| 单词 | 现代化 |
| 释义 | 〔technetronic〕Relating to or characterized by the changes effected by modern advances in technology and electronics:电子技术化的：关于或由技术和电子学中的现代化发展而引起的变化为特征的：〔streamlined〕Improved in appearance or efficiency; modernized.现代化的：在外表或效益上有改善的；现代化的〔Hangzhou〕A city of eastern China at the head ofHangzhou Bay, an inlet of the East China Sea. Founded in 606, the city was the capital of a powerful kingdom from 907 to 960. It was later described by Marco Polo as one of the finest and noblest cities in the world. Today it is a modern industrial center and the capital of Zhejiang province. Population, 1,250,000. 杭州：中国东部杭州湾 顶端的一座城市。它始建于606年，从公元907年到公元960年它是一个强大王国的首都。 后来它被马可·波罗形容为世界上最美丽、最壮观的城市之一。今天它是现代化的工业中心，也是浙江省的省会。人口1,250,000 〔crucial〕A crucial election is like a signpost because it shows which way the electorate is moving. The metaphor of a signpost, in fact, gives us the sense of the wordcrucial, "of supreme importance, critical.” Francis Bacon used the phraseinstantia crucis, "crucial instance,” to refer to something in an experiment that proves one of two hypotheses and disproves the other. Bacon's phrase was based on a sense of the Latin wordcrux, "cross,” which had come to mean "a guidepost that gives directions at a place where one road becomes two,”and hence was suitable for Bacon's metaphor.Both Robert Boyle, often called the father of modern chemistry, and Isaac Newton used the similar Latin phraseexperimentum crucis, "crucial experiment.” When these phrases were translated into English,they becamecrucial instance and crucial experiment. 决定性选举就象路标一样，因为它显示了全体选民的意向。路标这一比喻实际上向我们表示了crucial 这一词的意义“极其重要的，关键性的”。 弗朗西斯·培根曾用instantia crucis “关键性例子”这一词组来指在某一实验中证明两个假设之一正确和另一假设错误的东西。 培根的这一词组是基于拉丁语crux “十字形”的意思之上的， 它的意思为“在一条路分为两条岔路的地方用于指示方向的路标”，因此它适用于培根的这一比喻。通常被称为现代化学之父的罗伯特·博伊尔和艾萨克·牛顿都用过experimentum crucis “关键性实验”这一类似的拉丁语词组。 当这些词组被译成英语后，就成了crucial instance 和 crucial experiment 这两个词组 〔retrofit〕To substitute new or modernized parts or systems for older equipment:装备：用新的或现代化的部件或系统代替较老的装备：〔tool〕a store selling modern appliances. 经营现代化器材的商店 〔aggiornamento〕The process of bringing an institution or organization up to date; modernization.现代化：使机构或组织现代化的过程；现代化〔Bakst〕Russian painter and scenic designer who modernized theater design. His best-known works were for ballets produced by Sergei Diaghilev in Paris.巴克斯特，莱昂·尼古拉维奇：(1866-1924) 俄国画家和舞台设计者，他使剧场设计现代化。他最著名的作品是在巴黎为谢尔盖·佳吉列夫出品的芭蕾舞剧所做的舞台设计〔Yokohama〕A city of southeast Honshu, Japan, on the western shore of Tokyo Bay. It was a small fishing village when Matthew Perry visited it in 1854 but was chosen as a site for foreign settlement in 1859 and grew rapidly thereafter. Almost entirely destroyed by an earthquake and fire in 1923, it was quickly rebuilt and modernized. The city is now a leading port and an industrial center. Population, 2,992,644.横滨：日本本州东南一城市，位于东京湾西岸。1854年马修·派瑞访问该地时还是一个小渔村，但在1859年被选为外国人的定居点，此后迅速地发展起来。1923年在一场地震和大火中几乎全部被毁，但很快重建并现代化，现在是一个重要的港口和工业中心。人口2,992,644〔degree〕modernized their facilities to a large degree.使他们的设备做大规模的现代化〔Lavoisier〕French chemist who is regarded as the founder of modern chemistry. He isolated the major components of air, disproved the phlogiston theory by determining the role of oxygen in combustion, and organized the classification of compounds. Lavoisier was executed during the Reign of Terror.拉瓦锡，安托万·洛朗：(1743-1794) 法国化学家，被认为是现代化学的奠基人。他分离出空气中的主要成分，证明了氧气在燃烧中所起的作用从而否定了燃素理论，并把化合物进行了分类。拉瓦锡在恐怖统治时期被处死〔modernity〕The state or quality of being modern:现代性：现代化的性质或状态：〔retrofit〕An instance of modernizing or expanding with new or modified parts, devices, systems, or equipment:翻新：用新的或改造过的部件、设备、系统或装备来实行现代化或进行扩建的事例：〔Tubman〕Liberian politician. As president of Liberia (1944-1971) he modernized the country and maintained a close relationship with the United States.杜伯曼，威廉·瓦卡纳雷特·萨德拉奇：(1895-1971) 利比里亚政治家，任利比里亚总统期间(1944-1971年）实现了国家现代化并与美国保持密切关系〔antiphon〕"It would be truer . . . to see[conservation] as an antiphon to the modernization of the 1950s and 1960s" (Raphael Samuel)“可以更真实地看到 就是对20世纪50,60年代现代化的回答” (拉斐尔·塞缪尔) |
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