| 单词 | 特指 |
| 释义 | 〔elevated〕Raised especially above the ground:抬高的：特指抬高于地面：〔tup〕A heavy metal body, especially the head of a power hammer.锤头：一种重的金属体，特指汽锤或打桩机的锤头〔dispatch〕A written message, particularly an official communication, sent with speed.急件，快递：迅速发送的书面消息，特指官方通讯〔advisory〕A report giving information, especially a warning:报告：提供信息的报告，特指警告：〔typhoon〕Perhaps few words better illustrate the polyglot background of English thantyphoon, with its Chinese, Arabic, East Indian, and Greek background. The Greek wordtyphon, both the name of the father of the winds and a common noun meaning "whirlwind, typhoon,” was borrowed into Arabic (as was many a Greek word during the Middle Ages, when Arabic learning both preserved the classical heritage and expanded upon it, passing it on to Europe).Ùūfān, the Arabic version of the Greek word, passed into languages spoken in India,where Arabic-speaking Moslem invaders had settled in the 11th century.Thus the descendant of the Arabic word,passing into English (first recorded in 1588) through an Indian languageand appearing in English in forms such astouffon and tufan, originally referred specifically to a severe storm in India.China, another great empire, gave us yet another word for a storm,in this case the hurricane that occurred in the waters around China.This Chinese word in its Cantonese form,toi fung, was similar to our Arabic borrowing and is first recorded in English guise astuffoon in 1699. The various forms coalesced and finally becametyphoon. 也许很少有单词能像typhoon 一样表明汉语、阿拉伯语、东印度语和希腊语的多国语言背景。 希腊单词typhon 既是风神的姓名又是意为“旋风，台风”的普通名词， 被借入到阿拉伯语（就象在中世纪时许多希腊语单词进入阿拉伯语一样，那时，阿拉伯人的学问保存了古典的风格，同时在把它传向欧洲时又有所扩充）。Tufan ，希腊语的阿拉伯语形式， 传入到了印度人使用的语言，11世纪时讲阿拉伯语的穆斯林入侵者在印度定居下来。这样，阿拉伯语单词的衍生，从印度语言进入英语（最早记载于1588年），并以如touffon 和 tufan 的形式出现于英语中， 最先特指印度的猛烈风暴。中国，另一个大帝国，给了我们风暴的另一个单词，这里指的是在中国附近洋面发生的飓风。汉语单词的广东语形式toi fung 同我们的阿拉伯语借用词相近， 最早以tuffoon 的形式于1699年载入英语。 各种形式合并在一起最后变成了typhoon 〔aerophagia〕The abnormal, spasmodic swallowing of air, especially as a symptom of hysteria.吞气症：异常的痉挛性吞气，特指歇斯底里的症状〔inventory〕A detailed, itemized list, report, or record of things in one's possession, especially a periodic survey of all goods and materials in stock.财产目录：个人财产中物品的详细的、逐条登录的目录、报告或记录，特指对所存的全部货物和材料所做的阶段性的统计〔churchyard〕A yard adjacent to a church, especially a cemetery.教堂墓地：教堂相邻的院子，特指墓地〔figure〕A pictorial or sculptural representation, especially of the human body.画像、塑像：图片或雕塑的表现，特指人体形象〔breach〕 Infringement is most frequently used specifically to denote encroachment on another's rights,such as those granted by a copyright: Infringement 常用来特指侵害他人的权力，如受版权保护的权力： 〔inure〕To habituate to something undesirable, especially by prolonged subjection; accustom:使习惯于：特指经过较长时间的适应而习惯于曾经厌烦的东西；使适应：〔marine〕Of or relating to troops that serve at sea as well as on land, specifically the U.S. Marine Corps.海军陆战队的：（有关）服役于海陆两地的部队的，特指美国海军陆战队〔trigraphic〕Of, relating to, or being a substitution or procedure by groups of three characters or elements at a time in encoding, decoding, or cryptanalysis.一次三个字母的：属于、关于一次替换或操作三个字或二个元素的，特指在设置密码、破译密码或密码分析中〔busy〕 Busy, the most general, often refers simply and nonspecifically to engagement in activity: Busy 是最普遍的，通常指简单地和无特指意义的从事活动： 〔dexterous〕Handy suggests a more modest aptitude, principally in manual work: Handy 表示更加敏锐，特指体力劳动： 〔financial〕Fiscal applies especially to a nation's financial practices and policies: Fiscal 特指国家财政事务及政策： 〔banish〕Exile specifies departure from one's own country, either involuntarily because of legal expulsion or voluntarily because of adverse circumstances: Exile 特指离开某人的祖国，或因遭到法律上的驱逐非自愿地离开或因形势不利而自愿地离开： 〔eutectic〕Of, relating to, or formed at the lowest possible temperature of solidification for any mixture of specified constituents. Used especially of an alloy whose melting point is lower than that of any other alloy composed of the same constituents in different proportions.低共熔的，易熔的：有关或涉及任何一种特定成分混合物固化最低温度的。通常特指一种合金的熔点比其它任何相同成分、但比例不同的合金熔点都要低〔incisive〕Clear-cut specifies distinctness and sharpness of definition: Clear-cut 特指定义的明确清晰： 〔brickbat〕The earliest sense ofbrickbat, recorded in a work first published in 1563, was "a piece of brick.” Such pieces of brick have not infrequently been thrown at others in the hope of injuring them;hence, the figurativebrickbats (first recorded in 1929) that critics hurl at performances they dislike. The appearance ofbat as the second part of this compound is explained by the fact that the word bat, "war club, cudgel,” developed in Middle English the sense "chunk, clod, wad,” and in the 16th century came to be used specifically for a piece of brick that was unbroken on one end.brickbat 最早的意义记录在1563年首次出版的一部著作中，意为“一块砖。” 这样的砖块常用来投掷他人，意在将人打伤；因此，含比喻意义的brickbats （1929年第一次被记录下来）指批评家抨击他们厌恶的表演。 bat 一词作为这一复合词的第二部分出现可用下列事实来解释，即意为“警棍，短棒”的 bat 一词在中世纪英语中发展为“厚块、泥块、软团”的意思， 16世纪被用来特指一端没有破损的砖块〔machine〕A literary device used to produce an effect, especially the introduction of a supernatural being to resolve a plot.产生文学效果：为产生效果的文学手段，特指引进超自然因素使情节得以解决〔chrysalis〕A pupa, especially of a moth or butterfly, enclosed in a firm case or cocoon.蛹：蛹，特指蛾子或蝴蝶，包在坚固的壳或茧中〔leveret〕A young hare, especially one less than a year old.小野兔：特指不满一岁的小野兔〔faldstool〕A folding chair or stool, especially one used by a bishop when not occupying the throne or when presiding away from the cathedral.折叠椅：可折叠的椅子或凳子，特指主教离开主教座或他的主教座堂以外主持圣事时使用的〔zygote〕The cell formed by the union of two gametes, especially a fertilized ovum before cleavage. 合子：两个配子结合而成的细胞，特指分裂前的受精卵〔macula〕Also mac.ule [-yo͞ol'] A spot, stain, or blemish, especially an area of discoloration on the skin caused by excess or lack of pigment. 也作 mac.ule [-yo͞ol'] 斑点：斑点、污点或瑕疵，特指皮肤由于色素过多或过少而产生的变色区域〔abstinence〕 Continence specifically refers to abstention from sexual activity. Continence 特指性生活上的节制〔away〕From a particular thing or place:远离：远离某件特指的事情或地点：〔fashion〕In some way or other, especially to a limited extent:勉强，马马虎虎：多少有一点儿，特指在某种受限制的范围内：〔chromous〕Of, relating to, or containing chromium, especially with valence 2.铬的：铬的，有关铬的或含铬的，特指二价铬〔hide〕The skin of an animal, especially the thick, tough skin or pelt of a large animal.兽皮：动物的皮，特指动物厚密、粗糙的生皮或毛皮〔aero〕Aerodynamic in styling. Used especially of an automobile or a van.流线型的：流线型的。用以特指汽车或轻型汽车的款式〔aftereffect〕An effect following its cause after some delay, especially a delayed or prolonged physiological or psychological response to a stimulus.事后影响：对某一事件的延后影响，特指对某种刺激推迟或延期的生理或心理反应〔financial〕Monetary has special reference to the coinage, printing, or circulation of currency: Monetary 特指 货币的造币、印制与发行： 〔fillet〕A strip or compact piece of boneless meat or fish, especially the beef tenderloin.肉片或鱼片：一片或一小条无骨头的肉或鱼，特指牛腰部的嫩肉〔third〕A tone separated by three degrees from a given tone, especially the third tone of a scale.第三音：距给定音三度的音调，特指音阶中第三个音〔intima〕The innermost membrane of an organ or a part, especially the inner lining of a lymphatic vessel, an artery, or a vein.内膜：器官或部位最里面的膜，特指淋巴管、动脉或静脉的内里〔independent〕Often Independent One that is independent, especially a voter, an officeholder, or a political candidate who is not committed to a political party. 常作 Independent 无党派人士，独立人士：独立的人士，特指不属于任何一政治党派的选民、公职人员或政治候选人〔diapedesis〕The movement or passage of blood cells, especially white blood cells, through intact capillary walls into surrounding body tissue.血球渗出：血细胞的渗出或流出，特指白细胞透过完整的毛细血管壁渗入周围的肌体组织中〔tourniquet〕A device, typically a tightly encircling bandage, used to check bleeding by temporarily stopping the flow of blood through a large artery in a limb.止血带、压脉器：一种装置，特指一紧紧环绕的绷带，通过暂时阻止血液从四肢的较大动脉中流过而止血 |
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