| 单词 | 犯错误 |
| 释义 | 〔stray〕To deviate from a moral, proper, or right course; err.偏离：偏离道德的、恰当的或正确的道路；犯错误〔unmistakable〕Impossible to mistake or misinterpret; obvious:不会弄错的：不可能在上面犯错误或误解的；明显的：〔stumble〕To fall into evil ways; err.走入歧途，犯错误〔shall〕The sentenceYou shall have your money expresses a promise ("I will see that you get your money"), whereasYou will have your money makes a simple prediction. · Such, at least, are the traditional rules.But the distinction has never taken firm root outside of what H.W. Fowler described as "the English of the English" (as opposed to that of the Scots and Irish), and even there it has always been subject to variation.Despite the efforts of generations of American schoolteachers, the distinction is largely alien to the modern American idiom.In Americawill is used to express most of the senses reserved for shall in English usage, andshall itself is restricted to first person interrogative proposals, as inShall we go? and to certain fixed expressions, such asWe shall overcome. Shall is also used in formal style to express an explicit obligation,as inApplicants shall provide a proof of residence, though this sense is also expressed bymust or should. In speech the distinction that the English signal by the choice ofshall or will may be rendered by stressing the auxiliary, as in I will leave tomorrow ("I intend to leave"); by choosing another auxiliary, such as must or have to; or by using an adverb such as certainly. · Many earlier American writers observed the traditional distinction betweenshall and will, and some continue to do so.The practice cannot be called incorrect,though it may strike American ears as somewhat mannered.But the distinction is difficult for those who do not come by it natively,and Americans who essay ashall in an unfamiliar context run considerable risk of getting it wrong, and so of being caught out in that most embarrassing of linguistic gaffes, the bungled Anglicism.See Usage Note at should 句子你将得到你的钱 表达了一种承诺（“我将保证你得到你的钱”）， 而你会得到你的钱 仅仅做出了简单预测。 这些至少是传统规则。但是这种用法上的区别仅局限于H·W·福勒所描述的“英格兰人的英语”（与苏格兰人和爱尔兰人的英语相对），即使在英格兰英语中它一直在变化。尽管经过几代美国学校教师的努力，这种区别对现代美国习惯用语仍是相当生疏的。在美国，will 被用来表达在英国用法中大多为 shall 保留的含义， 而shall 则限于第一人称疑问句式的提议， 如在我们该走了吧? 及某些固定表达中， 例如我们会克服的。 Shall 也用在正式文体中表示明确职责，如申请者应提供居留证明 ， 虽然这个意义也可用must 或 should 表达。 在口语中可以通过强调助动词shall 或 will ，如 我 将 于明天离开 （“我打算明天离开”）；或通过选择另一个助动词 must 或 have to ；或通过使用如 certainly 这样的副词来表达英国人用这两个词时的区别。 许多早期的美国作家注意到了shall 和 will 之间的传统区别， 而且一些人仍在继续这样做。这种用法不能被称作不正确，虽然美国人听起来有点矫揉造作的意味。但是这种区别对于那些不能通过母语了解它的人是困难的，而且在一个不熟悉的上下文中，试图用shall 的美国人很有可能犯错误， 因而在许多令人难堪的语言即被搞得一团糟的英式英语中出丑 参见 should〔erroneous〕from errāre [to err, wander] * see ers- 源自 errāre [犯错误，差开正道，离题] * 参见 ers- 〔from〕keep someone from making a mistake; liberation from bondage.不让某人犯错误；解开绷带〔error〕from errāre [to err] * see ers- 源自 errāre [犯错误] * 参见 ers- 〔offense〕"All men are liable to error;and most men are . . . under temptation to it" (John Locke).“所有的人都会犯错误；大多数人都会…受它的诱惑”。 （约翰·洛克）〔penitentiary〕Relating to or used for punishment or reform of criminals or wrongdoers.惩治的：有关或用作惩处或教养罪犯或犯错误者的〔misconduct〕Deliberate wrongdoing, especially by government or military officials.胡作非为：故意犯错误，尤指由政府或军队官员进行的〔errant〕Straying from the proper course or standards:犯错误的：偏离适宜轨迹或标准的：〔infallible〕Incapable of erring:不可能犯错误的：〔err〕To make an error or a mistake.犯错误，出差错〔errant〕and partly from Old French errer [to err] * see err 并且部分源自 古法语 errer [犯错误] * 参见 err〔goof〕To make a silly mistake; blunder.犯错误：犯愚蠢的错误；犯大错〔misleading〕These adjectives describe what leads or tends to lead one into error or wrongdoing.这些形容词都描述导致某人犯错误或有导致某人犯错的倾向的事物。〔blunderbuss〕A person regarded as clumsy and stupid.老犯错误的人，笨拙的人：被认为很笨拙和愚蠢的人〔goofproof〕Protected against mistakes:避免犯错误的：〔devious〕Departing from the correct or accepted way; erring:犯错误的，步入歧途的：违反正确或可接受的方式；走入岐途的：〔restrain〕"a light to guide, a rod/To check the erring" (William Wordsworth).Tobridle is often to hold in or govern one's emotions or passions: “一束引路的光，一根/防止犯错误的棍” （威廉·华兹华斯）。Bridle 常指压抑或控制自己的感情或激情： 〔trip〕To cause to stumble or fall.使犯错误：使失误，诱导某人犯错误或抓住某人的前后不一致〔dead〕In the very act of making an error or committing a crime:现场作案的：正在犯错误或犯罪的那一时候：〔errancy〕The state of erring or an instance of it.错误状态：犯错误的状态或情形〔trip〕To make a mistake:犯错误，失误： |
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