| 单词 | 沸点 |
| 释义 | 〔coddle〕To cook in water just below the boiling point:用文火煮：在恰低于沸点的水中煮：〔antimony〕A metallic element having four allotropic forms, the most common of which is a hard, extremely brittle, lustrous, silver-white, crystalline material. It is used in a wide variety of alloys, especially with lead in battery plates, and in the manufacture of flame-proofing compounds, paint, semiconductor devices, and ceramic products. Atomic number 51; atomic weight 121.75; melting point 630.5°C; boiling point 1,380°C; specific gravity 6.691; valence 3, 5. See table at element 锑：一种金属元素，有四个同素异形体，最常见的是一种硬而脆的银白色发光晶体物质。锑普遍用于各种合金，特别是和铅一起用于电池极板，制造防火合成物、油漆、半导体装置和陶瓷制品。原子序数为51；原子量为121.75；熔点为630.5°C；沸点1,380°C；比重为6.691；化合价为3,5 参见 element〔praseodymium〕A soft, silvery, malleable, ductile rare-earth element that develops a characteristic green tarnish in air. It occurs naturally with other rare earths in monazite and is used to color glass and ceramics yellow, as a core material for carbon arcs, and in metallic alloys. Atomic number 59; atomic weight 140.907; melting point 935°C; boiling point 3,127°C; specific gravity 6.8; valence 3, 4. See table at element 镨：一种银色、柔软、可延展的粘性稀土元素，在空气中能形成绿色失泽膜，在自然界中它与其它稀土元素一同存在于独居石中，用于彩色玻璃和陶器黄色颜料，是炭精电弧的核心材料，并用于金属合金。原子序数59；原子量140.907；熔点935°C；沸点3,127°C；比重6.8；化合价3,4 参见 element〔radium〕A rare, brilliant white, luminescent, highly radioactive metallic element found in very small amounts in uranium ores, having 13 isotopes with mass numbers between 213 and 230, of which radium 226 with a half-life of 1,622 years is the most common. It is used in cancer radiotherapy, as a neutron source for some research purposes, and as a constituent of luminescent paints. Atomic number 88; melting point 700°C; boiling point 1,737°C; valence 2. See table at element 镭：一种稀有的、有白色光泽、发光、高度放射性的金属元素，极少量地存在于沥青矿中，有13种同位素，质量数介于213和230之间，最常见的为镭226，半衰期为1,622年。镭可用于癌症的放射治疗，在其它一些研究中用作中子源，还可用作发光颜料的成分。原子序数88；熔点700°C；沸点1,737°C；原子价2 参见 element〔Celsius〕Of or relating to a temperature scale that registers the freezing point of water as 0° and the boiling point as 100° under normal atmospheric pressure. See table at measurement 摄氏的：将正常大气压下水的冰点作为0°C、沸点作为100°C的一种温标的，或与之相关的 参见 measurement〔indium〕A soft, malleable, silvery-white metallic element found primarily in ores of zinc and tin, used as a plating over silver in making mirrors, in plating aircraft bearings, and in compounds for making transistors. Atomic number 49; atomic weight 114.82; melting point 156.61°C; boiling point 2,000°C; specific gravity 7.31; valence 1, 2, 3. See table at element 铟：一种较软、可塑性强的银白色金属物质，主要存在于锌矿床和锡矿床中，制造镜子时镀在水银上，也可镀于飞行器表面，其合金可以做晶体管。原子序数为49；原子量114.82；熔点是156.61°C；沸点为2,000°C；比重7.31；原子价为1,2,3 参见 element〔gold〕Symbol Au A soft, yellow, corrosion-resistant element, the most malleable and ductile metal, occurring in veins and alluvial deposits and recovered by mining or by panning or sluicing. A good thermal and electrical conductor, gold is generally alloyed to increase its strength, and it is used as an international monetary standard, in jewelry, for decoration, and as a plated coating on a wide variety of electrical and mechanical components. Atomic number 79; atomic weight 196.967; melting point 1,063.0°C; boiling point 2,966.0°C; specific gravity 19.32; valence 1, 3. See table at element 符号 Au 黄金：一种软的，黄色的，抗腐蚀的物质，是最具有延展性的金属并能抽成丝，产于矿藏和冲积层中，通过开采或淘砂可以找到它，是热和电的良好导体。黄金中一般掺入其他物质以增加强度，经常被用作衡量国际货币的标准，也被制成珠宝作为装饰品，同时被广泛用作各种电子和机械元件的镀层材料。原子序数79；原子量196.967；熔点1,063.0°C；沸点2,966.0°C；比重19.32；化合价为1，3 参见 element〔terbium〕A soft, silvery-gray metallic rare-earth element, used in x-ray and color television tubes. Atomic number 65; atomic weight 158.924; melting point 1,356°C; boiling point 3,123°C; specific gravity 8.229; valence 3, 4. See table at element 铽：一种银灰色的软金属性稀土元素，用于X光射线和彩色显像管中。原子序数65；原子重量158.924；熔点1,356°C；沸点3,123°C；比重8.229；化合价3,4 参见 element〔cobalt〕A hard, brittle metallic element, found associated with nickel, silver, lead, copper, and iron ores and resembling nickel and iron in appearance. It is used chiefly for magnetic alloys, high-temperature alloys, and in the form of its salts for blue glass and ceramic pigments. Atomic number 27; atomic weight 58.9332; melting point 1,495°C; boiling point 2,900°C; specific gravity 8.9; valence 2, 3. See table at element 钴：一种硬而脆的金属元素，与镍、银、铅、铜和铁矿石一起存在，外表像镍和铁。它主要用于磁合金、高温合金、以盐的形式用于蓝色玻璃和陶瓷颜料。原子序数27；原子量58.9332；熔点1,495°C；沸点2,900°C；比重8.9；原子价2，3 参见 element〔thallium〕A soft, malleable, highly toxic metallic element, used in photocells, infrared detectors, low-melting glass, and formerly in rodent and ant poisons. Atomic number 81; atomic weight 204.37; melting point 303.5°C; boiling point 1,457°C; specific gravity 11.85; valence 1, 3. See table at element 铊：柔轻的可延展的剧毒金属元素，用于光电池、红外检测器、低熔玻璃，从前用于田鼠和蚂蚁的毒药。原子序数81；原子量204.37；熔点303.5°C；沸点1,457°C；比重11.85；化合价1或3 参见 element〔manganese〕A gray-white or silvery brittle metallic element, occurring in several allotropic forms, found worldwide, especially in the ores pyrolusite and rhodochrosite and in nodules on the ocean floor. It is alloyed with steel to increase strength, hardness, wear resistance, and other properties and with other metals to form highly ferromagnetic materials. Atomic number 25; atomic weight 54.9380; melting point 1,244°C; boiling point 1,962°C; specific gravity 7.21 to 7.44; valence 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7. See table at element 锰：一种呈灰白色或银白色的易脆金属，产生于几种同素异形体中，世界各地均有，尤其盛产于软锰矿、菱锰矿和海底的结核中。它与钢的合金可增加强力、硬度、抗腐蚀力以及其它特性；与其它金属可以合成高铁磁性的材料。原子序数为25；原子量54.9380；熔点1,224°C；沸点1,962°C；比重7.21至7.44；化合价为1,2,3,4,6,7 参见 element〔sodium〕A soft, light, extremely malleable silver-white metallic element that reacts explosively with water, is naturally abundant in combined forms, especially in common salt, and is used in the production of a wide variety of industrially important compounds. Atomic number 11; atomic weight 22.99; melting point 97.8°C; boiling point 892°C; specific gravity 0.971; valence 1. See table at element 钠：一种软、轻、极有伸展性的银白色金属元素，和水起爆炸反应，化合的形式较丰富，尤其是以普通盐的形式存在，在很多种重要的工业化合产品的生产中得到广泛应用。原子序数11；原子量22.99；熔点97.8°C；沸点892°C；比重0.971；原子价1 参见 element〔lutetium〕A silvery-white rare-earth element that is exceptionally difficult to separate from the other rare-earth elements, used in nuclear technology. Atomic number 71; atomic weight 174.97; melting point 1,663°C; boiling point 3,395°C; specific gravity 9.840 (at 25°C); valence 3. See table at element 镥：一种很难从其它稀有元素中分离出来的用于核技术的银白色稀有元素。原子序数71；原子重量174.97；熔点1,663°C；沸点3,395°C；比重9.840（温度25°C时）；化合价3 参见 element〔rubidium〕A soft silvery-white metallic element of the alkali group that ignites spontaneously in air and reacts violently with water, used in photocells and in the manufacture of vacuum tubes. Atomic number 37; atomic weight 85.47; melting point 38.89°C; boiling point 688°C; specific gravity (solid) 1.532; valence 1, 2, 3, 4. See table at element 铷：一种银白色的软的碱性金属元素，与空气接触会立即燃烧，与水反应剧烈，用于光电池和制造真空管。原子序数37；原子量85.47；熔点38.89°C；沸点688°C；比重（固体）1.532；化合价1,2,3,4 参见 element〔beryllium〕A high-melting, lightweight, corrosion-resistant, rigid, steel-gray metallic element used as an aerospace structural material, as a moderator and reflector in nuclear reactors, and in a copper alloy used for springs, electrical contacts, and nonsparking tools. Atomic number 4; atomic weight 9.0122; melting point 1,278°C; boiling point 2,970°C; specific gravity 1.848; valence 2. See table at element 铍：一种高熔点、质轻、抗腐蚀、坚硬的青灰色金属元素，用作宇宙空间结构材料，如核反应器中的减速剂和反射体，铍铜合金用于制造弹簧、电接触器和无电花工具。原子序数4；原子量9.0122；熔点1,278°C；沸点2,970°C；比重1.848；化合价2 参见 element〔hydrogen〕A colorless, highly flammable gaseous element, the lightest of all gases and the most abundant element in the universe, used in the production of synthetic ammonia and methanol, in petroleum refining, in the hydrogenation of organic materials, as a reducing atmosphere, in oxyhydrogen torches, and in rocket fuels. Atomic number 1; atomic weight 1.00797; melting point -259.14°C; boiling point -252.8°C; density at 0°C 0.08987 gram per liter; valence 1. See table at element 氢：一种无色，易燃的气体物质，在所有气体中最轻，而宇宙中最多用来生产合成氨和甲醇，提炼石油，氢化有机物质作为收缩的气体，用在氧氢焰熔接器和火箭燃料中。原子序数为1；原子量为1.00797；熔点为-259.14°C；沸点-252.8°C；零度时的密度是0.08987克/公升；原子价为1 参见 element〔boiling〕Heated to or past the boiling point:到沸点的，沸腾的：加热至或加热超过沸点的：〔samarium〕A silvery or pale gray metallic rare-earth element found in monazite and bastnaesite and used as a dopant for laser materials, in infrared absorbing glass, and as a neutron absorber in certain nuclear reactors. Atomic number 62; atomic weight 150.35; melting point 1,072°C; boiling point 1,791°C; specific gravity (approximately) 7.50; valence 2, 3. See table at element 钐：一种银色或灰色稀土金属元素，含于独居石和氟碳铈矿中，用于激光制品掺杂剂，红外线吸光玻璃，在一些核反应堆中作中子吸收剂。原子序数62；原子量150.35；熔点1,072°C；沸点1,791°C；比重约7.50；化合价2，3 参见 element〔promethium〕A radioactive rare-earth element prepared by fission of uranium or by neutron bombardment of neodymium, having 14 isotopes with mass numbers ranging from 141 to 154 and used as a source of beta rays. Atomic number 61; melting point 1,168°C; boiling point 2,460°C; valence 3. See table at element 钜：放射性稀土元素，由铀分裂或钛的中子爆炸而成，有十四个拥有从141到154的质量数的同位素，用作β射线源。原子序数61；熔点1,168°C；沸点2,460°C；原子价为3 参见 element〔silver〕Symbol Ag A lustrous white, ductile, malleable metallic element, occurring both uncombined and in ores such as argentite, having the highest thermal and electrical conductivity of the metals. It is highly valued for jewelry, tableware, and other ornamental use and is widely used in coinage, photography, dental and soldering alloys, electrical contacts, and printed circuits. Atomic number 47; atomic weight 107.868; melting point 960.8°C; boiling point 2,212°C; specific gravity 10.50; valence 1, 2. See table at element 符号 Ag 银：一种白色有光泽、韧性的可延展的金属元素，单独或结合在铁矿石如银辉石中，在金属中导热和导电性能最好。用它作珠宝，银器和其它装饰品时价格很高，还广泛用于铸币、照相、镶牙用和焊接用的合金、电接触器和印刷电路。原子序数47；原子量107.868；熔点960.8°C；沸点2,212°C；比重10.50；原子价1或2 参见 element〔simmer〕To cook (food) gently in a liquid just at or below the boiling point.炖：在液体中以沸点或正好低于沸点的温度煮（食物）〔magnesium〕A light, silvery-white, moderately hard metallic element that in ribbon or powder form burns with a brilliant white flame. It is used in structural alloys, pyrotechnics, flash photography, and incendiary bombs. Atomic number 12; atomic weight 24.312; melting point 649°C; boiling point 1,090°C; specific gravity 1.74 (at 20°C); valence 2. See table at element 镁：一种质轻、银白色的成条状或粉状的中性硬度金属元素，燃烧时有很亮的白色火焰。用于建筑方面的合金、焰火、闪光灯或燃烧弹。原子序号12；原子量24.312；熔点649°C；沸点1,090°C；比重1.74(20°C时）；原子价2 参见 element〔astatine〕A highly unstable radioactive element, the heaviest of the halogen series, that resembles iodine in solution. Its longest lived isotope has a mass number of 210 and has a half-life of 8.3 hours. Atomic number 85; melting point 302°C; boiling point 337°C; valence probably 1, 3, 5, 7. See table at element 砹：极不稳定放射性元素，在卤族元素比重最大，在溶解状态与碘相象，它最长周期的同位素原子量为210，半衰期为8.3小时。原子序数85；溶点302°C；沸点337°C；化合价可能为1、3、5、7 参见 element〔simmer〕To keep (a liquid) near or just below the boiling point.See Synonyms at boil 1使（液体）的温度维持在沸点或稍低于沸点的温度 参见 boil1〔critical〕A critical temperature of water is 100°C, its boiling point at standard atmospheric pressure.在标准大气压力下，水的沸点为100°C〔europium〕A silvery-white, soft, rare-earth element occurring in monazite and bastnaesite and used to dope lasers and to absorb neutrons in research. Atomic number 63; atomic weight 151.96; melting point 826°C; boiling point 1,439°C; specific gravity 5.259; valence 2, 3. See table at element 铕：存在于独居石和氟碳矿中一种银白色、柔软的稀有金属，在研究中常用于激光器添加剂以吸收中子。原子序数63；原子量151.96；熔点826°C；沸点1,439°C；比重5.259；化合价2,3 参见 element〔thulium〕A bright, silvery rare-earth element obtained commercially from monazite, having an x-ray emitting isotope that is used in small portable medical x-ray units. Atomic number 69; atomic weight 168.934; melting point 1,545°C; boiling point 1,727°C; specific gravity 9.3; valence 2, 3. See table at element 铥：一种商业上可从独居石中提取的亮银色稀土元素。它有一种可以释放X射线的同位素，用于小型便携式医疗X射线设备。原子数69；原子量168.934；熔点1,545°C；沸点1,727°C；比重9.3；化合价2,3 参见 element〔boil〕Simmer denotes gentle cooking just at or below the boiling point ( Let the stock simmer for several hours); figuratively it refers to a state of gentle ferment ( Plans were simmering in his mind). Simmer 表示在沸点以下微煮( 让汤汁炖几个小时)； 它喻指蕴酿( 计划已在他心里蕴酿好了)。〔bromine〕A heavy, volatile, corrosive, reddish-brown, nonmetallic liquid element, having a highly irritating vapor. It is used in producing gasoline antiknock mixtures, fumigants, dyes, and photographic chemicals. Atomic weight 79.904; atomic number 35; melting point 7.2°C; boiling point 58.78°C; valence 1, 3, 5, 7. See table at element 溴：一种比重大、易挥发、有腐蚀性的棕红色非金属液体元素，有刺鼻的气味。用于生产汽油减震剂、薰蒸剂、染料和照相用的化学品。原子量79.904；原子序数35；熔点7.2°C；沸点58.78°C；化合价1,3,5,7 参见 element〔scald〕To heat (a liquid, such as milk) almost to the boiling point.烫热：加热（液体，如牛奶）使接近沸点〔iodine〕A lustrous, grayish-black, corrosive, poisonous halogen element having radioactive isotopes, especially I 131, used as a medical tracer and in thyroid disease diagnosis and therapy. Iodine compounds are used as germicides, antiseptics, and dyes. Atomic number 53; atomic weight 126.9044; melting point 113.5°C; boiling point 184.35°C; specific gravity (solid, at 20°C) 4.93; valence 1, 3, 5, 7. See table at element 碘：一种有光泽的，灰黑色，具有腐蚀性的，有毒的卤元素，有放射性同位素，特别是碘131，被用作医疗上的显迹物和诊断、医治甲状腺疾病。碘化合物被用作杀菌剂、抗感染剂和染料。原子序数53；原子重量126.9044；熔点113.5°C；沸点184.35°C；比重（固体，在20°C时）4.93；化合价1，3，5，7 参见 element〔mercury〕Symbol Hg A silvery-white poisonous metallic element, liquid at room temperature and used in thermometers, barometers, vapor lamps, and batteries and in the preparation of chemical pesticides. Atomic number 80; atomic weight 200.59; melting point -38.87°C; boiling point 356.58°C; specific gravity 13.546 (at 20°C); valence 1, 2. Also called quicksilver See table at element 符号 Hg 水银，汞：一种银白色有毒金属元素，室温下呈液态，用于温度计、气压计、蒸气灯及电池中，也用于化学杀虫剂中。原子序数为80；原子量为200.59；熔点-38.87°C；沸点为356.58°C；比重为13.546（20°C时）；化合价为1,2 也作 quicksilver 参见 element〔bismuth〕A white, crystalline, brittle, highly diamagnetic metallic element used in alloys to form sharp castings for objects sensitive to high temperatures and in various low-melting alloys for fire-safety devices. Atomic number 83; atomic weight 208.980; melting point 271.3°C; boiling point 1,560°C; specific gravity 9.747; valence 3, 5. See table at element 铋：白色、晶状、易碎、高度抗磁的金属元素，用于高温敏感物体的合金中，以铸成锋利物件，多种用于防火安全设施的低熔点合金。原子序数83；原子量208.980；熔点271.3°C；沸点1560°C；比重9.747；化合价3,5 参见 element〔hafnium〕A brilliant, silvery, metallic element separated from ores of zirconium and used in nuclear reactor control rods, as a getter for oxygen and nitrogen, and in the manufacture of tungsten filaments. Atomic number 72; atomic weight 178.49; melting point 2,220°C; boiling point 5,400°C; specific gravity 13.3; valence 4. See table at element 铪：一种锆矿中分离出来的亮银色金属元素，用于核反应堆的控制棒，可形成氧气和氮气的保护膜，还用于钨丝的制造。原子序数72；原子量178.49；熔点2,220°C；沸点5,400°C；比重13.3；原子价4 参见 element〔iron〕Symbol Fe A silvery-white, lustrous, malleable, ductile, magnetic or magnetizable, metallic element occurring abundantly in combined forms, notably in hematite, limonite, magnetite, and taconite, and used alloyed in a wide range of important structural materials. Atomic number 26; atomic weight 55.847; melting point 1,535°C; boiling point 2,750°C; specific gravity 7.874 (at 20°C); valence 2, 3, 4, 6. See table at element 符号 Fe 铁：一种银白色的、有光泽、有韧性、可延展，有磁性或可被磁化的金属，以化合物形式大量存在，主要有赤铁矿、褐铁矿、磁铁矿和角岩，在许多种重要结构材料中用作合金的一种。原子序数26；原子量55.847；熔点1,535°C；沸点2,750°C；比重7.874（在20°C时）；化合物2，3，4，6 参见 element〔krypton〕A whitish, inert gaseous element used chiefly in gas discharge lamps and fluorescent lamps. Atomic number 36; atomic weight 83.80; melting point -156.6°C; boiling point -152.30°C; density 3.73 grams per liter (0°C). See table at element 氪：一种微白的惰性气体元素，主要用于充气灯和荧光灯。原子序数36；原子量83.80；熔点-156.6°C；沸点-152.30°C；0°C时密度每升3.73克 参见 element〔uranium〕A heavy silvery-white metallic element, radioactive and toxic, easily oxidized, and having 14 known isotopes of which U 238 is the most abundant in nature. The element occurs in several minerals, including uraninite and carnotite, from which it is extracted and processed for use in research, nuclear fuels, and nuclear weapons. Atomic number 92; atomic weight 238.03; melting point 1,132°C; boiling point 3,818°C; specific gravity 18.95; valence 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. See table at element 铀：银白色的重金属元素，有放射性并且有毒，容易被氧化。已知有14个同位素，其中U238是自然界含量最多的。这种元素存在如沥青铀矿和钒钾铀矿等几种矿中，并从中提炼和加工，主要用于研究，核燃料和核武器。原子序数为92；原子量为238.03；熔点为1,132°C；沸点3,818°C；比重18.95；化合价2，3，4，5，6 参见 element〔lithium〕A soft, silvery, highly reactive metallic element that is used as a heat transfer medium, in thermonuclear weapons, and in various alloys, ceramics, and optical forms of glass. Atomic number 3; atomic weight 6.939; melting point 179°C; boiling point 1,317°C; specific gravity 0.534; valence 1. See table at element 锂：一种柔软、银色、极易反应的金属元素，作为导热体用于热核子武器、及各种合金，陶器，和玻璃的光学构造。原子序数3；原子量6.939；熔点179°C；沸点1,317°C；比重0.534；化合价1 参见 element〔dysprosium〕A soft, silvery rare-earth element used in nuclear research. Atomic number 66; atomic weight 162.50; melting point 1,407°C; boiling point 2,600°C; specific gravity 8.536; valence 3. See table at element 镝：一种用于核研究的柔软银色稀土元素，原子序数为66；原子重为162.50；熔点1,407°C；沸点2,600°C；特别比重8.536；原子价为3 参见 element〔plutonium〕A naturally radioactive, silvery, metallic transuranic element, occurring in uranium ores and produced artificially by neutron bombardment of uranium. Its longest-lived isotope is Pu 244 with a half-life of 76 million years. It is a radiological poison, specifically absorbed by bone marrow, and is used, especially the highly fissionable isotope Pu 239, as a reactor fuel and in nuclear weapons. Atomic number 94; melting point 640°C; boiling point 3,235°C; specific gravity 19.84; valence 3, 4, 5, 6. See table at element 钚：一种天然地放射性银色超铀金属元素，存在于铀矿中，对铀元素进行中子轰击而人工制成。其存在周期最长的同位素是半衰期为七千六百万年的钸244，它是一种核辐射毒素，特别是能被骨髓吸收。尤其是其极具可裂变性的同位素钸239，被用作一种核反应燃料并用在核武器中。原子序数94；熔点640°C；沸点3,235°C；比重19.84；化合价3, 4, 5, 6 参见 element |
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