| 单词 | 灵感 |
| 释义 | 〔inspired〕an inspired musician; an inspired performance.受神灵启示的音乐家；灵感到来时的表演〔Newton〕English mathematician and scientist who invented differential calculus and formulated the theories of universal gravitation, terrestrial mechanics, and color. His treatise on gravitation, presented inPrincipia Mathematica (1687), was supposedly inspired by the sight of a falling apple. 牛顿，艾萨克：(1642-1727) 英国数学家、科学家，他发明了微积分，系统阐述了万有引力理论、地球结构和颜色。他发表在《自然科学的数学原理》 （1687年）上关于地球引力的论文据说是因为看到苹果落地而引起的灵感 〔Scottish〕Scottish is the full, original form of the adjective. Scots is an old Scottish variant of the form; Scotch is an English contraction of Scottish that at one time also came into use in Scotland ( as in Burns's"O thou, my Muse! guid auld Scotch drink!” ) but subsequently fell into disfavor.To some extent these facts can serve as a guide in choosing among the many variant forms of related words,such asScot, Scotsman or Scotswoman, or Scotchman or Scotchwoman, for one of the people of Scotland; Scots, (the) Scotch, or, rarely, (the) Scottish for the people of Scotland; andScots, Scotch, or Scottish for the dialect of English spoken in Scotland. The forms based onScotch are English and disfavored in Scotland, while those involving the full formScottish tend to be more formal. In the interest of civility, forms involvingScotch are best avoided in reference to people. But there is no sure rule for referring to things,since the history of variation in the use of these words has also left many expressions in which the choice is fixed,such asScotch broth, Scotch whisky, Scottish rite, and Scots Guards. Scottish 是这个形容词最完整，最原始的形式。 Scots 是这种形式的一种古老的苏格兰英语变体； Scotch 是苏格兰语的一个英语缩写形式并且苏格兰人曾用过( 例如波恩斯写过“喔你，我的灵感!最古代的苏格兰饮料!” )， 但后来就不令人喜欢了。在某种意义上讲这些事实可以帮助我们在那些有联系的各种变体中选择，例如Scot, Scotsman 或者 Scotswoman, 或者 Scotchman 或者 Scotchwoman, 来指定一个苏格兰的人； Scots, (the)Scotch, 或者，很少见的 (the) Scottish 来指定一个苏格兰人； 以及Scots, Scotch, 或者 Scottish 来指示在苏格兰讲的英语方言， 以Scotch 为基础的形式是英语在苏格兰不受欢迎， 但是包括完整形式Scottish 的那些形式趋向于更正式。 考虑到礼数时，带Scotch 的形式在指人时会被尽量回避的。 不过并没有一个固定的规则来指示事物，因为由于在使用这些字时不同变体的历史已经使许多表述方式固定下来了，例如苏格兰浓汤，苏格兰威士忌，苏格兰仪式 和 苏格兰卫兵 〔inspiration〕The quality of inspiring or exalting:启示：激发灵感的或激发想象力的品质：〔caprice〕 whimsy can both mean a quaint or fantastic idea,butwhim more strongly suggests sudden inspiration, whimsy a playful or fanciful quality: whimsy 都可以表示一个古怪或怪诞的念头，但whim 更强烈地暗示着突发的灵感， 而whimsy 则更强烈地暗含一种开玩笑的或充满幻想的特性： 〔inspirational〕Of or relating to inspiration.属于或与灵感有关的〔prosaic〕Lacking in imagination and spirit; dull.乏味的：缺乏想象力和灵感的；无趣的〔Hippocrene〕A fountain on Mount Helicon, Greece, sacred to the Muses and regarded as a source of poetic inspiration.赫利孔山灵泉：赫利孔山的灵泉，在希腊境内，是缪斯的圣泉，被认为是诗的灵感的源泉〔Selkirk〕Scottish sailor who was marooned (1704-1709) on an island off Chile and is thought to have inspired Daniel Defoe'sRobinson Crusoe (published 1719). 塞尔寇克，亚历山大：(1676-1721) 苏格兰水手，曾于1704年至1709年被放逐到靠近智利海岸的一个孤岛上，据信此地激发了丹尼尔·迪佛创作《鲁滨逊漂流记》 的灵感（出版于1719年） 〔afflatus〕A strong creative impulse; divine inspiration.灵感，神感：强烈的创造欲；神明启示〔Messina〕A city of northeast Sicily, Italy, on theStrait of Messina, a channel separating Sicily from mainland Italy. Founded in the eighth century b.c. by Greek colonists. Messina was decimated by the plague in 1743 and suffered severe earthquakes in 1783 and 1908. The strait's rocks, currents, and whirlpools may have been the inspiration for the legend of Scylla and Charybdis. Population, 255,890. 墨西拿：意大利西西里岛东北部一城市，位于墨西拿海峡 沿岸，该海峡将西西里岛和意大利大陆分隔开来。该城于 公元前 8世纪由希腊殖民者创建。在1743年的瘟疫流行中该城人口大批死亡，1783年及1908年该城又遭受严重的地震灾害。斯库拉和卡律布狄斯的传说可能就得灵感于墨西拿海峡的礁石、激流与漩涡。人口255,890 〔stirring〕Exciting strong feelings, as of inspiration; rousing.See Synonyms at moving 激动的：激发强烈感情的，如灵感；刺激的 参见 moving〔Hagiographa〕from Late Greek [from neuter pl. of] hagiographos [written by inspiration, scriptural] 源自 后期希腊语 源自hagiographos的中性复数 [缘灵感而作的，经文的] 〔poesy〕The inspiration involved in composing poetry.诗的灵感：创作诗歌时感受到的灵感〔Defoe〕British writer whose most famous novel,Robinson Crusoe (1719), was inspired by the exploits of a Scottish sailor and castaway, Alexander Selkirk. He also wrote Moll Flanders and A Journal of the Plague Year (both 1722). 笛福，丹尼尔：(1660-1731) 英国作家，其著名的小说为《鲁滨逊飘流记》 （1719年），由一个叫亚历山大·塞尔科克的苏格兰海员在荒岛上的探险经历激发灵感创作而成。他还著有 《摩尔佛兰德》 和 《疫年记事》 （都作于1722年） 〔craft〕Craft has been used as a verb since the Old English period and was used in Middle English to refer specifically to the artful construction of a text or discourse.In recent years,crafted, the past participle of craft, has enjoyed a vogue as a participle referring to well-wrought writing. This may be a sign that the Jamesian conception of the literary muse has begun to yield to a Trollopian conception of literature as a kind of intellectual handicraft;or it may indicate little more than the desperation with which book reviewers seize on any novel adjective.In any event, the usage is more acceptable when applied to literary works than to other sorts of writing,and more acceptable as a participle than as a verb.It was acceptable to 73 percent of the Usage Panel in the phrasebeautifully crafted prose. By contrast, only 35 percent of the Panel accepted the sentenceThe planners crafted their proposal so as to anticipate the objections of local businesses. Craft 这一词语在古英语时期就被用作动词， 在中古英语中它被用来指某一课文或论述的精巧句法结构。近几年来，crafted 即 craft 这一词的过去分词被广泛用于描述写作佳品。 这可能是詹姆士文学灵感观念开始让位于作为一种智力创作技巧的特罗洛普文学观念的一个信号；或者它也有可能暗示了书评作者们对采用小说修饰语的进一步失望。不管怎样，把它用于指文学作品比用于指其它类型的写作更易被人接受，而用作分词比用作动词更易被人接受。用法专题使用小组中73%的成员认同它在精美构思的散文 这一短语中的用法。 与此相反，只有35%的成员认同它在策划者们制订计划以预防地方商业的阻挠 这一句子中的用法 〔encourage〕The central meaning shared by these verbs is "to impart courage, inspiration, and resolution to": 这些动词所共有的中心意思是“将勇气、灵感及决心赋予”： 〔divine〕To know by inspiration, intuition, or reflection.占卜，卜卦：由灵感、直觉或思考而得知〔stroke〕An inspired or effective idea or act:灵感：突发灵感的或富有效用的想法或行为：〔inspiration〕Something, such as a sudden creative act or idea, that is inspired.灵感：激起或唤起的事物，如突然的创造性行为或想法〔inspirational〕Providing or intended to convey inspiration.提供或意欲传达灵感的〔torchbearer〕One, such as the leader of a government, who imparts knowledge, truth, or inspiration to others.领导人；启蒙者：将知识、真理或灵感传给他人的人，例如政府领导人〔Granados〕Spanish pianist and composer noted for his nationalistic music, such asGoyescas (1912-1914), piano works inspired by the paintings of Goya. 格拉纳多斯，恩利奎：(1867-1916) 西班牙钢琴家、作曲家，以其民族化音乐而闻名，如《戈雅之画》 （1912-1914年），此钢琴曲灵感来自戈雅的画作 〔invoke〕To call on (a higher power) for assistance, support, or inspiration:乞灵：祈求（一种更高的力量）给予帮助，支持，或灵感： |
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