| 单词 | 流传下来 |
| 释义 | 〔garibaldi〕A loose, high-necked blouse styled after the red shirts worn by Garibaldi and his soldiers.红色阔罩衫：一种宽松、高领的罩衫，由加里波第及其战士们所穿的红色衬衫而流传下来〔Vitruvius〕Roman architect and writer. HisDe Architectura is the only surviving text on ancient architectural theory. 维特鲁威：罗马建筑师和作家，他的《关于建筑》 是关于古代建筑理论的唯一流传下来的作品 〔Euripides〕Greek dramatist who ranks with Sophocles and Aeschylus as the greatest classical tragedians. He wrote more than 90 tragedies, although only 18, including Medea, Hippolytus, and The Trojan Women, survive in complete form. 欧里庇得斯：古希腊戏剧家，他与索弗克斯和艾希鲁斯并称为最伟大的古典悲剧作家。他写了九十多部悲剧作品，但仅有包括《美狄亚，希波吕托斯》 和 《特洛伊妇女》 在内的十八部作品完整地流传下来 〔dungeon〕The worddungeon may have gone down in the world quite literally, if one etymology of the word is correct. Dungeon may go back to a Vulgar Latin word,domniō, meaning "the lord's tower,”which came from Latindominus, "master.” In Middle English,in which our word is first recorded in a work composed around the beginning of the 14th century,it meant "a fortress, castle,” and "the keep of a castle" as well as "a prison cell underneath the keep of the castle.”Dungeon can still mean "keep,” although the usual spelling for this sense is donjon, but the meaning most usually associated with it is certainly not elevated.It is also possible thatdungeon goes back to a Germanic word related to our word dung. This assumed Germanic word would have meant "an underground house constructed of dung.”If this etymology is correct, the worddungeon has ended up where it began. 单词dungeon 的一种词源是它以其字面意义流传下来， 如果这个单词其中的一种语源是正确的话。 Dungeon 可追溯到拉丁俗词domnio， 意为“领主的塔”，这一拉丁俗词又来自拉丁文dominus， 意为“主人”。 在中古英语时期，该词首次记录于作于14世纪初的一部作品，意为“要塞，城堡”，“城堡主楼”以及“城堡方楼下的地牢”。Dungeon 仍有城堡主楼的意思，但最常与之联系在一起的这一拼法为 donjon， 但最常与之联系在一起的这一意义显然流传不广。Dungeon 还可能上溯到与之相联系的日耳曼语词 dung。 这一假设的日耳曼语词可能曾意为“由粪建构的地下房屋“。假如这一词源正确，dungeon 一词结束于它起源的地方 〔condition〕“The Organization Man survives as a modern classic because it captures a permanent part of our social condition" (Robert J. Samuelson)“那些人类得以维系的社会规范 只所以在现代社会中流传下来，是因为它抓住了我们社会状况的永恒不变的部分” (罗伯特J.塞缪尔森)〔Socrates〕Greek philosopher who initiated a question-and-answer method of teaching as a means of achieving self-knowledge. His theories of virtue and justice have survived through the writings of Plato, his most important pupil. Socrates was tried for corrupting the minds of Athenian youth and subsequently put to death (399).苏格拉底：希腊哲学家，首创了问答工教学方法，作为获得认识自我的一种方法。他关于道德和正义的理论，通过柏拉图（他最著名的学生）的著作而得以流传下来。苏格拉底因被指控毒害雅典年轻人的头脑而受到审判，并因此被处死（公元前339年）〔laconic〕As the study of the classics has disappeared from the curriculum,so has the ready understanding that terms such aslaconic once possessed. Laconic, which comes to us via Latin from Greek Lakōnikos, is first recorded in 1583with the sense "of or relating to Laconia or its inhabitants.”Lakōnikos is derived from Lakōn, "a Laconian, a person from Lakedaimon,”the name for the region of Greeceof which Sparta was the capital.The Spartans, noted for being warlike and disciplined, were also known for the brevity of their speech,and it is this quality that English writers still denote by the use of the adjectivelaconic, which is first found in this sense in 1589. 当古典研究从学校的课程中消失的时候，人们对于诸如laconic 之类的曾经黯熟的词汇的本来理解也同时失去。 Laconic 这个词是从希腊文 Lakonikos 经拉丁文流传下来的， 它第一次出现于1583年，意思是“拉哥尼亚的或拉哥尼亚居民的”。Lakonikos 源于 Lakon ， 意为“一个拉哥尼亚人，来自拉栖第梦的人”，它是希腊的一个地区名，斯巴达是其首府。以好战和纪律严明闻名的斯巴达人也同样因为言简意赅而闻名，laconic 这个词从1589年起被发现有言简意赅的意思起直到今天仍然被英国作家用来表示这一意思 〔descend〕a tradition descending from colonial days.从殖民地时代流传下来的传统〔innate〕a hereditary heart anomaly) or by tradition: 遗传性的心脏异常) 或因传统而流传下来： |
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