| 单词 | 法国革命 |
| 释义 | 〔Robespierre〕French revolutionary. Leader of the Jacobins and architect of the Reign of Terror, he was known as an austere and incorruptible man. His laws permitting the confiscation of property and arrest of suspected traitors, many of whom were guillotined, led to his own arrest and execution without trial.罗伯斯比尔，马克西米连·弗朗科斯·玛丽·伊西多尔·德：(1758-1794) 以严峻和清廉出名的法国革命家、雅各宾派领袖和恐怖统治的设计师，他的法律允许没收有叛国嫌疑的人的财产并逮捕他们，很多嫌疑分子被送上断头台，这也导致他本人被逮捕且未经审判即被处决〔Carlyle〕British historian and essayist whose works, such asThe French Revolution (1837), are characterized by his trenchant social and political criticism and his complex literary style. 卡莱尔，托马斯：(1795-1881) 英国历史学家和散文作家，其著作，如《法国革命》 （1837年），以对社会和政治的犀利批评和复杂的文风为特色 〔Danton〕French Revolutionary leader who took part in the storming of the Bastille (1789) and supported the execution of Louis XVI (1793) but was guillotined the following year for his opposition to the Reign of Terror.丹东，乔治斯·雅克：(1759-1794) 法国革命领袖，他参加了巴士底大暴动(1789年），并支持过路易十六的处决(1793年），但在第二年因反对恐怖统治而被送上断头台〔notable〕Often Notable One of a council of prominent persons in pre-Revolutionary France called into assembly to deliberate at times of emergency. 常作 Notable 应召显贵：法国革命前要员议会的一员，在紧急时刻被召到大会进行商讨〔Burke〕Irish-born British politician and writer. Famous for his oratory, he pleaded the cause of the American colonists in Parliament and was instrumental in developing the notions of party responsibility and a loyal opposition within the parliamentary system. His major work,Reflections on the Revolution in France (1790), voices his opposition to the excesses of the French experience. 伯克，埃德蒙：(1729-1797) 爱尔兰裔的英国政治家和作家。以其演讲而著名，他为国会中的美国殖民者辩护，并且发展了政党责任这一名词的解释，并在国会中与皇室对立。主要作品《关于法国革命的感想》 （1790年），表达了他对法国经历的暴行的反对立场 〔Gironde〕A moderate republican political party of Revolutionary France (1791-93).吉伦特：法国革命时期(1791-1793年）一温和的共和主义政治党派〔drastic〕the drastic measure of amputating the entire leg; drastic social change brought about by the French Revolution.截除整条腿的极端措施；法国革命带来的剧烈的社会变动〔Corday〕French Revolutionary heroine who was guillotined for the assassination of Jean Paul Marat in 1793.科黛，夏洛特：(1768-1798) 法国革命女英雄。因1793年刺杀让·保罗·马拉而被送上断头台〔Paine〕British-born American writer and Revolutionary leader who wrote the pamphletCommon Sense (1776) arguing for American independence from Britain. In England he published The Rights of Man (1791-1792), a defense of the French Revolution. 佩因，托马斯：(1737-1809) 美国裔的英国作家和革命领导人，他写了小册子《常识》 （1776年），为美国从英国手中争得独立而辩论。在英国他出版了 《人的权利》 （1791-1792年），对法国革命的捍卫 〔Mirabeau〕French revolutionist. As a member of the States-General (1789-1791) he attempted to create a constitutional monarchy.米拉波：法国革命家。作为国民议会的代表（1789-1791年），他试图建立君主立宪制〔Fox〕British politician who supported American independence and the French Revolution.福克斯，查尔斯·詹姆斯：(1749-1806) 英国政治家，支持美国独立和法国革命〔Beauharnais〕French soldier who fought with Rochambeau's troops in the American Revolution and later in France with the French Revolutionary army. He was guillotined during the Reign of Terror.博阿内，亚历山大·德：(1760-1794) 法国军人，他在美国独立战争中与罗尚博的部队战斗，后来又在法国参加了同法国革命军的战争，在恐怖时代他被送上断头台〔David〕French painter known for his classicism and his commitment to the ideals of the French Revolution. His works includeThe Oath of the Horatii (1785) and The Death of Marat (1793). 大卫，雅克·路易斯：(1748-1825) 法国画家，因其古典主义和对法国革命理想的献身而闻名，他的作品有《贺拉提乌斯兄弟之誓》 （1785年）和 《马拉之死》 （1793年） 〔Marat〕Swiss-born French revolutionary who founded (1789)L'Ami du Peuple, which supported the French Revolution. He was elected to the National Convention in 1792 but was assassinated in the following year by a Girondist. 马拉，简·保罗：(1743-1793) 瑞士裔法国革命家，他创办了《人民之友报》 （1789年），该报支持法国革命。1792年他被选为国民公会成员，但在第二年被一名吉伦特分子刺杀身亡 |
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