| 单词 | 火成岩 |
| 释义 | 〔phenocryst〕A conspicuous, usually large, crystal embedded in porphyritic igneous rock.斑晶：嵌在斑状火成岩中的一种显眼的、通常很大的晶体〔olivine〕A mineral silicate of iron and magnesium, principally (Mg, Fe)2SiO 4, found in igneous and metamorphic rocks and used as a structural material in refractories and in cements. Also called chrysolite 橄榄石：一种由铁和镁元素构成的矿物质硅酸盐，分子式主要为(Mg,Fe)2SiO 4，可在火成岩和变质岩中找到，并作为建筑材料用于耐火材料和水泥中 也作 chrysolite〔titanium〕A strong, low-density, highly corrosion-resistant, lustrous white metallic element that occurs widely in igneous rocks and is used to alloy aircraft metals for low weight, strength, and high-temperature stability. Atomic number 22; atomic weight 47.90; melting point 1,660°C; boiling point 3,287°C; specific gravity 4.54; valence 2, 3, 4. See table at element 钛：一种坚固、低密度、高度抗腐蚀的带光泽的白色金属元素，广泛存在于火成岩中，由于其质量轻，牢固和抗高温的性能被用于做飞行器的合金。原子序数22；原子量47.90；熔点1,660°C；沸点3,287°C；比重4.54；原子价2,3,4 参见 element〔labradorite〕A variety of plagioclase feldspar found in igneous rocks and characterized by brilliant colors in some specimens.拉长石：一种斜长岩长石的变体，发现于火成岩中，某些样本中含有丰富绚烂的颜色〔Archean〕Of or relating to the oldest known rocks, those of the Precambrian era, that are predominantly igneous in composition.太古代的：所知的最古的前寒武纪时代岩石，其组成成分主要为火成岩的，或与之相关的〔trachyte〕A light-colored igneous rock consisting essentially of alkali feldspar.粗面岩：一种浅色火成岩，主要由碱长石构成〔xenolith〕A rock fragment foreign to the igneous mass in which it occurs.捕虏体：指在火成岩中形成的外来岩石碎片〔laccolith〕A mass of igneous rock intruded between layers of sedimentary rock, resulting in uplift.岩盖：一种侵入沉积岩岩层之间的火成岩，它会产生隆起〔xenocryst〕A crystal foreign to the igneous rock in which it occurs.捕获晶：在火成岩内部形成的外来晶体〔amygdaloid〕A volcanic rock containing many amygdules.杏仁岩：有很多杏仁状小气孔的火成岩〔felsic〕Relating to or containing a group of light-colored silicate minerals that occur in igneous rocks.火成岩中的有关或包含一系列浅颜色的硅酸盐矿物〔ultrabasic〕Containing magnesium and iron and only a very small amount of silica. Used of igneous rock.超基性的：含有镁和铁和只有极少量的硅。用于火成岩〔mica〕Any of a group of chemically and physically related aluminum silicate minerals, common in igneous and metamorphic rocks, characteristically splitting into flexible sheets used in insulation and electrical equipment.云母：化学上和物理上有联系的铝硅酸盐矿物群的总称，常见于火成岩和变质岩中，以易裂成柔软的薄片为特征，用于绝缘体及电气设备中〔salic〕Of or relating to certain minerals, such as quartz and the feldspars, that commonly occur in igneous rocks and contain large amounts of silica and alumina.硅铝质的：属于或有关特定矿物质的，如石英和长石，常常在火成岩中出现，含有大量硅和铝〔scheelite〕A variously colored mineral, CaWO4, found in igneous rocks and used as an ore of tungsten. 白钨矿：各种颜色各异的矿石，CaWO4,含于火成岩中，作为钨矿使用 〔amygdule〕A small gas bubble in igneous, especially volcanic, rock filled with secondary minerals such as zeolite, calcite, or quartz.杏仁孔：尤指含有次等矿物（如沸石、方解石和石英）的火成岩里的小气泡〔ignimbrite〕A volcanic rock formed by the welding together of tuff material from an explosive volcanic eruption.熔结凝灰岩：火山喷发后凝灰物质聚集后形成的一种火成岩〔plutonic〕Of deep igneous or magmatic origin:火成岩的；深成的：由深层火成岩或岩浆演变而来的：〔sodalite〕A blue-white vitreous mineral, Na4Al 3Si 3O 12Cl, found in igneous rocks. 方钠石：一种蓝白色玻璃质的矿物，Na4Al 3Si 3O 12Cl，见于火成岩 〔margarite〕A rock formation that resembles beads, found in glassy igneous rocks.珍珠云母：一种存在于光滑的火成岩岩层中的呈珠粒状的岩层〔pluton〕A body of igneous rock formed beneath the surface of the earth by consolidation of magma.火成岩：岩浆凝固后在地表下形成的火成岩岩体〔granite〕A common, coarse-grained, light-colored, hard igneous rock consisting chiefly of quartz, orthoclase or microcline, and mica, used in monuments and for building.花岗岩：一种常见的、晶粒粗糙的浅亮色坚硬的火成岩，主要由石英、正长石或微斜长石及云母组成，用于纪念碑和建筑物〔nephelinite〕An igneous rock consisting chiefly of pyroxene and nepheline.霞岩：主要由辉石和霞石组成的火成岩〔hornblende〕An amphibolic mineral, CaNa(Mg,Fe)4(Al,Fe,Ti) 3Si 6O 22(OH,F) 2, commonly green or bluish green to black in color, formed in the late stages of cooling in igneous rock. 角闪石：一种闪石类矿物，化学式为CaNa(Mg,Fe)4(Al,Fe,Ti) 3Si 6O 22(OH,F) 2，通常为绿色或蓝绿色至黑色之间，形成于火成岩冷却的后期阶段 〔felsite〕A fine-grained, light-colored igneous rock, composed chiefly of feldspar and quartz.霏细石：一种纹理细密且颜色浅的主要由长石和石英构成的火成岩石〔igneous〕Of or relating to rock so formed; pyrogenic.火成岩的，熔灰岩的：按上述方法形成的岩石的，与之有关的；火成的〔enstatite〕A glassy, usually yellowish gray variety of orthorhombic pyroxene having a magnesium silicate base, mainly MgSiO3, usually found embedded in igneous rocks and meteorites. 顽火辉石：一种象玻璃似的，常为淡褐灰色的正方晶辉岩，具有一个镁硅酸盐基，主要为硅酸镁MgSiO3，通常可在火成岩及陨石中发现 〔garnet〕Any of several common, widespread aluminum or calcium silicate minerals occurring in two internally isomorphic series, (Mg, Mn, Fe)3Al 2Si 3O 12 and Ca 3(Cr, Al, Fe) 2Si 3O 12, generally crystallized, often embedded in igneous and metamorphic rocks, and colored red, brown, black, green, yellow, or white and used both as gemstones and as abrasives. 石榴石：一种常见的、分布广泛的铝或硅酸钙矿，产生于两种内部同构的化合物，(Mg, Mn, Fe)3Al 2Si 3O 12 and Ca 3(Cr, Al, Fe) 2Si 3O 12，一般呈晶体状，嵌于火成岩和变质岩中，呈红、棕、黑、绿、黄色或白色，可用作珠宝和研磨剂 〔feldspar〕Any of a group of abundant rock-forming minerals occurring principally in igneous, plutonic, and some metamorphic rocks, and consisting of silicates of aluminum with potassium, sodium, calcium, and, rarely, barium. About 60 percent of the earth's outer crust is composed of feldspar.长石：任何一组由大量岩石形成的矿物，主要存在于火成岩、深成岩以及一些变性的岩石中，含有钾、钠、钙及极少的钡的铝硅酸盐，地球的外层地壳中约百分之六十是长石〔pyroxenite〕An igneous rock consisting chiefly of pyroxenes.辉岩：主要由辉石组成的一种火成岩〔syenite〕An igneous rock composed primarily of alkali feldspar together with other minerals, such as hornblende.正长岩：一种火成岩，主要由碱长石与其它矿物，如角闪石组成〔amygdaloid〕Resembling a volcanic rock that contains many amygdules.杏仁岩的：类似包含杏仁孔的火成岩的〔greenstone〕Any of various altered basic igneous rocks colored green by chlorite, hornblende, or epidote.绿岩：因含有绿泥石、角闪石或绿帘石而呈绿色的任一种变质火成岩〔crystallite〕Any of numerous minute rudimentary, crystalline bodies of unknown composition found in glassy igneous rocks.雏晶：任一种在玻璃状火成岩中发现的未知微粒晶体矿物〔nepheline〕A mineral of sodium-aluminum or potassium-aluminum silicate, occurring worldwide in igneous rocks and used in the manufacture of ceramics and enamels.霞岩：硅酸铝钠或硅酸铝钾矿石，见于全世界范围内的火成岩中，用于生产陶瓷和搪瓷制品〔extrusive〕Derived from magma poured out or ejected at the earth's surface. Used of igneous rocks.喷出的火山的：来自于喷出或喷在地表的岩浆的。用于火成岩〔petrogenesis〕The branch of petrology that deals with the origin of rocks, especially igneous rocks.岩石成因说，岩石发展学：研究岩石成因的岩石学的一个分支，尤其是火成岩的成因〔gabbro〕A usually coarse-grained igneous rock composed chiefly of calcic plagioclase and pyroxene. Also called norite 辉长岩：一种主要由石灰生斜长岩和辉石构成的通常质地粗糙的火成岩 也作 norite〔dolerite〕A dark, fine-grained igneous rock; diabase.粗玄岩，辉绿岩：一种暗色微粒火成岩；辉绿岩〔monzonite〕An igneous rock composed chiefly of plagioclase and orthoclase, with small amounts of other minerals.二长岩：一种主要由斜长石和正长石组成的火成岩，还含有少量其它矿物 |
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