| 单词 | 炮兵 |
| 释义 | 〔artillerist〕A soldier in the artillery; a gunner.炮兵：炮兵部队的士兵；炮手〔artillery〕The science of the use of guns; gunnery.炮兵射击术：使用枪炮的方法；枪炮操作〔battery〕Abbr. btry.An army artillery unit, corresponding to a company in the infantry.缩写 btry.炮兵连,炮兵中队：部队炮兵单位，相当于步兵中的一个连〔Putnam〕American Revolutionary soldier who organized the batteries on Dorchester Heights that forced the British to evacuate Boston (1775).普特南，鲁富斯：(1738-1824) 美国独立战争时的士兵，他组织炮兵埋伏在多切斯特山，并迫使英军从波士顿撤退(1775年）〔lascar〕An East Indian sailor, army servant, or artillery trooper.东印度水手；军队仆佣；炮兵〔shrapnel〕Henry Shrapnel received no compensation for the invention named after him other than having his name live on in connection with it.This deadly artillery shell, invented by Shrapnel, a British artillery officer, in his spare time and at his own expense,was given its first test in South America during the British seizure of part of Suriname (1799-1802),but shrapnel came into its own during the Peninsular War (1808-1814) between Great Britain, Spanish guerrillas, Portugal, and Napoleonic France.Shrapnel's shell was first officially called thespherical case shot, but it seems that early on it was called theshrapnel shell as well (first recorded in 1806), and this was the name eventually adopted by the British army.The wordshrapnel came to be used by itself as a collective noun, and even though the shrapnel shell is no longer used,people have for some time (first recorded in 1940) called the fragments from a shell, mine, or bombshrapnel, thus ensuring the continued existence, if not the immortality, of Henry Shrapnel's name.亨利·宣普纳因这种以其名字命名的发明，除了他的名字跟这种发明联系在一起以外他一无所获。宣普纳是一位英国炮兵军官，这种致命的武器是他在闲暇时间自筹经费发明的。它的首次试用是在南美洲英国占领部分苏里南领土期间（1799-1802年）进行的，但在大布列颠、西班牙游击队、葡萄牙及拿破仑统治下的法国几方之间进行的半岛战争期间（1804-1814年），榴霰弹开始使用。一开始宣普纳的这种炮弹被官方称作霰弹 。 但这之前似乎被称为shrapnel shell （最早记录于1806年）。 这一名字最终被英国陆军采用。shrapnel 一词被用作一集合名词， 虽然榴霰弹已不再使用了，但有一段时期人们把弹丸、地雷或炸弹的碎片也称为shrapnel （最早记录于1940年）， 这样就确保了亨利·宣普纳的名字得以继续存在，即使不能永存的话〔cannoneer〕A soldier in the artillery; a gunner.炮兵：火炮部队的士兵；炮手〔shellfire〕The shooting or exploding of artillery shells.炮轰：炮兵枪炮的射击或轰炸〔cannonry〕A battery of cannons; artillery.火炮部队；炮兵〔open〕The artillery opened up at dawn.炮兵于拂晓时开口 |
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