| 单词 | 热衷 |
| 释义 | 〔absorbed〕Wholly involved or occupied; engrossed.See Synonyms at abstracted 热衷的，专注的：完全陷入或投入的；全神贯注的 参见 abstracted〔zealot〕One who is zealous, especially excessively so.狂热者：热心的人，特指过分地热衷〔fiend〕a crossword-puzzle fiend.热衷猜字迷的人〔edge〕Keenness, as of desire or enjoyment; zest:渴望，热衷：欲望或欢乐的强烈；狂热：〔enthusiasm〕A source or cause of great excitement or interest.热衷的事物：激发热情或兴趣的事物〔individuality〕She was so absorbed by the movement that she lost all sense of individuality.她过于热衷这项运动，以致于完全失去了自己的独特之处〔enthuse〕The verbenthuse is not well accepted; its use in the sentenceThe majority leader enthused over his party's gains was rejected by 76 percent of the Usage Panel in an earlier survey.This lack of acceptance ofenthuse is often attributed to its status as a back-formation: such words often meet with disapproval on their first appearanceand only gradually become accepted over time.But other back-formationssuch asdiagnose (a back-formation from diagnosis that was first recorded in 1861) and donate (first cited in 1785 as a back-formation from donation ) are considered unimpeachable English words. This situation suggests thatin truth the continued lack of acceptance ofenthuse, first recorded in 1827, may have less to do with doubts about its lineagethan with shortcomings in its character.Unlikeenthusiasm, which denotes an internal emotional state, enthuse denotes either the external expression of emotion,as inShe enthused over attending the Oscar ceremonies, or the inducement of enthusiasm by an external source,as inHe was so enthused about the miracle diet pills that he agreed to do a testimonial for their television ad. It is possible that a distaste for this emphasis on external emotional display and manipulation is for some people the source of an uneasethat manifests itself in a distaste for the word itself.See Usage Note at intuit 动词enthuse 并未被广泛接受； 其在优势党领导人对本党的利益极为热衷 一句中的用法， 在早期调查中遭到用法使用小组百分之七十六成员的反对。Enthuse 所以不被接受常归因于它是由逆序造词法产生的词： 这种词通常在他们刚刚出现时遭到反对，只有随着时间的流逝才逐渐被人们接受。但是其它逆序生成的词，如diagnose （由 diagnosis 而逆序生成，最早见于1861年）和 donate （最先于1875年作为由 donation 一词的逆序生成词被引用）被看作无可挑剔的英语词汇。 这一情况说明，不接受enthuse 这个1827年便出现的词汇， 实际上并非出自对其来历的怀疑，而是由于其本身的缺陷。与enthusiasm 这一可表现出内在情感状况的词不同， enthuse 要么显示出情感的外在表达，如在她为参加奥斯卡颁奖仪式感到兴奋 一句中， 要么显示出外界对热情的诱惑，如他对神奇的减肥药十分热心，意欲为其电视广告写一份鉴定书 一句。 有可能由于对其强调外在情感的表现与处理的不满，导致了一些人不愿意使用这个词 参见 intuit〔trip〕A usually temporary but absorbing interest:迷恋，热衷：一种通常是短暂的但很专注的兴趣：〔monomania〕Intent concentration on or exaggerated enthusiasm for a single subject or idea.狂热：对某一事物或想法高度注意或过分热衷〔scatology〕The psychiatric study of such an obsession.对这类热衷的精神研究〔diatribe〕Listening to a lengthy diatribe may seem like a waste of time,an attitude for which there is some etymological justification.The Greek worddiatribē, the ultimate source of our word, is derived from the verb diatribein, made up of the prefixdia-, "completely,” and tribein, "to rub,” "to wear away, spend, or waste time,” "to be busy.” The verbdiatribein meant "to rub hard,” "to spend or waste time,” and the noundiatribē meant "wearing away of time, amusement, serious occupation, study,” as well as "discourse, short ethical treatise or lecture, debate, argument.”It is the serious occupation of time in discourse, lecture, and debate that gave us the first use ofdiatribe recorded in English (1581), in the now archaic sense "discourse, critical dissertation.”The critical element of this kind of diatribe must often have been uppermost,explaining the origin of the current sense ofdiatribe, "a bitter criticism.” 听唠唠叨叨的絮语也许好象是浪费时间，这是一种态度，一些词源对此有所表明。该词的终源希腊单词diatribe 起源于由动词 diatribein ； 而后者是由前缀dia- “完全地”和 tribein （“消磨、消逝、花费或浪费时间”，“忙于”）所构成的。 动词diartibein 意思是“难熬”、“花费或浪费时间”， 而名词diatribe 意思是“时间消逝、消遣、热衷消遣，研究”， 还有“论文、伦理学论文，伦理学论文或讲演，争辩，论据”。在（1581年）英语中记载的第一次使用diatribe 是热衷于把时间消磨在论文、讲演和争辩中， 现在古体文含义是“论文，批评式的学术演讲”。这种论文所含批评因素必须常常占最主要的，它解释了diatribe 现代含义“尖刻批评”的词源 〔dear〕Earnest; ardent:热切的；热衷的：〔evangelical〕Characterized by ardent or crusading enthusiasm; zealous:热衷的，狂热的：以热衷的宗教狂热或圣战般的宗教狂热为特征的；狂热的：〔burden〕"The burden of what he said was to defend enthusiastically the conservative aristocracy"(J.A. Froude)See Synonyms at substance “他所说的主题是热衷地保护守旧的贵族”(J.A.弗劳德) 参见 substance〔stater〕Lone Star staters; farm staters; the struggle between slave staters and free staters.热衷孤星州的人；拥护农业州的人；蓄奴与废奴者之间的斗争〔clubwoman〕A woman who is a member of a club or clubs, especially one who is active in club life.俱乐部女会员：一个或多个俱乐部的女性成员，尤指热衷俱乐部活动的 |
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