| 单词 | 泰摩兰 |
| 释义 | 〔Kars〕A city of northeast Turkey near the U.S.S.R. border. Capital of an Armenian principality in the 9th and 10th centuries, it was destroyed by Tamerlane c. 1386, rebuilt by Ottoman Turks in the 16th century, and ceded to Russia in 1878. It was returned to Turkey in 1921. Population, 58,799.卡尔斯：土耳其东北部一城市，与苏联接壤，该市在9世纪和10世纪时为美尼亚公国的首都。元1386年被泰摩兰摧毁，16世纪奥斯曼土耳其人重建此城，1878年割让给俄国。1921年该市归还土耳其。人口58,799〔seersucker〕Through its name, seersucker, a lightweight fabric for summer suits and dresses, gives us a glimpse at the history of India.The facts of the word's history are that it came into English from the East Indian language Hindi (śīrśakar ). The word in Hindi was borrowed from the Persian compoundshīroshakar, meaning literally "milk and sugar"but used in a figurative way for a striped linen garment.The Persian wordshakar, "sugar,” in turn came from Sanskrit śarkarā. Persian, Indian, English—clearly we are dealing with multiple cultural borrowing here,and the Persians did indeed borrow sugar and the word for sugar from India in the 6th century.During and after Tamerlane's invasion of India in the late 14th century,the opportunity for borrowing Persian things and words such asshīr-o-shakar was present, since the Mongol Turk Tamerlane incorporated Persia as well as India into his empire.It then remained for the English during the 18th century, when the East India Company and England were moving toward supremacy in India, to borrow the material and its nameseersucker (first recorded in 1722 in the form Sea Sucker ) from an Indian language. 适合制作夏季服装的一种很轻的面料，通过它的名字——泡泡纱让我们对印度历史有所了解。关于这个单词的历史事实是这个词从东印度语言——印地语(sirsakar )进入英语。 在印地语中，这个词来源于波斯语复合词shiroshakar ， 其字面意思是“牛奶和糖”，但用其比喻意来指一种有条纹的亚麻长袍。波斯语shakar 意思是“糖”，来自于梵文 sarkara 。 波斯语，印度语，英语——显而易见，这里我们要研究的是多元文化的借用，而事实上波斯人确实于公元6世纪从印度输入了糖和表示糖的单词。在14世纪后期泰摩兰入侵印度期间和之后，就有了借用波斯物品及单词，如shir-o-shakar 的机会， 因为突厥化了的蒙古人泰摩兰不但把波斯还把印度并入了自己的王国。在18世纪，当东印度公司和英国印度取得至高权威后，才从一种印度语言中输入了seersucker 的材料及名称（最初的记载形式是 Sea sucker ，出现于1722年） 〔Sivas〕A city of central Turkey east of Ankara. An important city of Asia Minor under the Romans, Byzantines, and Seljuk Turks, it was sacked by Tamerlane in 1400 and fell to the Ottoman Turks in the 15th century. Population, 172,864.西瓦斯：土耳其中部一城市，位于安卡拉东部。在罗马、拜占庭、塞尔柱突厥部落的统治下，该城市都是小亚细亚的重要城市。1400年，该城市被泰摩兰洗劫，并于15世纪落入奥斯曼土耳其统治之下。人口172,864 |
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