| 单词 | 民族主义者 |
| 释义 | 〔Amritsar〕A city of northwest India near the Pakistan border. Founded in 1577 by the fourth guru of the Sikhs, Ram Das (1534-1581), it has remained the center of the Sikh faith. In the Amritsar massacre of April 13, 1919, hundreds of Indian nationalists were killed by British-led troops. Population, 594,844.阿姆里查：印度西北部城市，在巴基斯坦边界附近，由锡克教第四位上师拉姆达斯（1534-1581年）于1577年所建，一直作为锡克教的中心。在1919年4月13日的阿姆里查大屠杀中，成百上千的印度民族主义者被英国军队杀害，人口594,844〔Hasselt〕A city of northeast Belgium east of Brussels. Chartered in 1232, it was the site of a Dutch defeat of Belgian nationalists in 1831. Population, 65,437.哈塞尔特：比利时东北部一城市，位于布鲁塞尔东部。1232年被特许自治，它是1831年荷兰人击败比利时民族主义者的地方。人口65,437〔Lagos〕The capital and largest city of Nigeria, in the southwest part of the country on the Gulf of Guinea. An old Yoruba town, it was the center of the nationalist movement before independence was achieved in 1960. Abuja was designated the new capital in 1982, but Lagos remains the economic and commercial center. Population, 1,404,000.拉各斯：尼日利亚首都和该国最大城市，位于该国西南部的几内亚湾畔。作为一个约鲁巴古镇，它是该国1960年独立以前民族主义者活动的中心。1982年阿布亚被定为新的首都，但拉各斯仍是一个经济和商业中心。人口1,404,000〔Garvey〕Jamaican Black nationalist active in America in the 1920's. He founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association (1914) and later urged American Black people to establish an independent country in Africa.加维，马库斯·（莫札赫）·奥利留斯：(1887-1940) 牙买加黑人民族主义者，在20世纪20年代积极活动于美国。他成立了全球黑人发展协会（1914年），后来鼓励美国黑人建立一个独立的非洲国家〔Serbia〕A historical region and former kingdom of eastern Yugoslavia. Serbs settled in the region in the 6th to the 7th century and formed an independent kingdom in the 13th to the 14th century but then fell under Turkish domination, which ended finally in 1878. The new kingdom of Serbia was an important Balkan power until the onset of World War I, precipitated in part by the assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand by a Serbian nationalist. Serbia was later a major constituent of the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, which formed the nucleus of modern-day Yugoslavia.塞尔维亚：南斯拉夫东部的历史性地区和前王国。塞尔维亚人于6世纪到7世纪开始在这个地区居住，在13世纪到14世纪形成了独立的王国，但后来被土耳其统治，其统治到1878年最终结束。新的塞尔维亚王国在第一次世界大战爆发前一直是巴尔干半岛上重要的力量，第一次世界大战的爆发一部分是因为一名塞尔维亚民族主义者剌杀弗朗西斯·斐迪南大公而引发。塞尔维亚后来主要由塞尔维亚、克罗地亚和斯洛文尼亚王国组成，斯洛文尼亚王国形成今天南斯拉夫的核心部分〔Collins〕Irish nationalist and Sinn Fein leader who helped negotiate the establishment of the Irish Free State (1921).柯林斯，迈克尔：(1890-1922) 爱尔兰民族主义者、新芬党领导人，1921年帮助协商建立爱尔兰自由邦〔Tone〕Irish nationalist who helped secure Parliament's passage of the Catholic Relief Act of 1793 and planned a French invasion of Ireland (1796).托思，（西奥博尔德）沃尔夫：(1763-1798) 爱尔兰民族主义者，在他的帮助下国会通过了1793年的《天主教徒救济法案》，并预见到了法国对爱尔兰的入侵(1796年）〔Gandhi〕Indian nationalist and spiritual leader who developed the practice of nonviolent disobedience that forced Great Britain to grant independence to India (1947). He was assassinated by a Hindu fanatic.甘地，穆罕达斯·卡拉姆昌德：(1869-1948) 印度民族主义者和精神领袖，推动了非暴力不抵抗运动并迫使英国于1947年允许印度独立，被一个印度教狂热分子暗杀〔Parnell〕Irish nationalist leader who served as a member of the British parliament (1875-1891) and led Ireland's Home Rule Movement.巴内尔，查尔斯·斯图尔特：(1846-1891) 爱尔兰民族主义者的领袖，曾任英国议会议员（1875-1891年）并领导了爱尔兰自治运动〔Russell〕Irish writer and nationalist who was a leader of the Irish literary renaissance at the turn of the 20th century.拉塞尔，乔治·威廉：(1867-1935) 爱尔兰作家和民族主义者。是20世纪初爱尔兰文学复兴的领袖〔Mugabe〕Zimbabwean politician who led the Black nationalist struggle against the white minority government of Rhodesia. After Zimbabwe's independence (1980), he was elected prime minister.穆加贝，罗伯特·加布里埃尔：(生于 1924) 津巴布韦政治家，领导黑人民族主义者反对罗得西亚少数白人统治的政府。在1980年津巴布韦独立后，当选为总理〔Duffy〕Irish-born writer and political leader in Ireland and Australia. A nationalist, he emigrated from Ireland to Australia after the breakup of the Independent Irish Party (1856). In Australia he held several posts, including prime minister (1871-1872).达菲，查尔斯·迦凡：(1816-1903) 爱尔兰裔爱尔兰及澳大利亚的作家和政治领袖，作为一个民族主义者，他在独立爱尔兰党分裂后从爱尔兰移民至澳大利亚(1856年），他在澳大利亚担任数个职位，包括首相职位〔underground〕A clandestine, often nationalist, organization fostering or planning hostile activities against, or the overthrow of, a government in power, such as an occupying military government:地下组织：一个酝酿或计划反对或颠覆现行政府，如实施占领的军事政府等敌对行动的秘密的民族主义者组织：〔Redmond〕Irish nationalist politician who succeeded Charles Parnell as the principal advocate of Irish home rule. His support for Britain during World War I and his opposition to Sinn Fein undermined his influence.雷蒙德，约翰·爱德华：(1856-1918) 爱尔兰政治家和民族主义者，他是继查尔斯·帕尔耐之后爱尔兰自治的主要倡导者。在二战期间他支持英国和反对新芬党，这些使他的威望降低〔Hyde〕Irish nationalist and writer who founded the Gaelic League (1893) and was president of Ireland (1938-1945).海德，道格拉斯：(1860-1949) 爱尔兰民族主义者，作家，盖尔联合会的奠基人(1893年），爱尔兰总统(1938-1945年）〔Garibaldi〕Italian general and nationalist who led 1,000 volunteers in the capture of Sicily and Naples (1860). His conquest led to the formation of the kingdom of Italy (1861).加里波第，朱森珀：(1807-1882) 意大利将军和民族主义者，曾率领1,000名自愿者占领西西里和那不勒斯（1860年）。他的征服导致了意大利王国的成立（1861年） |
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