| 单词 | 气息 |
| 释义 | 〔cold〕dogs attempting to catch a cold scent.猎狗试图抓住一丝微淡的气息〔breathed〕Having breath of a specified kind. Often used in combination:有…气息的：有特定种类气息的，常用于复合词：〔vowel〕A speech sound created by the relatively free passage of breath through the larynx and oral cavity, usually forming the most prominent and central sound of a syllable.元音：由通过咽喉和口腔中相对自由的气息发出的声音，常形成音节最突出和中心的音〔lush〕a lush scent; lush fruit; the lush sounds of an orchestra.美妙的气息；赏心悦目的水果；管弦乐队悦耳的乐声〔ghost〕from Old English gāst [breath, spirit] 源自 古英语 gāst [气息，精神] 〔wind〕Breath, especially normal or adequate breathing; respiration:气息，呼吸：尤指正常或足够的呼吸；呼吸：〔Maybeck〕American architect. His designs, which reflect both classical traditions and the influence of his western environment, include the Palace of Fine Arts in San Francisco (1915) and the First Church of Christ, Scientist, in Berkeley (1912).马白克，伯纳尔·拉尔菲：美国建筑师。其设计融合了古典传统元素及西方自然环境气息，代表作有美国旧金山的艺术宫（1915年）及加州伯克莱的基督教科学会（1912年）〔gasp〕To draw in the breath sharply, as from shock.喘息，喘气：猛烈地吸入气息，就象受到惊吓一样〔certain〕a certain cozy charm; kept a certain air of mystery about him.一种可感知的令人舒服的魅力；他保持一种引人注目的神秘气息〔smell〕A distinctive enveloping or characterizing quality; an aura or a trace:气息：某种清楚的总体性或特征性的品质；气味或踪迹：〔commercial〕Involved in work that is intended for the mass market:迎合大众的，有商业气息的：涉及大商场的工作的：〔odor〕A strong, pervasive quality:气息：强烈的、弥漫的性质：〔odor〕An odor of sadness permeated the gathering.一种弥漫在人群中的悲伤的气息〔parameter〕In recent yearsparameter has become the archetype for the borrowing of scientific terms into general usage and as such has occasioned a good deal of skeptical comment.Some of its new uses can be justified as useful extensions of the technical senses of the word.For example, the provisions of a zoning ordinance that limit the height or density of new construction can be reasonably likened to mathematical parameters that establish the limits of other variables.Therefore one can properly sayThe zoning commission announced new planning parameters for the historic Lamping district of the city. But other uses suggest that the writer has not understood the technical senseand has chosen it primarily as a way of injecting an aura of scientific precision into what would otherwise be a pedestrian communication.Thus there is no semantic justification for usingparameter as a general substitute for characteristic, as inThe Judeo-Christian ethic is one of the important parameters of Western culture, an example found unacceptable by 80 percent of the Usage Panel. ·Some of the difficulties with nontechnical use ofparameter appear to arise from its resemblance to the word perimeter, with which it shares the sense "limit,” though the two words differ in their precise meaning.This confusion doubtless explains the use ofparameter in a sentence such as U.S. forces report that the parameters of the mine area in the Gulf are fairly well established, where the wordperimeter would have expressed the intended sense more exactly. This example of a use ofparameter was unacceptable to 61 percent of the Usage Panel. 近些年来，parameter 已成为一个从科技术语借用到普通用法的原形， 同时也引起了大量的怀疑批评。它的某些新用法可被看作是该词科技含义的有益扩展。例如，某一区域性法规中关于新建筑高度或密度的条文能被合理地与制定其它变量限度的数学参量进行比较。因而，人们当然可以说地区委员会公布了历史上该城有名的灯区新计划方案 。 但其它的一些用法说明说话人还没有理解它的科技含义，并且选用了这个词主要作为给将是普通交流的东西注入一些精确的科学气息的途径。因此，用parameter 作为 characteristic 的一般等价词毫无语义上的合理性， 如在犹太教与基督教的道德规范是西方文化中重要的限制因素 ， 是80%的用法小组成员不接受的例子。Parameter 的非科技运用中的一些难点是由于它与 perimeter 都有“限制”的含义造成的， 尽管两个词的确切含义是不相同的。这种混淆无疑解释了parameter 在例如 美军报告说，海湾地雷区的环形防线设置得相当不错 的句子中的运用， 这里perimeter 可能会更确切地表达这种引申含义。 61%的用法小组成员不接受这个运用parameter 的例子 〔basilisk〕A legendary serpent or dragon with lethal breath and glance.蛇怪：神话中的一种毒蛇或恶龙，它的气息和目光能使人致命〔charge〕letters pervaded with gloom;充满阴郁气息的信件； |
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