| 单词 | 理论 |
| 释义 | 〔Hoffmann〕Polish-born American chemist. He shared a 1981 Nobel Prize for applying quantum-mechanics theories to the analysis of chemical reactions.霍夫曼，罗尔德：(生于 1937) 波兰裔美国化学家，因在化学反应分析中使用中量-机械理论而获1981年诺贝尔奖〔Glashow〕American physicist. He shared a 1979 Nobel Prize for theorizing that electromagnetism and weak interaction are facets of the same phenomenon.格拉肖，谢尔登·李：(生于 1932) 美国物理学家。他因建立了电磁力学理论和微相互作用是同一现象的几个方面的理论而获1979年的诺贝尔奖〔Boltzmann〕Austrian physicist. Considered a founder of modern physics, he developed the kinetic theory of gases.玻尔兹曼，路德维希：(1844-1906) 奥地利物理学家。被认为是现代物理学的奠基人，他发展了气体力学理论〔preformation〕A theory popular in the 18th century that all parts of an organism exist completely formed in the germ cell and develop only by increasing in size.预成说：流行于18世纪，认为生物体的所有部分在生殖细胞时已完全成形而成长时只是增加尺寸的理论〔theoretical〕Of, relating to, or based on theory.理论的：理论的，关于或基于理论的〔misappropriate〕misappropriating the theories of social science.不正确地使用社会科学的理论〔extrinsic〕an economic theory alien to the spirit of capitalism. 完全不同于资本主义本质的经济理论 〔include〕No single theory can embrace and explain every facet of human behavior.没有一种理论能包括并阐释人类行为的每个方面。〔Gauss〕German mathematician and astronomer known for his contributions to algebra, differential geometry, probability theory, and number theory.高斯，卡尔·弗雷德里希：(1777-1855) 德国数学家和天文学家，因其对代数、微积分几何、或然率理论和数字理论的贡献而为人称道〔Lysenkoism〕A biological doctrine developed by Trofim Lysenko that maintains the possibility of inheriting environmentally acquired characteristics.李森科主义：由特罗菲尔·李森科发展起来的生物学理论，认为在后天环境中获得的特征有可能被继承〔associationism〕The psychological theory that association is the basic principle of all mental activity.联想主义，联想说：认为联想是一切心理活动的基本原则的一种心理理论〔Faraday〕British physicist and chemist who discovered electromagnetic induction (1831) and proposed the field theory later developed by Maxwell and Einstein.法拉第，迈克尔：(1791-1867) 英国物理学、化学家，发现电磁感应（1831年）并提出相应理论，后被马克思沃尔和爱因斯坦进一步发展〔Sullivan〕American psychiatrist who theorized that personality is largely determined by one's interpersonal relations and the assimilation of societal values.沙利文，哈里·斯塔克：(1892-1949) 美国精神病学家，他提出了关于人的个性。主要是由人际关系和社交价值观的同化作用所决定的理论〔Geber〕Arab scholar and alchemist who wrote a number of influential books of alchemical theory, includingSumma Perfectionis. 格伯：阿拉伯学者和炼金家，写了许多有关炼金理论的颇具影响的书籍，包括《完美的冶炼产品》 〔orthomolecular〕Of, relating to, or being a theory holding that mental diseases or abnormalities result from various chemical imbalances or deficiencies and can be cured by restoring proper levels of chemical substances, such as vitamins and minerals, in the body.正分子的：属于、关于或成为正分子理论的，这种理论主张精神疾病或不正常是由各种化学物质失衡或缺少而引起的，可通过在身体内恢复以适量的化学物质（如维生素和微量元素）而治愈〔Bacon〕English philosopher, essayist, courtier, jurist, and statesman. His writings includeThe Advancement of Learning (1605) and the Novum Organum (1620), in which he proposed a theory of scientific knowledge based on observation and experiment that came to be known as the inductive method. 培根，弗朗西斯：(1561-1626) 英国哲学家、随笔作家、朝臣、法理学家和政治家。其作品包括《论科学的价值和发展》 （1605年）和 《新工具论》 （1620年），在这部著作里他提出了以观察和实验为基础的科学认识理论，作为归纳法理论逐渐为人所知 〔Fresnel〕French physicist who supported the wave theory of light, investigated polarized light, and developed a compound lens for use in lighthouses.菲涅耳，奥古斯丁·简：(1788-1827) 法国物理学家，他支持光波理论、研究了偏振光并发明了用于灯塔上的合成透镜〔economic〕new economic theories regarding the effects of deficit spending.关于赤字开支效应的新经济学理论〔Darwinism〕A theory of biological evolution developed by Charles Darwin and others, stating that all species of organisms arise and develop through the natural selection of small, inherited variations that increase the individual's ability to compete, survive, and reproduce. Also called Darwinian theory 达尔文学说：由达尔文和其他人改进的生物进化理论，指出所有物种生物体的起源和发展都是通过小的、遗传变异的自然选择来增加个体的能力，来竞争、生存和再生 也作 Darwinian theory〔poetic〕The theory or practice of writing poetry; poetics.作诗的理论，诗学：诗歌创作的理论或章法；诗学〔Ohlin〕Swedish economist. He shared a 1977 Nobel Prize for contributions to the theories of international trade and finance.奥林，贝尔蒂尔·戈塔尔德：(1899-1979) 瑞典经济学家，由于其对国际贸易和金融理论做出的贡献，而获得了1977年诺贝尔奖〔economics〕(used with a sing. verb)The social science that deals with the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services and with the theory and management of economies or economic systems.（与单数动词连用）经济学：以商品、服务的生产、分配和消费以及经济或经济系统的理论和管理为研究对象的社会科学〔Besant〕English theosophist, philosopher, and political figure who advocated home rule and educational reforms in India.贝赞特，安妮·伍德：(1847-1933) 英国理论诡辩家、哲学家和政治人物，在印度鼓吹本土统治和教育改革〔Arrow〕American economist. He shared a 1972 Nobel Prize for theories that help assess business risks and governmental economic policies.阿罗，肯尼思·约瑟夫：(生于 1921) 美国经济学家。因提出协助估价企业风险和政府经济政策的理论而获1972年诺贝尔奖〔take〕To dissect or analyze (a theory, for example), usually in an effort to discover hidden or innate flaws or weaknesses.详细分析研究：肢解或分析（如，一个理论），通常是籍此以发现隐藏的或固有的弊端或缺点〔beautiful〕 Beautiful, the most comprehensive, applies to what stirs a heightened response both of the senses (a beautiful child; beautiful country; a beautiful painting) and of the mind on its highest level (a persuasive and beautiful theory; a beautiful mathematical proof). Beautiful 最全面，指能够唤起高度视听感觉好的：（漂亮的小孩；美丽的国家；美丽的图画） 和头脑在它的最高水平上所反应的东西：（一个有说服力的，完美的理论；一个完美的数学证明）。 〔Machiavellianism〕The political doctrine of Machiavelli, which denies the relevance of morality in political affairs and holds that craft and deceit are justified in pursuing and maintaining political power.马基雅维利主义：马基雅维利的政治理论，它否定政治活动与道德有关，认为诡计和欺骗在追求和维护政治权力中是完全正当的〔Schumpeter〕Czechoslovakian-born American economist known for his theories of the development of capitalism.顺彼得，约瑟夫·阿洛斯：(1883-1950) 捷克斯洛伐克裔美国经济学家，以其资本主义发展理论著名〔progressivism〕Progressive education.循序渐进的教育理论〔Leibnitz〕German philosopher and mathematician. He invented differential and integral calculus independently of Newton and proposed the metaphysical theory that we live in "the best of all possible worlds.”莱布尼兹，戈特弗里德·威廉·冯：(1646-1716) 德国哲学家和数学家。他不受牛顿影响而发明了微分演算法和积分演算法，并提出了我们生活在“所有可能存在最美好的世界”中的形而上学理论〔metatheory〕A theory devised to analyze theoretical systems.微设论，形上论：用以分析理论性系统的理论〔Chambers〕Scottish publisher and writer known for hisVestiges of the Natural History of Creation (published anonymously in 1844), a controversial exposition of the theory of evolutionary development. 钱伯斯，罗伯特：(1802-1871) 苏格兰出版商和作家，以其作品《创造物博物学的遗迹》 （1844年匿名出版）闻名，对进化发展理论作了一番有争议的阐述 〔activism〕The theory, doctrine, or practice of assertive, often militant action, such as mass demonstrations or strikes, used as a means of opposing or supporting a controversial issue, entity, or person.激进主义，行动主义：武断冲动的理论、主义或实践。常指激进行动，如大规模的示威或罢工，以作为反对或支持有争议的事件、实体或人的手段〔essentialism〕The metaphysical theory that the essential properties of an object can be distinguished from those that are accidental to it.本质主义：形而上学的理论，认为事物的真实本质能够同偶然的发生区分开〔Mackinder〕British geographer who established geography as an academic field and maintained that Europe was the logical geographic center of world government, a theory used to support Nazi geopolitics.麦金德，霍尔福德·约翰：(1861-1947) 英国地理学家，他把地理学引入学术界，坚持认为欧洲是逻辑地理上的世界政府中心，这是一种用来支持纳粹地理政治的理论〔transcendent〕In Kant's theory of knowledge, being beyond the limits of experience and hence unknowable.先验的：在康德的理论中指知识的，因超越经验的范围而无法知晓的〔theoretical〕Restricted to theory; not practical:理论上的：限于理论的；非实践的：〔Jevons〕British economist and logician who codeveloped the marginal utility theory (published 1886), which explains the value of goods and services in terms of the subjective valuation of consumers.杰方兹，威廉·斯坦利：(1835-1882) 英国经济学家和逻辑学家。他与人合作发展了边际效益理论(1886年发表），该理论解释了根据消费者主观估价所产生的商品及服务的价值〔Young〕British physician, physicist, and Egyptologist who revived the wave theory of light and postulated the three-color theory of color vision. He also helped decipher the hieroglyphics on the Rosetta Stone.扬，托马斯：(1773-1829) 英国医生、物理学家和埃及古文物学家，他复兴了光波理论并假定了色彩显示三色理论的存在。他还帮助破译了罗塞塔石碑上的象形文字〔prehistory〕“[He] then told me the curious prehistory of his obsessive interest in the seduction theory" (Janet Malcolm)“然后[他] 告诉了我他对诱惑理论产生强烈兴趣的奇怪的背景” (珍尼特·马尔科姆) |
| 随便看 |
|
英汉汉英双解词典收录301015条英汉双解翻译词条，可根据汉字查询相应的英文词汇，基本涵盖了全部常用汉字的英文读音、翻译及用法，是英语学习及翻译工作的有利工具。