| 单词 | 波士顿 |
| 释义 | 〔Revere〕A city of eastern Massachusetts, a mainly residential suburb of Boston on Massachusetts Bay. Population, 42,786.里维尔：马萨诸塞州东部的一个城市，波士顿的一个主要近郊住宅区，位于马萨诸塞海湾之畔。人口42,786〔Hassam〕American painter who used brilliant colors and bold brushwork to depict city street scenes and natural landscapes in works such asRainy Day in Boston (1885). 哈萨姆，（腓特烈）·柴尔德：(1859-1935) 美国画家，擅于用明亮的色彩和突兀的笔触描绘城市街道的景色和自然景观，作品有《波士顿的雨天》 （1885年） 〔Yastrzemski〕American baseball player. A left fielder for the Boston Red Sox (1961-1983), he won the American League Triple Crown and most valuable player award in 1967.亚斯基，卡尔：(生于 1939) 美国棒球运动员。波士顿红短袜队的左外野手（1961-1983年），1967年他赢得了美国职棒三连冠和最佳运动员奖〔Cousy〕American basketball player and coach. As a guard for the Boston Celtics (1950-1963), he led the National Basketball Association in assists eight times and led the Celtics to six NBA titles between 1957 and 1963.库西，罗伯特·约瑟夫：美国篮球选手和教练。波士顿凯尔特人队后卫（1950年-1963年），在美国职业篮球联赛（NBA）的八个赛季中都担任助攻，1957年至1963年间他带领该队三次赢得NBA冠军〔Boston〕The capital and largest city of Massachusetts, in the eastern part of the state onBoston Bay, an arm of Massachusetts Bay. Founded in the 17th century, it was a leading center of agitation against England in the 18th century and a stronghold of abolitionist thought in the 19th century. Today it is a major commercial, financial, and educational hub. Population, 574,283. 波士顿：美国马萨诸塞州首府和最大城市，位于该州的东部，马萨诸塞湾的一个海湾波士顿湾 上。建于17世纪，是18世纪反对英国暴动的领导中心和19世纪废奴思想的强烈支持者。现在是一个主要的商业、金融和教育中心。人口574,283 〔totem〕"grew up with the totems and taboos typical of an Irish Catholic kid in Boston"(Connie Paige)“在波士顿随着图腾与禁忌而长大的爱尔兰天主教家庭的孩子”(康妮·佩奇)〔Bridgewater〕A town of eastern Massachusetts south of Boston. It had an iron industry in colonial times. Population, 21,249.布里奇沃特：马萨诸塞州东部一城镇，位于波士顿以南。殖民时期拥有炼铁工业。人口21,249〔caucus〕After the Caucus Club of Boston (in the 1760's) 源自 Caucus ，波士顿政党会议俱乐部（18世纪60年代） 〔Koussevitzky〕Russian-born American conductor of the Boston Symphony Orchestra (1924-1949) noted for his support of contemporary composers.库塞维茨基，谢尔盖·亚历山德罗维奇：(1874-1951) 俄裔美国指挥，曾出任波士顿交响乐团指挥（1924-1949年），以他对同时代作曲家的支持而闻名〔Hub〕Boston, Massachusetts. Used withthe . 哈布：位于马萨诸塞州的波士顿。与the 共享 〔Burlington〕A town of northeast Massachusetts, a residential suburb of Boston. Population, 23,302.伯灵顿：美国马萨诸塞州东北部一个城镇，是波士顿的一个居住郊区。人口23,302〔McKim〕American architect who was a leading proponent of the neoclassic revival. His designs include those of the Boston Public Library (1887) and the Rhode Island state capitol (1892).麦金，查尔斯·福伦：(1847-1909) 美国建筑师，新古典复兴派的代表人物。他的设计有波士顿公众图书馆(1887年）和罗得岛州的州府大厦(1892年）〔Stoneham〕A town of northeast Massachusetts, a residential suburb of Boston. Population, 22,203.斯托纳姆：美国马萨诸塞东北部城镇，波士顿的居住郊区。人口22,203〔anesthesia〕The following passage, written on November 21, 1846, by Oliver Wendell Holmes,a physician-poet and the father of the Supreme Court justice of the same name,allows us to pinpoint the entry ofanesthesia and anesthetic into English: "Every body wants to have a hand in a great discovery. All I will do is to give you a hint or two as to names—or the name—to be applied to the state produced and the agent. The state should, I think, be called ‘Anaesthesia’ [from the Greek word anaisthēsia, "lack of sensation"]. This signifies insensibility . . . The adjective will be ‘Anaesthetic.’ Thus we might say the state of Anaesthesia, or the anaesthetic state.”This citation is taken from a letter to William Thomas Green Morton,who in October of that year had successfully demonstrated the use of ether at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston.Althoughanaesthesia is recorded in Nathan Bailey's Universal Etymological English Dictionary in 1721, it is clear that Holmes really was responsible for its entry into the language.TheOxford English Dictionary has several citations for anesthesia and anesthetic in 1847 and 1848, indicating that the words gained rapid acceptance.下面是奥立佛·万德·霍姆斯写于1846年11月21的一段话。作者是个诗人医生和与其同名的最高法庭法官的父亲。这段话能使我们断定anesthesia 和 anesthetic 进入英语的背景： “每个人都希望能够参与一次伟大的发现。我所要做的是告诉你一两个提示去命名，或能被应用于某种状态的名称。我认为这种状态应该被叫做Anaesthesia ［从希腊词anaisthesia “感觉缺失”发展而来］。 这个词表示无感觉…其形容词应该是‘Anaesthetic’。这样我们可以说感觉缺失的状态或感觉缺失”。这段话是从寄给威廉·托马斯·格林·莫顿的一封信上摘录下的，莫顿同年十月在波士顿的马萨诸塞总医院曾成功使用了醚。尽管南森·巴利于1721年把anaethesia 选入了 通用英语词源词典 ， 但是很显然是霍姆斯首先把这个词引入英语。牛津英语词典 上有几处引用了1847年和1848年有 anesthesia 和 anesthetic 的句子， 说明这两个词很快就被人们所接受〔Harrison〕British-born American architect noted as the designer of King's Chapel in Boston and Christ Church in Cambridge, Massachusetts.哈里森，彼得：(1716-1775) 出生于英格兰的美国建筑师，因设计位于波士顿的耶稣大教堂和马萨诸塞州剑桥的耶稣教堂而著名〔pitch〕“[his] pious pitch for . . . austerity" (Boston Globe)“他的 说服别人苦行的神圣论点” (波士顿环球)〔Ward〕American Revolutionary general who directed Massachusetts troops in the siege of Boston, until George Washington relieved him of the command and drove the British from the city (1776).沃德，阿尔特姆斯：(1727-1800) 美国独立战争时期将军，在波士顿包围战中指挥马萨诸塞州部队，直到乔治·华盛顿接替他的领导职位并将英军驱逐出城(1776年）〔Lothrop〕American social worker. She was general secretary of Associated Charities in Boston, Massachusetts, and helped establish the Boston School for Social Workers (1904).洛思罗普，艾丽斯·路易斯·希金斯：(1870-1920) 美国社会工作者。她是马萨诸塞州波士顿慈善联合会的秘书长，并协助建立了社会工作者的波士顿学校（1904年）〔corridor〕the Boston-Washington corridor.波士顿－华盛顿通道〔Marblehead〕A town of northeast Massachusetts northeast of Boston. Founded in the 17th century, it is a boating center and resort. Population, 19,971.马波海德镇：美国马萨诸塞州东北部一小镇，位于波士顿东北部。建立于17世纪，是划船游乐中心和度假胜地。人口19,971〔Ripley〕American minister, scholar, and literary critic. An important figure in the New England Transcendentalist movement, he directed the utopian community at Brook Farm, near Boston (1841-1847), and was the literary critic of theNew York Tribune (1849-1880). 里普利，乔治：(1802-1880) 美国牧师、学者和文学批评家。在新英格兰超验主义运动中是一个重要的人物。他在波士顿附近领导了乌托邦似的社团“布鲁克农庄”(1841-1847年），而且是《纽约论坛报》 的文学批评家（1849-1880年） 〔showcase〕"In the financial services section, stock-trading desks had been set up showcasing [the company's] computers" (Boston Globe). “在金融业务部门中，股票交易桌已被布置好展示 计算机 （《波士顿环球日报》）。 〔Scituate〕A town of eastern Massachusetts on Massachusetts Bay southeast of Boston. It is a residential community and summer resort. Population, 16,786.锡楚埃特：美国波士顿东南部一城镇，位于马萨诸塞湾东部。它是一个住宅区和夏日旅游胜地。人口16,786〔Watertown〕A town of eastern Massachusetts, a residential suburb of Boston. Population, 33,284.沃特敦：美国马萨诸塞州东部一镇，波士顿的居住郊区。人口33,284〔Massachusett〕[From the Massachusett name of Great Blue Hill south of Boston] [源于马萨诸塞语中波士顿南部大蓝岭的名称] 〔Walpole〕A town of eastern Massachusetts southwest of Boston. Settled in 1659, it is a manufacturing center and the site of a large state prison. Population, 20,212.沃尔波尔：美国马萨诸塞东部城镇，位于波士顿西南。开发于1659年，为一制造工业中心，州的一个大监狱所在地。人口20,212〔Framingham〕A town of east-central Massachusetts west-southwest of Boston. Settled in 1650, it is a commercial and industrial center. Population, 64,994.弗雷明汉：马萨诸塞中东部一城市，位于波士顿的西南偏西。1605年在此建立殖民地，是工、商业中心。人口64,994〔Bulfinch〕American architect whose major works include the Massachusetts State House in Boston (1798) and the completion of the U.S. Capitol (1830).布尔芬奇，查尔斯：(1763-1844) 美国建筑师，主要作品有位于波士顿的马萨诸塞州大厦(1798年）和美国国会大厦(1830年）〔Wellesley〕A town of eastern Massachusetts west-southwest of Boston. It is a residential community and the seat of Wellesley College (established 1870). Population, 26,615.韦尔斯利：美国马萨诸塞州东部波士顿西南偏西的一座小镇。它是一个住宅区，也是韦尔斯利学院（创建于1870年）的所在地。人口26,615〔Bird〕American basketball player and coach. As a forward for the Boston Celtics (1979-1992), he helped lead the team to three world championships between 1981 and 1986 and was named the National Basketball Association's most valuable player three times.柏德，拉瑞·乔：美国篮球选手和教练。波士顿凯尔特人队前锋（1979年-1992年），1981年至1986年间他协助该队三次获世界冠军并三次当选美国职业篮球联赛（NBA）最有价值球员〔cantankerous〕"had to use liquid helium, which is supercold, costly and cantankerous"(Boston Globe)“不得不使用极冷、昂贵且难以处理的液态氦”(波士顿环球)〔obstinate〕The stiff-necked old Brahmin returned to Boston.那个固执的老布莱明回到了波士顿。〔Medford〕A city of northeast Massachusetts, a residential and industrial suburb of Boston. Settled in 1630, it is the seat of Tufts University (chartered 1852). Population, 57,407.美德福德：美国马萨诸塞州东北部一城市，是波士顿的居住区和工业区。此城建于1630年，是特夫兹大学（于1852年特许成立的）的所在地。人口57,407〔Fiedler〕American conductor who as director of the Boston Pops Orchestra (1930-1979) blended works of classical and popular music in his concerts.费尔德勒，阿瑟：(1894-1979) 美国指挥家，1930-1979年曾任波士顿波普管弦乐队指挥，在他的音乐会上他把古典音乐与流行音乐的作品混为一体〔Franklin〕A town of southeast Massachusetts near the Rhode Island border southwest of Boston. It was settled in 1660. Population, 22,095.富兰克林：美国马萨诸塞州东南部一城镇，邻罗得岛边缘，位于波士顿西南部。1666年在此建立了殖民地。人口22,095〔Salem〕A city of northeast Massachusetts northeast of Boston. Founded in 1626, it is noted as the site of witchcraft trials (1692) and of Nathaniel Hawthorne's House of the Seven Gables. Population, 38,091.塞勒姆：美国马萨诸塞州东北部城市，位于波士顿东北部。建立于1626年，因1692年此地的巫师审判和纳森尼尔·霍桑的“七墙之房”而著名。人口38,091〔Quincy〕[kwĭnʹzē] A city of eastern Massachusetts, an industrial suburb of Boston. John and John Quincy Adams were born here; the Adams homestead is now a national historic site. Population, 84,985.[kwĭnʹzē] 昆西：美国马萨诸塞州东部一城市，为波士顿的一工业郊区。约翰·亚当斯和约翰·昆西·亚当斯都出生在这里；亚当斯家宅现在是一国家历史遗迹。人口84,985〔Woburn〕A city of northeast Massachusetts, an industrial suburb of Boston. Population, 35,943.沃本：美国马萨诸塞州东北城市，波士顿的工业郊区。人口35,943〔extroverted〕"the hearty and extroverted types who dominated public life in Boston"(Thomas P. O'Neill, Jr.)“置身于波士顿公共生活的热心的和外向的类型”(小托马斯P.奥涅尔)〔Newton〕A city of eastern Massachusetts, a mainly residential suburb of Boston. The city comprises a number of villages, includingNewton Corner, Newton Center, Newton Upper Falls, and Newton Lower Falls. Population 82,585. 牛顿：美国马萨诸塞州东部城市，是波士顿郊区的重要居民区。包括许多村庄，如牛顿角、牛顿中心、牛顿上瀑布 和 牛顿下瀑布 。人口82,585 |
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