| 单词 | 沦为 |
| 释义 | 〔Martinique〕An island and overseas department of France in the Windward Islands of the West Indies. Discovered by Columbus in 1502, it was colonized by French settlers after 1635. Fort-de-France is the capital. Population, 328,566.马提尼克岛：位于西印度群岛中向风群岛的一岛屿，是法国的海外省。1502年哥伦布发现此岛，1635年后沦为法国殖民地。首都是法兰西堡。人口328,566〔Montserrat〕An island in the Leeward Islands of the British West Indies northwest of Guadaloupe. Discovered and named by Columbus in 1493, it was colonized by the English after 1632 but held by the French at various periods before being awarded to Great Britain in 1783.蒙特塞拉特岛：英国西印度群岛的背风群岛上的一个岛屿，位于瓜德罗普岛西北。1493年由哥伦布发现并命名，在1632年后受英国殖民者的统治，但在1783年正式沦为英国殖民地以前，法国也曾在不同时期控制过该岛〔challenged〕People who object to the termsdisabled and handicapped as being too negative sometimes propose the substitution of challenged instead, as in referring to persons with physical disabilities as physically challenged. While this particular phrase is quite popular, it is sometimes taken to be condescending, and similar usages such as mentally challenged have failed to win equal acceptance. Indeed, the widespread parody of challenged in such expressions as electronically challenged for "inept at using computers" has effectively eliminated it as an all-purpose alternative to disabled or handicapped. 一些觉得使用disabled 和 handicapped 字眼过于负面的人，偶会以委婉的 challenged 代替，如用 physically challenged 指肢体有缺陷。这个特别词汇的使用相当普遍，因为有时会被视为较谦逊的用法，不过相似用法的接受度不一定相同， mentally challenged 这个用法便无法获得相同的认同。事实上，广为流传的 challenged 谐谑用法如以 electronically challenged（计算机残障） 来形容计算机白痴，已使得其全面替代 disabled 或 handicapped 沦为梦想 〔Cochin〕A region and former princely state of southwest India on the Malabar Coast of the Arabian Sea. The city ofCochin was visited by Vasco da Gama in 1502 and colonized by the Portuguese in the following year. It was taken by the Dutch in 1663 and occupied by the British in 1795. Population, 513,249. 柯钦：印度西南的一个区域和前王侯统治的州，在阿拉伯海的马拉巴尔海岸。柯钦 城于1502年由沃斯克·达·伽马访问，次年沦为葡萄牙人的殖民地，1663年由荷兰人取代，1795年英国人占领。人口513,249 〔bestialize〕To reduce to a bestial condition; deprave.使沦为野兽的状况；使堕落，使腐化〔Catania〕A city of eastern Sicily, Italy on theGulf of Catania, an inlet of the Ionian Sea. Founded in the eighth century b.c. , Catania was a flourishing Greek community and later a Roman colony. Population, 378,521. 卡塔尼亚：意大利西西里岛东部一城市，濒临卡塔尼亚湾 ，是爱奥尼亚海的一个海湾。卡塔尼亚创建于 公元前 8世纪，曾是一个繁荣的希腊社区，后来沦为罗马殖民地。人口378,521 〔Cassino〕A town of central Italy in the Apennines northwest of Naples. In World War II the town and nearby Benedictine monastery of Monte Cassino were reduced to rubble during fierce German-Allied fighting (February-May 1944). Population, 26,300.卡西诺：意大利中部亚平宁山脉腹地的一座城镇，位于那不勒斯西北部。在第二次世界大战中，该城和附近的蒙特卡罗·卡西诺本尼迪克特修道院在激烈的德国联盟战斗中（1944年2月-5月）沦为瓦砾。人口26,300〔Punjab〕A historical region of northwest India and northern Pakistan bounded by the Indus and Jumna rivers. It was a center of the prehistoric Indus Valley civilization and after c. 1500b.c. the site of early Aryan settlements. The Moguls brought the region to cultural eminence. The Punjab was controlled by Sikhs from 1799 to 1849, when it was annexed by Great Britain. It was partitioned between India and Pakistan in 1947. 旁遮普：印度西北部和巴基斯坦北部的一个邻接印度河与朱木拿河的历史地区，它是史前印度河谷文明的中心，于公元前 1500年后成为早期亚利安人的居住地，莫卧儿人使其成为著名的文化发祥地，公元1799年到1849年间被锡克教信徒控制，当时沦为大英帝国殖民地并于1947年被印度和巴基斯坦分据 〔zamindar〕An official in precolonial India assigned to collect the land taxes of his district.印度征收地税者：在沦为殖民地前的印度，被派去征收他所管辖区土地税的官员 |
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