| 单词 | 派生的 |
| 释义 | 〔deverbative〕Formed from a verb, such as the nounworker derived from the verb work. 由动词构成的：由动词构成的，如名词“工人”worker 就是由动词“工作” work 派生的 〔derivate〕Derivative.可推导出的，派生的，无创意的〔formative〕A derivational or inflectional affix.构词成分：派生的或有屈折变化的词缀〔primitive〕Not derived from something else; primary or basic.基本的：不是从它物派生的；原本的或基本的〔Latinate〕a Latinate word; a formal, Latinate prose style.由拉丁语派生的词，正规的拉丁语散文风格〔Latinate〕Of, derived from, or suggestive of Latin:拉丁语的：拉丁语的、由拉丁语派生的或近似拉丁语的：〔ferninst〕Ferninst, meaning "opposite, next to, against,” has been attributed to Irish English, brought over during the peak years of Irish immigration to the United States in the mid-19th century. However, other, earlier citations with various spellings date further back: "I walked with them to a room nearly fornent the old state-house" (Davy Crockett). These variant forms are traceable to the American colonial period, when the source of ferninst was probably Scotland or other parts of the British Isles. The term is now dying out; Craig M. Carver, in his book American Regional Dialects, reports that "only nine [ DARE ] informants, all well over sixty-five years of age, used this term.” A derived noun ferninster, meaning "someone who is deliberately contrary,” is also used: "The trouble with the Republican leaders in Congress . . . is that they are just ferninsters" (William Allen White). Ferninst 的意思是“在…对面、附近或旁边，”该词曾被认为属于爱尔兰英语，是19世纪中期爱尔兰人迁移到美国的高峰期带来的。然而，其它或更早的不同拼写的引证可追溯到更远： “我和他们走到几乎正对着那个旧客舱的一个屋子里” （戴维克·罗克特）。这些不同的形式可追溯到美国殖民时期， ferninst 的起源可能是苏格兰或英国小岛的其他部分。这个词条现在消失了；克瑞格·M·卡文，在他的书 美国地区方言 中记述了“仅九个[ 美国方言 资料提供者，年纪都已过了六十五岁，用这个词条”。派生的名词 ferninster， 意思是“故意相反的人，”也用于： 共和党领导在议会中的麻烦…是因为他们只是些自相矛盾的人 （威廉·艾伦·怀特） 〔fraction〕One might think that a word likefraction as well as its ancestors might have always referred to the mathematical fraction. Certainly the mathematical notion of a fraction was known to the Babylonians, perhaps as early as 2000b.c. But our wordfraction goes back only to the Latin word frangere, "to break.” From the stem of the past participlefrāctus is derived Late Latin frāctiō, "a breaking" or "a breaking in pieces,”as in the breaking of the Eucharistic Host.In Medieval Latin the wordfrāctiō developed its mathematical sense, which was taken into Middle English along with the word.The earliest recorded sense of our word is "an aliquot part of a unit, a fraction or subdivision,”found in a work by Chaucer written about 1400.One of the next recorded instances of the word recalls its origins, referring to the "brekying or fraccioun" of a bone.人们也许认为一个词如fraction 以及它的词源总是指数学上的分数。 当然，分数的数学概念也许早在公元前 2000年就已被巴比伦人所熟知。 但fraction 一词仅能追溯到拉丁词 frangere ，“打碎”。 源自过去分词fractus 的词干是派生的后期拉丁语 fractio ， 意为“破裂”或“碎成一片片的”，如感恩节的饼的碎块。在中世纪拉丁语中，fractio 一词出现了数学意义， 这个词连同此意义都被记入中世纪英语中。这个词最早记载的意义是“一个数学单元，繁分数或再分数的约数”，出现在约1400年乔臾写的一部作品里。后来此词有记录的例子之一，指骨头上的“裂痕或碎片”，使人回忆起它的起源〔embargo〕Could an embargo on alcoholic beverages be related to a bar other than in the obvious way?The wordsembargo and bar are related, albeit distantly. Embargo comes to us from Spanish,where it was derived from the verbembargar, "to arrest, impede.” This verb came from the Vulgar Latin word.imbarricāre, made up of the Latin prefixin-, "in, into,” and the assumed Vulgar Latin form .barricāre, derived from Vulgar Latin .barrīca, "barrier.” .Barrīca, in turn, was derived from Vulgar Latin.barra, "bar, barrier,” the ultimate source of our wordbar. Imbarricāre meant essentially "to impede with a barrier.”Our wordbar is first recorded in English with the sense "barrier,” eventually developing the sense "a counter for serving drinks.”对酒精饮料的禁运能不与酒吧产生明显的关系吗?Embargo 和 bar 这两个词是相关的， 尽管相差很远。 Embargo 源自西班牙语，它派生于动词embargar， 意为“拘禁，阻止”的意思。 这个动词来自俗拉丁语imbarricare ， 由拉丁前缀in- “在…里，进入”和俗拉丁语 barrica “栅栏”派生的俗拉丁语形式 barricare 组成。 Barrica 又派生自俗拉丁语barra “栅栏，障碍物”， 是bar这个单词的最终起源。 Imbarricare 的中心意思是“用障碍物阻挡。”我们的单词bar 第一次在英语中出现是“障碍物”的意思， 最后发展成“卖饮料的柜台” |
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