| 单词 | 民主 |
| 释义 | 〔Jacobin〕A radical republican during the French Revolution.雅各宾党人：法国大革命中激进的民主分子〔majoritarian〕"a naively uncomplicated premise of simple majoritarian democracy"(Saturday Review)“简单多数主义民主的单纯方便前提”(星期六评论)〔raucous〕"the raucous give and take of American democracy"(Charles Kuralt)“美国民主存在和消失的闹剧”(查尔斯·库拉尔特)〔push〕a push to democracy.为了实现民主而努力〔democratic〕Of, characterized by, or advocating democracy:民主的：民主的，具有民主特征的，提倡民主的：〔Williams〕English cleric in America. After being expelled from Massachusetts for his criticism of Puritanism, he founded Providence (1636), a community based on religious freedom and democratic ideals, and obtained a royal charter for Rhode Island in 1663.威廉斯，罗杰：(1603?-1683) 在美国的英国教士。因批评清教主义而被驱逐出马萨诸塞州，此后他创建了一个建立在宗教自由和民主理想基础上的社团——上帝会(1636年），他还在1663年为罗得岛赢得了允许其成立的敕命特许权〔leveler〕Leveller A member of an English radical political movement arising in the Parliamentarian forces of the 1640's and advocating universal male suffrage, equality before the law, parliamentary democracy, and religious tolerance. Leveller 平均派成员：英国17世纪40年代议会军队中兴起的政治激进派成员，鼓吹男性公民普选权，法律面前人人平等，议会民主以及宗教宽容〔bottommost〕Freedom of speech is one of the bottommost principles of democracy.言论自由是民主的最基本原则之一〔Wilkins〕American civil rights leader. Long associated with the NAACP, he asserted that racial equality should be achieved through the democratic process.威尔金斯，罗伊：(1901-1981) 美国民权运动领袖，与全国有色人种协会长期有联系，他坚持种族平等应该通过民主过程来实现〔experiment〕"Democracy is only an experiment in government"(William Ralph Inge)“民主仅是政府内的一项实验”(威廉·拉尔夫·英奇)〔bulwark〕A free press is one of the bastions of a democracy. 自由的新闻业是民主的壁垒之一 〔Becker〕American historian noted for his analyses of philosophies in action. His works includeOur Great Experiment in Democracy (1924). 贝克尔，卡尔·洛图斯：(1873-1945) 美国历史学家，因其对故事情节出色的哲学分析而著名。其著作有《我们在民主方面的伟大实验》 （1924年） 〔democratic〕"a proper democratic scorn for bloated dukes and lords"(George du Maurier)“真正的民主对发胖的贵族和地主嗤之以鼻”(乔治·杜·莫里耶)〔democrat〕back-formation from démocratie [democracy] * see democracy 源自 démocratie的逆构词 [民主] * 参见 democracy〔Tory〕Often tory A supporter of traditional political and social institutions against the forces of democratization or reform; a political conservative. 常作 tory 保守主义者；顽固派：留恋过去的政治和社会体制，反对民主或改革力量的人；政治上的保守主义者〔impinge〕"One of a democratic government's continuing challenges is finding a way to protect . . . secrets without impinging the liberties that democracy exists to protect"(Christian Science Monitor)“民主政府的不断挑战是要找到一条途径，以在不侵害受民主保护的自由的情况下保护…机密”(基督教科学箴言报)〔Tocqueville〕French politician, traveler, and historian. After touring the United States (1831-1832), he wroteDemocracy in America (1835), a widely influential study of American institutions. 托克维尔，亚历克西斯·查尔斯·亨利·克雷尔·德：(1805-1859) 法国政治家，旅行家和历史学家，在周游了美国(1831-1832年）之后写了《美国的民主》 一书(1835年），它是一本影响极广的研究美国体制的专著 〔vital〕"Irrigation was vital to early civilization"(William H. McNeill)"A vital component of any democracy is a free labor movement"(Bayard Rustin)“灌溉对早期农业具有重要性”(威廉H.麦克乃尔)“自由工人运动是任何民主所不可缺少的组成部分”(贝亚德·拉斯廷)〔crucible〕"Yale is a crucible in American life for the accommodation of intellectual achievement, of wisdom, of refinement, with the democratic ideals of openness, of social justice and of equal opportunity"(Benno C. Schmidt, Jr.)“耶鲁大学是美国生活中的一个熔炉，它为智力成就、智慧和精确提供了便利，具有开放、社会公正以及机会同等的民主观念”(小本诺C.施米特)〔bedrock〕Ownership of land is the bedrock of democracy.土地所有权是民主的基础〔tendency〕"Man's capacity for justice makes democracy possible,but man's inclination to injustice makes democracy necessary" (Reinhold Niebuhr). “人类对公平的接受能力使民主成为可能，但人类对不公平的倾向却使民主变得必需” （赖因霍尔德·尼布尔）〔illusory〕"Secret activities offer presidents the alluring but often illusory promise that they can achieve foreign policy goals without the bothersome debate and open decision that are staples of democracy"(Tom Wicker)“总统私下采取行动，给人这样一个虽诱人但却是虚幻的承诺：似乎总统可以避开冗长的辩论和公开表决这些繁复的民主成果，来达到外交政策的目的。”(汤姆·威克)〔Lecky〕Irish historian who wroteHistory of Rationalism in Europe (1865) and Democracy and Liberty (1896). 莱基，威廉·爱德华：(1838-1903) 爱尔兰史学家，著有《欧洲理性主义史》 （1865年）和 《民主和自由》 （1896年） 〔open〕Enterable by registered voters regardless of political affiliation:可自由参加的：不受政治因素干扰，通过民主投票产生的：〔Whitman〕American poet whose great workLeaves of Grass (first published 1855), written in unconventional meter and rhyme, celebrates the self, death as a process of life, universal brotherhood, and the greatness of democracy and the United States. 惠特曼，华尔特：(1819-1892) 美国诗人。他的伟大作品《草叶集》 (1855年第一次出版），用非传统的韵律和韵文写成，宣扬自我、死亡是生命的一部分、普遍的兄弟情谊、民主的伟大和美国 〔stronghold〕a feminist stronghold; a stronghold of democracy.女性主义者的据点；民主的大本营 |
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