| 单词 | 版本 |
| 释义 | 〔imprint〕A publisher's name, often with the date, address, and edition, printed at the bottom of a title page of a publication.标记：出版者的名字，往往和出版日期、地址和版本及一起印在印刷品的扉页的底部〔revise〕To prepare a newly edited version of (a text).修订：准备（教科书）的新编版本〔edition〕The entire number of copies of a publication issued at one time or from a single set of type.版本：同期发行的出版物总印数或一种版式的总印数〔vulgate〕from Late Latin vulgāta (ēditiō) [popular (edition)] 源自 后期拉丁语 vulgāta (ēditiō) [普遍的（版本）] 〔old〕Often Old Abbr. O,o.Being the earlier or earliest of two or more related objects, stages, versions, or periods. 常作 Old 缩写 O,o.较早的：两个或更多个相关事物、阶段、版本或阶段中较早的或最早的一个的〔reprint〕To make a new copy or edition of; print again.重印：制作…的新的复制品或版本；再次印刷〔Elohist〕The putative author of the earliest sources of the Pentateuch in which God is called Elohim.伊罗兴：《五经》(摩西的)最早版本的作者，其称上帝为埃洛希姆〔softcover〕softcover books; a softcover edition.软皮书；软皮装版本〔Kyd〕English dramatist who wroteThe Spanish Tragedy (c. 1584), is thought to have contributed to Shakespeare's Titus Andronicus and Henry VI, and may have written a version of Hamlet. 基德，托马斯：(1558-1594) 英国戏剧家，他写的《西班牙悲剧》 （1584年），被认为促成了莎士比亚的 《提图斯·安德罗尼古斯》 和 《亨利六世》 ，他可能还写了 《哈姆莱特》 的一种版本 〔Psalter〕A book containing the Book of Psalms or a particular version of, musical setting for, or selection from it.《诗篇》译本（唱本，选本）：一本包含《诗篇》特殊版本，配乐或《诗篇》选本的书〔lucre〕When William Tyndale translatedaiskhron kerdos, "shameful gain" (Titus 1:11), as filthy lucre in his edition of the Bible, he was tarring the wordlucre for the rest of its existence. But we cannot lay the pejorative sense oflucre completely at Tyndale's door. He was merely a link,albeit a strong one,in a process that had begun long before with respect to the ancestor of our word,the Latin wordlucrum, "material gain, profit.” This process was probably controlled by the inevitable conjunction of profit, especially monetary profit, with evils such as greed.In Latinlucrum also meant "avarice,” and in Middle Englishlucre, besides meaning "monetary gain, profit,” meant "illicit gain.”Furthermore, many of the contexts in which the neutral sense of the word appeared were not that neutral,as in "It is a wofull thyng . . . ffor lucre of goode . . . A man to fals his othe [it is a sad thing for a man to betray his oath for monetary gain].”Tyndale thus merely helped the process along when he gave us the phrasefilthy lucre. 当威廉·廷代尔在他的《圣经》版本里把aiskhon kerdos （“可耻的收获”）翻译成 filthy lucre 时， 他就把lucre 这个词当作贬义了， 这个词以后也就这样解释了。但是我们不能把lucre 这个词的贬义全部归于廷代尔名下。 他只是整个过程的一个环节，尽管是个有力的环节，这个过程早在我们这个词的祖先，拉丁字lucrum （意为“物质获得，利润”）就开始了。 这个过程很可能与带有类似贪婪这样的罪恶利润，尤其是钱财利润不可避免地联系在一起。在拉丁文里，lucrum 也有“贪婪”的意思。 在中世纪英语中，lucre 除了有“钱财收入，利润”的意思之外， 还意味着“不正当的所得”。更进一步说，即使这个词意思是中性的，但上下文却不是那么的中性，比如“一个人为了钱财背弃自己的誓言。”廷代尔在给我们短语filthy lucre 时，仅仅有助于把这个过程延续下来 〔version〕An adaptation of a work of art or literature into another medium or style:版本：一件文学或艺术作品向另一种媒介或形式的改编：〔Hicks〕American painter of primitive works, notablyThe Peaceable Kingdom, of which nearly 100 versions exist. 希克斯，爱德华：(1780-1849) 美国画家，作品风格朴实无华，主要有《和平的王国》 ，这副画现存将近100个版本 〔bibliography〕The description and identification of the editions, dates of issue, authorship, and typography of books or other written material.书籍或其它作品的版本、发行日期、著者和印刷的分类和鉴定〔reprint〕A new printing that is identical to an original; a reimpression.重印本：与原版本相同的新的印刷品；翻印品〔syphilis〕In 1530 Girolamo Fracastoro, a physician, astronomer, and poet of Verona,published a poem entitled "Syphilis, sive Morbus Gallicus,” translated as "Syphilis, or the French Disease.” In Fracastoro's poem the name of this dreaded venereal disease is an altered form of the hero's name,Syphilus. The hero, a shepherd, is supposed to have been the first victim of the disease. Where the nameSyphilus itself came from is not known for certain, but it has been suggested that Fracastoro borrowed the name from Ovid'sMetamorphoses. In Ovid's work Sipylus (spelledSiphylus in some manuscripts) is the oldest son of Niobe, who lived not far from Mount Sipylon in Asia Minor.Fracastoro's poem about Syphilus was modeled on the story of Niobe.Although the etymology involving Sipylus was known to the editors of theOxford English Dictionary, it was not accepted as their last word on the subject.C.T. Onions, one of the dictionary's editors, writing in theOxford Dictionary of English Etymology, says that “ Syphilus [the shepherd's name] is of unkn[own] origin.” Fracastoro went on to use the termsyphilis again in his medical treatise De Contagione, published in 1546. The word that Fracastoro used in Latin was eventually borrowed into English, being first recorded in 1718.1530年，吉罗拉莫·弗拉卡斯特罗，一位医生，天文学家，也是维罗纳的诗人，发表了名为"Syphius, sive Morbus Gallicus"的诗，译作“梅毒，或法国疾病”。在弗拉卡斯特罗的诗中，这种可怕的性病的名字是主人公名字 Syphilus（西弗乐斯） 的变体。 主人公是一名牧羊人，据认为是该病的第一个受害者。 Syphilus（西弗乐斯） 这一名字本身的来源并不明确， 但有人认为弗拉卡斯特罗是从奥维德的变形记 中借用的。 在奥维德的作品中，西皮卢斯（Sipylus）（有些版本写作Siphylus ）是尼俄柏的大儿子， 他住在小亚细亚的锡皮劳恩山附近。弗拉卡斯特罗的有关西弗乐斯的诗是以尼俄柏的故事为原型的。尽管牛津英语词典 的编者们知道有关西弗乐斯的词源， 这种词源解释还没有被最终确认下来。该词典的编者之一，C·T·奥尼恩斯在牛津英语词源 中写道“ 西弗乐斯 的词源不详”。 在弗拉卡斯特罗发表于1546年的医学论文传染病 中，他继续用 梅毒 这一词语。 弗拉卡斯特罗用的这一拉丁语词是终被借用进英语，其最早的记录出现于1718年〔outtake〕A complete version, as of a recording, that is dropped in favor of another version.遗弃的版本：出于对另一版本的偏受而被遗弃的（如录制节目的）完整的版本〔impression〕All the copies of a publication printed at one time from the same set of type.印数，印次：用同一个版本一次印刷的所有印刷物〔reissue〕A reprinting of postage stamps from unchanged plates.重印邮票：同一版本的邮票的重印〔edit〕To prepare an edition of for publication:发行：为出版准备版本：〔Kent〕American artist noted for his stark woodcuts, which illustrated published accounts of his travels and special editions of classic literary works.肯特，罗克韦尔：(1882-1971) 美国画家，以其质朴的木版画著名，他的木版画显示了已出版的有关他的旅行的描绘，有的还是展示古典文学作品的特殊版本〔Bible〕A particular copy of a Bible:《圣经》的版本：圣经的一个特殊本：〔inkling〕One of the more fascinating journeys in the histories of words is the one that linksnest and inkling. We begin this journey with the Indo-European rootnizdo-, which by way of Germanic.nist- will give us nest but also leads to Latinnīdus, "nest.” From Latinnīdus may come Old French (and modern French) niche, meaning "niche.” It is possible that in Old French a variant form existed that was borrowed into Middle English asnik, meaning "a notch, tally.” This word seems related to the Middle English wordnikken, which may mean "to mark a text for correction,”andnikking, "a hint, slight indication,” or possibly "a whisper, mention.” The wordnikking appears only once, in a Middle English text composed around 1400, as does the wordningkiling, found in another copy of the same text. It is possible thatningkiling is from nikking. Furthermore, it is probable that people divideda ninkling incorrectly and got an inkling, just as they did witha napron, getting an apron. If all this has indeed happened,inkling has come a long way from the nest. 在单词的演变史中，从nest 到 inkling 是一个有趣的过程。 我们从印欧语系词根nizdo- 开始， 通过日耳曼语的nist- 变为我们的 nest ， 也衍生出拉丁语的nidus ，“巢”之意。 从拉丁语的nidus 有了古法语（和现代法语）中的 niche ，表示“壁龛”。 有可能在法语中有一个变体是从中古英语的nik （刻痕，计分）变化而来。 这个词看来与中古英语中的nikken 一词有关， 它的意思是“为改正一篇文字而做记号”，也与nikking 有关，意为“暗示，轻微指示”或也可能是“低声说话，提及”之意。 在一篇1400年左右所作的中古英语文章中，hikking 只出现了一次， 在同样内容的另一份版本中ningkiling 也只出现了一次。 所以有可能ninkiling 是由 nikking 变化而来。 此外，很有可能人们错误地将a ninkling 分开从而得到 an inkling ， 就象人们错误地处理a napron 从而得到 an apron 一样。 如果所有这些真的发生了，inkling 一词从其巢穴走了一条长长的演变之路 〔polyglot〕A book, especially a Bible, containing several versions of the same text in different languages.多种文字对照本：包含同一文本的几种语言版本的书，尤其指《圣经》〔Malone〕British scholar and literary critic noted for his chronology of Shakespeare's plays and his editions of Shakespeare (1790) and Dryden (1800).马隆，埃德蒙：(1741-1812) 英国学者和文学评论家，以他编订的莎士比亚戏剧年表和莎士比亚(1790年）和德莱顿(1800年）版本而闻名〔edition〕Middle English edicion [version, translation] 中古英语 edicion [版本，翻译] 〔North〕English translator whose edition of the works of Plutarch served as a source for many of Shakespeare's plays.诺思爵士，托马斯：(1535?-1601?) 英国翻译家，他的关于蒲鲁特克著作的版本被用作许多莎士比亚戏剧的来源〔showy〕a pretentious scholarly edition;夸耀的学术版本；〔Bradford〕English-born American colonial printer whose press produced the first American Book of Common Prayer (1710), New York City's first newspaper (1725), and numerous other items.布拉德福，威廉：(1663-1752) 英裔美籍殖民印刷商，他的出版社发行了第一批美国版本的英国国教祈祷书（1710年），纽约城的第一张报纸（1725年）及大量的其他印刷制品〔text〕One of the editions or forms of a written work:版本：所写著作的一个版本或形式：〔reinvent〕"Call it reinventing the wheel or recasting old ideas, but these contemporary versions have a spirit and style all their own"(New York Times)“称它是重新从头做也好，重新表达老主意也好，但是这些当代的版本有它们自己的精神和风格”(纽约时报)〔edition〕A version of an earlier publication having substantial changes or additions:修订版：对以前的出版物进行重大修改或添加的版本：〔issue〕A distinct set of copies of an edition of a book distinguished from others of that edition by variations in the printed matter.特刊，特辑：一本书在印刷材料上不同于其它版本的一套特殊的版本〔reimpression〕A second impression, as of a book, that is identical to the original; a reprint.再版：和原版本一模一样的书的重印；再次印刷〔compare〕The committee will have to compare the Senate's version of the bill with the version that was passed by the House. 委员会需要将参议院议案的版本与下议院通过的作比较。 〔vulgate〕Vulgate Abbr. Vulg.,Vul.The Latin edition or translation of the Bible made by Saint Jerome at the end of the fourth centurya.d. , now used in a revised form as the Roman Catholic authorized version. Vulgate 缩写 Vulg.,Vul.拉丁语圣经：公元 4世纪末期圣杰隆所著圣经的拉丁版本或译本，现在其重修版本为罗马天主教认可的版本 |
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