单词 | 热心 |
释义 | 〔fancier〕One who has a special enthusiasm for or interest in something:玩赏者:对某事物有特别的兴趣或热心的人:〔shill〕One who poses as a satisfied customer or an enthusiastic gambler to dupe bystanders into participating in a swindle.雇佣骗子的骗局:一个假装成满意的顾客或一个热心的赌徒以欺骗旁观者使其参与一项骗局的骗子〔crowd〕a mob of hard-rock enthusiasts;一群摇滚乐的热心听众;〔nonchalant〕A nonchalant person is not likely to become warm or heated about anything,a fact that is underscored by the etymology of the wordnonchalant. Non-,the first part of the word, is easy to spot as a familiar negative prefix;since this word was formed in Old French,we havenon-, the Old French descendant of Latin nōn-. The second element,chalant, is the Old French present participle of the verb chaloir, meaning "to be concerned.”This in turn came from the Latin wordcalēre, which from its concrete sense "to be hot or warm" developed the figurative sense "to be roused or fired with hope, zeal, or anger.”Obviously the Old French verbchaloir has lost some of the warmth of Latin calēre, but then, the nonchalant person has little warmth or concern.The wordnonchalant is first recorded in English before 1734, although Frenchnonchalance, a derivative of French nonchalant, seems to have entered English first. Englishnonchalance is first recorded in 1678. 态度冷漠的人是不太可能变得热心或对某事激动的,这一事实被词语nonchalant的词源所强调。 Non-,这个词的第一部分, 很容易认出是个很熟悉的否定前缀;因为此词形成于古法语,我们可以说non-,来自 拉丁语 non- 在古法语中的衍生词。 第二个组成部分chalant, 是动词 chaloir 的古法语现在分词, 意思是“担忧的,关心的”。此词同样也来自于拉丁词calere , 从其具体的感觉“热的或暖和的”演变到比喻的感觉“被激起或引起希望、热心或愤怒”。很明显古法语动词chaloir 已去掉了一些拉丁语 calere 的温暖, 不过,冷漠的人确是几乎没有什么热心或关心的。词语nonchalant 在1734年前第一次被记录在英语中, 尽管法语nonchalence, 是法语 nonchalant 的派生词似乎已首先进入英语。 英语中的nonchalance 于1678年第一次被记录下来 〔warm〕To make more enthusiastic, excited, or animated.使更加热心、激动或活跃〔hearty〕Expressed warmly, exuberantly, and unrestrainedly:热心的:热烈地、奔放地和毫无拘束地表达的:〔shutterbug〕An enthusiastic amateur photographer.摄影爱好者:热心的业余摄影者〔unctuous〕Characterized by affected, exaggerated, or insincere earnestness:假殷勤的:过分做作或假意热心的:〔apostle〕A passionate adherent; a strong supporter.热心的追随者;坚决的支持者〔Forbes〕American publisher and businessman who founded and edited (1916-1954)Forbes magazine. His son Malcolm Stevenson Forbes (1919-1990), who assumed the editorship in 1957, was an avid collector and set six world records in hot-air ballooning in 1973. 福布斯,贝(尔蒂尔)·查(尔斯):(1880-1954) 美国的出版家和商人,他创立并编辑了(1916-1954年)《福布斯》 。其子 马尔科姆·史帝芬生·福布斯 (1919-1990年)1957年继承了他的事业,是个热心的收藏家,1973年在热气球飞行中创下了六个世界记录 〔love〕The outdoors is her greatest love.她最热心户外运动〔forward〕Ardently inclined; eager.热心的;乐意的〔Caboclo〕"got to know some caboclos, the Amazonian backwoods people who are some of the warmest people on earth"(Alex Shoumatoff)“到巴西印第安人那儿去打听吧,亚马孙河两岸森林里的人们是世上最为热心的人”(亚历克斯·肖马托夫)〔sedulous〕from sēdulō [zealously] 源自 sēdulō [热心的] 〔cool〕To make less ardent, intense, or zealous:使减轻(少)热情、紧张或热心:〔love〕Devotion is earnest, affectionate dedication;it implies a more selfless, often more abiding feeling thanlove : Devotion 表示热心的,充满情爱的奉献;它暗指比love 更无私,通常更执着的感情: 〔overfamiliar〕Unduly forward or brash; offensively presumptuous:过分的,令人讨厌的:不恰当地热心的或无礼的;令人讨厌的:〔court〕To flatter with solicitous overtures in an attempt to obtain something or clear away antagonism.讨好,求爱:试图获得某物或消除敌对而用热心的表示来奉承〔hot〕In a hot manner; hotly.激烈地;热心地〔enthuse〕The verbenthuse is not well accepted; its use in the sentenceThe majority leader enthused over his party's gains was rejected by 76 percent of the Usage Panel in an earlier survey.This lack of acceptance ofenthuse is often attributed to its status as a back-formation: such words often meet with disapproval on their first appearanceand only gradually become accepted over time.But other back-formationssuch asdiagnose (a back-formation from diagnosis that was first recorded in 1861) and donate (first cited in 1785 as a back-formation from donation ) are considered unimpeachable English words. This situation suggests thatin truth the continued lack of acceptance ofenthuse, first recorded in 1827, may have less to do with doubts about its lineagethan with shortcomings in its character.Unlikeenthusiasm, which denotes an internal emotional state, enthuse denotes either the external expression of emotion,as inShe enthused over attending the Oscar ceremonies, or the inducement of enthusiasm by an external source,as inHe was so enthused about the miracle diet pills that he agreed to do a testimonial for their television ad. It is possible that a distaste for this emphasis on external emotional display and manipulation is for some people the source of an uneasethat manifests itself in a distaste for the word itself.See Usage Note at intuit 动词enthuse 并未被广泛接受; 其在优势党领导人对本党的利益极为热衷 一句中的用法, 在早期调查中遭到用法使用小组百分之七十六成员的反对。Enthuse 所以不被接受常归因于它是由逆序造词法产生的词: 这种词通常在他们刚刚出现时遭到反对,只有随着时间的流逝才逐渐被人们接受。但是其它逆序生成的词,如diagnose (由 diagnosis 而逆序生成,最早见于1861年)和 donate (最先于1875年作为由 donation 一词的逆序生成词被引用)被看作无可挑剔的英语词汇。 这一情况说明,不接受enthuse 这个1827年便出现的词汇, 实际上并非出自对其来历的怀疑,而是由于其本身的缺陷。与enthusiasm 这一可表现出内在情感状况的词不同, enthuse 要么显示出情感的外在表达,如在她为参加奥斯卡颁奖仪式感到兴奋 一句中, 要么显示出外界对热情的诱惑,如他对神奇的减肥药十分热心,意欲为其电视广告写一份鉴定书 一句。 有可能由于对其强调外在情感的表现与处理的不满,导致了一些人不愿意使用这个词 参见 intuit〔active〕Disposed to take action or effectuate change:积极的,热心的:乐意采取行动的或愿意有所变化的:〔big〕Enthusiastic about; partial to:对…热心的;对…过分偏爱:〔extroverted〕"the hearty and extroverted types who dominated public life in Boston"(Thomas P. O'Neill, Jr.)“置身于波士顿公共生活的热心的和外向的类型”(小托马斯P.奥涅尔)〔zealot〕One who is zealous, especially excessively so.狂热者:热心的人,特指过分地热衷〔localism〕Devotion to local interests and customs.乡土观念:对地方兴趣及风格的热心〔modality〕“[He] grew so enthusiastic about our prospects that he began to speculate on the modalities of signing" (Henry A. Kissinger)“[他] 变得为此看好我们的前景,甚至热心地开始筹划签字的仪式了” (亨利A.基辛格)〔fervent〕Having or showing great emotion or zeal; ardent:热情的,强烈的:有或表现出极大的感情或热心的;热烈的:〔jealous〕from Late Latin zēlus [zeal] * see zeal 源自 后期拉丁语 zēlus [热心] * 参见 zeal〔rabid〕Extremely zealous or enthusiastic; fanatical:狂热的:极端热心或充满激情的;狂热的:〔gamesman〕One who plays a sport or game, especially skillfully or avidly.竞技者:参与体育运动和游戏的人,尤指熟练地或热心地〔warm〕Marked by enthusiasm; ardent:热情的:以热情为特征的;热心的:〔evangelism〕Zealous preaching and dissemination of the gospel, as through missionary work.福音的传播:热心地宣讲和传播福音,如通过传教士的工作 |
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