:强加(比如说一种行为);强制:〔pyramid〕To build (an argument or a thesis, for example) progressively from a basic general premise.使节节建立:从一个基本的大前提逐步建立(比如说论题或主题)〔alleged〕Analleged burglar is someone who has been accused of being a burglar but against whom no charges have been proved. Analleged incident is an event that is said to have taken place but has not yet been verified. In their zeal to protect the rights of the accused,newspapers and law enforcement officials sometimes misusealleged. A man arrested for murder may be only analleged murderer, for example, but he is a real, not analleged, suspect in that his status as a suspect is not in doubt. Similarly, if the money from a safe is known to have been stolen and not merely mislaid,then we may safely speak of a theft without having to qualify our description withalleged. 一个alleged(有嫌疑的) 强盗是指被指控为强盗但并未得到证实的人。 alleged(据称的) 的事件是一件据说发生过但还未被证实的事。 出于保护被指控者权力的热情,报界和执法官员有时误用alleged 这个词。 比如说,一个因谋杀而被捕的人,可能只是个alleged(有嫌疑的) 谋杀犯, 但当他是真正的而不是alleged(据称的) 嫌疑犯时,那么他身为嫌疑犯的处境就是毫无疑问的。 与此相似,如果放在保险箱里的钱已知是被人偷走而不仅仅是放错了,那么我们应该可以毫不犹豫地把它说成盗窃案而不用加alleged 这个词来限定我们的描述 〔knuckle〕A cut of meat centering on the carpal or tarsal joint, as of a pig.肘子:以腕关节或肘关节为中心切下来的肉,比如说猪肉
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