| 单词 | 游记 |
| 释义 | 〔yahoo〕From Yahoo , member of a race of brutes having human form in Gulliver's Travels by Jonathan Swift 源自 Yahoo ， 格列弗游记 中的一种人形兽，由乔纳森·斯威夫特著 〔description〕published a description of her travels; gave a vivid description of the game.出版她的游记；关于这场比赛的生动描述〔Khanbalik〕An ancient city of Mongol China on the site of modern Beijing. Rebuilt by Kublai Khan from 1264 to 1267 on the site of an earlier city, Khanbalik was called Cambaluc by Marco Polo, who described its magnificence in the account of his travels.大都：蒙古人统治中国时的古代城市，在当今北京所在地。1264到1267年成吉思汗在原有城市的基础上重建此城，马可·波罗称这座城为坎巴立克，并在其游记中描绘了该城的盛景〔Brobdingnagian〕After Brobdingnag , a country in Gulliver's Travels by Jonathan Swift, where everything was enormous 源自 Brobdingnag ， 格利佛游记 中的一个国家，由乔纳生·斯威夫特所著。此地所有的东西都是庞大的 〔Byron〕British poet acclaimed as one of the leading figures of the romantic movement. The "Byronic hero"—lonely, rebellious, and brooding—first appeared inManfred (1817). Among his other works are Childe Harold (1812-1818), The Prisoner of Chillon (1816), and the epic satire Don Juan (1819-1824). Byron was notorious for his love affairs and unconventional lifestyle. He died while working to secure Greek independence from the Turks. 拜伦，乔治·戈登：(1788-1824) 英国诗人，被公认为是浪漫主义运动的先驱。那象征着孤独、反抗和沉思的“拜伦式英雄”的形象最早出现在《曼弗雷德》 （1817年）里。他的其它著作有 《查尔德·哈洛尔德游记》 （1812至1818年）、 《希永的囚徒》 （1816年）以及讽刺长诗 《唐璜》 （1819至1824年）。由于他的恋爱经历和反传统的生活方式，拜伦在当时是名誉扫地的。他在从事希腊脱离土耳其而独立的工作去世 〔Borrow〕British philologist, traveler, and writer of books based on his journeys, includingRomany Rye (1857). 博洛，乔治·亨利：(1803-1881) 英国语言学家、旅行家及作家，著有《吉普赛男人》 （1857年）等游记 〔Polo〕Venetian traveler who explored Asia from 1271 to 1295. HisTravels of Marco Polo was the only account of the Far East available to Europeans until the 17th century. 马可·波罗，马科：(1254-1324) 威尼斯旅行家，从1271年至1295年在亚洲探险。他的《马可·波罗游记》 是到17世纪为止欧洲人所能接触到的唯一一部有关远东的记录 〔gringo〕The wordgringo is an offensive term in Latin America for a foreigner, particularly an American or English person.But the word existed in Spanish before this particular sense came into being.In fact,gringo may be an alteration of the word griego, the Spanish development of LatinGraecus, "Greek.” Griego first meant "Greek, Grecian,”as an adjective and "Greek, Greek language,” as a noun.The saying "It's Greek to me" exists in Spanish,as it does in English,and helps us understand whygriego came to mean "unintelligible language" and perhaps, by further extension of this idea,"stranger, that is, one who speaks a foreign language.”The altered formgringo lost touch with Greek but has the senses "unintelligible language,” "foreigner, especially an English person,”and in Latin America, "North American or Britisher.”Its first recorded English use (1849) is in John Woodhouse Audubon'sWestern Journal: "We were hooted and shouted at as we passed through, and called ‘Gringoes.’”在拉丁美洲，gringo 一词是对外国人， 尤其是英美人的不尊敬的称呼。但在有这一特定含义之前这个词已存在于西班牙语之中。事实上，gringo 也许是 griego 一词的变体， 而后者则是西班牙语对拉丁语中Graecus “希腊的”一词的发展。 Griego 开始作形容词时意为“希腊的”； 作名词时意为“希腊，希腊语”。在西班牙语中也有“这对我来说象希腊语一样”的说法，这同英语中一样。这就帮我们理解为什么griego 开始有“胡说八道”的意思， 随着这层意思地延伸，就指“陌生人，即一个讲外语的人”。gringo 的变体已与希腊毫无关系而却有了“胡说八道”、 “外国人，尤指讲英语的人”等含义；在拉丁美洲它更指“北美人或英国人”。此词有记载的第一次在英语中的运用（1849年）是在约翰·伍德豪斯·奥杜邦的西部游记 中： “我们走过时四周都是叫喊声、怪叫声和‘外国佬’的叫骂声”〔Purchas〕English compiler of travel books, such asPurchas, His Pilgrimage (1613). 珀切斯，塞缪尔：(1577?-1626) 美国游记和探险作品的编纂者，编有《珀切斯，他的旅行》 （1613年）一书 〔Cathay〕A medieval name for China popularized by Marco Polo in accounts of his travels. It usually applied only to the area north of the Yangtze River (Chang Jiang).中国：因马可·波罗在他的游记中的使用而流行的中世纪对中国的称谓。它通常只指扬子江（长江）以北的地区〔itinerary〕An account or a record of a journey.游记，旅行日记：对旅行的陈述或记录〔Lilliputian〕After the Lilliputians , a people in Gulliver's Travels by Jonathan Swift 源自 Lilliputians 乔纳森·斯威夫特所作的 格列佛游记 中一人物 〔Swift〕Irish-born English writer known for his satirical works, includingGulliver's Travels (1726) and A Modest Proposal (1729). 斯威夫特，约拿丹：(1667-1745) 爱尔兰裔英格兰作家，以其包括《格利佛游记》 （1726年）和 《一个小小的建议》 （1729年）的讽刺作品而闻名 〔pop〕popped out to shortstop.击出落向游记手的高飞球〔Gulliver〕An Englishman who travels to the imaginary lands of Lilliput, Brobdingnag, and Laputa, and the country of the Houyhnhnms in Jonathan Swift's satireGulliver's Travels (1726). 格列佛：在乔纳森·斯威夫特的讽刺作品格列佛游记 （1726年）中，一个曾漫游过想象中的小人国、大人国、浮岛和马国的英国人 〔travel〕An account of one's journeys.游记：对某人游历的记述〔Laputan〕After the flying island of Laputa in Gulliver's Travels by Jonathan Swift, where absurd projects are pursued and useful pursuits neglected. 源自 Laputa 的飞岛，在 格列佛游记 中，乔纳森·斯威夫特著，在那里人们追逐着极端不切实际的目标而放弃有用的目标 〔popcorn〕Popcorn is very much an American institution.Particularly enjoyed by people in the United States,it is grown as a native product and denoted by a word that is an Americanism,a word or expression that was first used in English in the United States.Popcorn, from the verb pop and the noun corn, fits these criteriabecause the first recorded use of the word is found inMemorable Days in America, an account written by the British traveler William Faux and published in London in 1823: "I crossed the Big Wabash . . . at La Valette's ferry,where is beautiful land . . . and two lonely families of naked-legged French settlersfrom whom I received two curious ears of poss corn.”Notice that either Faux misunderstood the termor the French settlers mispronounced it.This type of corn, introduced to the settlers by Native Americans,was long grown by them,little knowing that their benefaction would one day be consumed by countless moviegoers while watching Westerns.爆玉米是美洲人非常熟知的事物。尤其为美国人喜欢，这种作物被他们作为本地作物而大量种植并以一个美国单词来命名，这个词首先在美国被用于英语中。Popcorn 源于动词 pop 和名词 corn， 并且它适应这些标准，因为有关这个词的最早记录见于由英国旅行者威廉·福克斯所著的、1823年在伦敦出版的游记在美国的难忘日子 中，福克斯在其中写道： “我在瓦莱特码头渡过大沃巴什河，那儿有美丽的田地…及两个孤零零的法国家庭，他们都是赤脚的法国拓荒者，从他们那儿我得到了两根奇怪的玉米棒。”请注意，要么也许是福克斯误解了该词，要么也许是法国拓荒者发错了音。这种类型的玉米是美洲印第安人介绍给这些拓荒者的，且已被这些印第安人种植很久了，但他们几乎无法料到他们的施惠有一天会被无数电影观众一边嚼着一边看西部片。〔Workman〕American explorer and writer. With her husbandWilliam Hunter Workman (1847-1937) she wrote several accounts of their travels, including Through Town and Jungle (1904) and In the Ice World of Himálaya (1900). 沃克曼，范尼·布洛克：(1859-1925) 美国探险家和作家。同其丈夫威廉·亨特·沃克曼 (1847-1937年）写了他们的游记，包括 《通过城镇和热带雨林》 （1904年）和 《喜马拉雅山上的冰雪世界》 （1900年） |
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