| 单词 | 法兰克人 |
| 释义 | 〔Ripuarian〕A Ripuarian Frank.里普利安法兰克人〔Salian〕Of or relating to a tribe of Franks who settled in the Rhine region of the Netherlands in the fourth centurya.d. 萨利人的：属于公元 4世纪时居住在荷兰莱茵河地区的法兰克人的一支，萨利人的或与其有关的 〔Languedoc〕A historical region and former province of south-central France on an arm of the Mediterranean Sea west of the Rhone River. Named after the Romance language of its inhabitants, it was conquered by the Franks in the eighth century and incorporated into the French royal domain in 1271.朗格多克：历史上的一个地区和法国中南部的以前的一个省，位于罗讷河西部地中海海湾处。得名于当地居民所讲的罗曼语，它于8世纪被法兰克人所征服并于1271年并入法兰西王室统治范围〔Salic〕Of or relating to the Salian Franks.萨利族的：属于或有关萨利法兰克人的〔Thuringia〕A historical region of central Germany south of the Harz Mountains and crossed by theThuringian Forest, a range of low, wooded mountains. The region fell to the Franks in the 6th century a.d. and became a principality of the Holy Roman Empire in the 11th century. 图林根：德国中部一历史地区，位于哈茨山脉南部，从一条由生有树木的低矮山脉组成的山岭图林根林山 中穿过。该地区在 公元 6世纪落入法兰克人手中并于11世纪成为神圣罗马帝国的一个公国 〔Pamplona〕A city of northern Spain east-southeast of Bilbao. An ancient Basque city, it was captured by the Visigoths, Franks, and Moors and became the capital of the kingdom of Navarre (824-1512). The annual running of the bulls during the feast of San Fermin was celebrated in Ernest Hemingway'sThe Sun Also Rises (1926). Population, 181,688. 潘普洛纳：西班牙北部城市，位于毕尔巴鄂东南偏东。作为古代巴斯克人的城市，被维斯哥特人、法兰克人和摩尔人征服并成为纳瓦拉王国的首都(824-1512年）。在欧内斯特·海明威的《太阳照样升起》 （1926年）中记载了在圣弗尔明的庆祝大会上的一年一度的公牛赛跑。人口181,688 〔French〕from Franca [Frank] * see Frank 源自 Franca [法兰克人] * 参见 Frank〔marshal〕Hard-riding marshals of the Wild West in pursuit of criminalsreemphasize the relationship of the wordmarshal with horses. The Germanic ancestor of our wordmarshal is a compound made up of .marhaz, "horse" (related to the source of our word mare ), and .skalkaz, "servant,” meaning as a whole literally "horse servant,”hence "groom.”The Frankish descendant of this Germanic word,.marahskalk, starting from these humble beginnings, came to designate a high royal official and also a high military commander, not surprisingly so, given the importance of the horse in medieval warfare.The word passed into the period (beginning in 800) in which we speak of Old French, after the Franks and their Germanic language had been fused with the surrounding culture descended from Roman Gaul.When the Normans established a French-speaking official class in England,the Old French word came with them.The Middle English source of our word is first recorded as a surname in 1218 (and the surname Marshal, now spelled Marshall, has been held by some famous people),but it is first recorded as a common noun with the sense "high officer of the royal court" in the first English language proclamation (1258) by an English king, Henry III, after the Norman Conquest.Marshal was applied to this high royal official's deputies, who were officers of courts of law,and the word continued to designate various officials involved with courts of law and law enforcement,including the horseback-riding marshals we are familiar with in the United States.西部荒野骑着马对罪犯紧追不舍的警长形象，再次强调了marshal 这个词与马之间的联系。 我们这个单词marshal 的日耳曼语原形是一个由 marhaz “马”（与 mare 的语源相关）和 skalkaz “仆人，佣人”组成的合成词， 字面意思是“马的仆人”，也就是后来的“马夫”。这个日耳曼词的法兰克语的演变marahskalk 从最初卑微的含义演变到特指高级王室官员及高级军事将领， 不仅如此，在中世纪的战场上马也被提升到了重要地位。在法兰克人和他们所说的日耳曼语一起融入周围的罗马高卢人文化之后，这个词进入了我们讲古法语的时代（开始于800年）。当诺曼底人在英格兰建立了一个讲法语的官员阶层之后，古法语里的这个词便随之而来。该词在中世纪英语中最早于1218年作为一个姓氏被记录下来（一些著名人士的姓马歇尔，现在的拼写法为Marshall)，但作为指“王室的高级官员”的普通名词，它最早出现于英国王亨利三世在诺曼征服之后做的一篇英文公告(1258年）。在此文中Marshal 用于指高级王室官员的代表， 也就是司法官员。该词涉及法律和法律实施的不同官员的含义延续了下来，其中就包括我们所熟悉的美国西部骑在马背上的警长〔Frank〕A member of one of the Germanic tribes of the Rhine region in the early Christian era, especially one of the Salian Franks who conquered Gaul abouta.d. 500 and established an extensive empire that reached its greatest power in the ninth century. 法兰克人：公元初莱茵地区的一支日耳曼部落的成员，尤指法兰克萨利人的一支，他们于公元 500年左右征服了高卢并建立了辽阔的帝国，在9世纪达到鼎盛时期 〔Salic〕from Late Latin Salii [the Salian Franks] 源自 后期拉丁语 Salii [萨利法兰克人] 〔frank〕from Late Latin Francus [Frank] * see Frank 源自 后期拉丁语 Francus [法兰克人] * 参见 Frank〔Salian〕From Late Latin Saliī [the Salian Franks] 源自 后期拉丁语 Saliī [萨拉法兰克人] 〔French〕from Old English frencisc [Frankish] 源自 古英语 frencisc [法兰克人的] 〔Frankish〕Of or relating to the Franks or their language.法兰克人（语）的：属于或关于法兰克人的或法兰克语的〔Alemanni〕A group of Germanic tribes that settled in Alsace and nearby areas during the fourth centurya.d. and were defeated by the Franks in 496. 阿勒曼尼人：公元 4世纪居住在阿尔萨斯及附近地区的日耳曼部族，于496年被法兰克人击败 〔Salic〕Of or relating to the Salic law or to the legal code of the Salian Franks.萨利法典的：属于或有关萨利法律或萨利法兰克人的法律条文的〔Gascony〕A historical region and former province of southwest France. Settled originally by Basque peoples, it was conquered by the Romans and later by the Visigoths and Franks. A new wave of Basque invaders from south of the Pyrenees established the duchy of Vasconia in the sixth centurya.d. In 1052 Gascony passed to the duchy of Aquitaine, and after serving as a major battlefield during the Hundred Years' War, it finally became part of the French royal domain in 1607. 格斯肯尼：一历史地区，昔时法国西南部一省。最早巴斯克人在此定居，被罗马人征服，后来又被西哥特人和法兰克人征服。来自比利牛斯山南部的一支新的巴斯克人侵略者在公元后 6世纪建立了维斯可尼亚公国。在1502年，格斯肯尼被转给亚奎丹公国，在百年战争中以一个主要战场出现，最后于1607年成为法国领土的一部分 〔Poitou〕A historical region of west-central France bordering on the Bay of Biscay. A part of the Roman province of Aquitania, it fell to the Visigoths (a.d. 418) and the Franks (507) and was frequently contested by France and England until the end of the Hundred Years' War, when it was incorporated into the French crown lands. 普瓦图：法国中西部一历史地区，濒临比斯开湾。它原是罗马帝国阿奎它尼亚省的一部分，后落入西哥特人(公元 418年）和法兰克人(507年）手中，以后直到百年战争结束这一地区都为英法频繁地争夺，百年战争结束，该地区被并入法国王室的版图 〔Piacenza〕A town of northern Italy on the Po River southeast of Milan. Founded by Romans as Placentia in 218b.c. , it was occupied by Goths, Franks, and Lombards and became a free city and part of the Lombard League in the 12th century. Population, 108,177. 皮亚琴察：意大利北部一小镇，位于波河河畔、米兰东南。公元前 218年由罗马人建立，称普拉森舍，先后被哥特人、法兰克人和伦巴第人占据，12世纪时成为自由市和伦巴第同盟的一部分。人口108,177 〔Ripuarian〕Of, relating to, or being a group of Franks who settled along the Rhine, near Cologne, in the fourth centurya.d. 里普利安人的：公元 4世纪在科隆附近沿莱茵河居住的一群法兰克人的；与他们有关的；属于这群法兰克人的 〔Cologne〕A city of western Germany on the Rhine River north of Bonn. It was a Roman settlement called Colonia Agrippina aftera.d. 50 and passed under Frankish control in the 5th century. During the 15th century it flourished as a member of the Hanseatic League. Population, 922,286. 科隆：西德一城市，位于莱茵河上波恩北部。公元 50年后成为一个罗马人定居地称为阿格丽品娜殖民地，5世纪时经历了法兰克人统治。15世纪时兴盛一时，成为汉撒同盟的一员。人口922,286 〔Frankish〕The West Germanic language of the Franks.法兰克人讲的西日耳曼语 |
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