| 单词 | 热气球 |
| 释义 | 〔pilot〕The pilot of an aircraft flying through the air has a foot on the ground not literallybut etymologically.If we poke around in the etymological soil for the roots of the wordpilot, we find that it goes back to the Indo-European rootped-, meaning "foot.” From the lengthened-grade suffixed formpēdo- came the Greek word pēdon, "blade of an oar,” and in the plural, "rudder.” In Medieval Greekthere is assumed to have existed the derivativepēdōtēs, "steersman,” which passed into Old Italian and acquired several forms,includingpedota, and pilota, the form that was borrowed into Old French aspilot. English borrowed the word from French,and aspilot it has moved from the water to the air, first being recorded in 1848 with reference to an airborne pilot—a balloonist.飞行员一脚踩地飞进天空这句话字面上虽讲不通，但在词源上却可以。如果为找到pilot 的根源而溯其词源， 我们会发现它源自印欧语系词根ped- 意为“脚”。 从加长的这个词根的后缀形式pedo- 我们得到希腊词语 pedon “桨叶”及复数形式，“舵”。 在中世纪的希腊，据称曾存在派生词pedotes “舵手”， 该词进了古意大利语并添了一些形式，包括pedota 和 pilota ， 这些形式被法语借用过来，便成了pilot 。 英语又借自法语，随着pilot 从水上被移用到天上， 于1848年第一次用来指天上飞行员——热气球驾驶员〔basket〕A usually open gondola suspended from a hot-air balloon.吊篮：悬挂在热气球上，通常为敞口的吊篮〔Montgolfier〕French aeronautic inventor who with his brotherJacques Étienne (1745-1799) built and ascended in the first practical hot-air balloon (1783). 蒙戈尔费埃，约瑟夫·米切尔：(1740-1810) 法国航空发明家，与其兄雅克·艾蒂安 (1745-1799年）制造了第一个可飞行热气球并乘该气球升空 〔Piccard〕Swiss physicist and aeronaut known for his experiments at extreme altitudes and depths. He designed a balloon that in 1932 carried him to 16,946.7 meters (55,563 feet) and invented a bathyscaphe that in 1953 reached a depth of 3,151.3 meters (10,332 feet).皮卡尔，奥古斯特：(1884-1962) 瑞士物理学家和热气球驾驶员，因其在极高海拔和极深层的实验而闻名。1932年他乘自己设计的气球到达海拔16,946.7米(55,563英尺）的高空，他还发明了一种深海探测潜水艇，1953年这只艇到达海底3,151.3米(10,332英尺）的深处〔Forbes〕American publisher and businessman who founded and edited (1916-1954)Forbes magazine. His son Malcolm Stevenson Forbes (1919-1990), who assumed the editorship in 1957, was an avid collector and set six world records in hot-air ballooning in 1973. 福布斯，贝（尔蒂尔）·查（尔斯）：(1880-1954) 美国的出版家和商人，他创立并编辑了（1916-1954年）《福布斯》 。其子 马尔科姆·史帝芬生·福布斯 （1919-1990年）1957年继承了他的事业，是个热心的收藏家，1973年在热气球飞行中创下了六个世界记录 |
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