| 单词 | 生物体 |
| 释义 | 〔poikilotherm〕An organism, such as a fish or reptile, having a body temperature that varies with the temperature of its surroundings; an ectotherm.冷血动物；变温动物：一种体温随周围环境的温度变化的生物体，如鱼或爬行动物；变温动物〔putrefaction〕Decomposition of organic matter, especially protein, by microorganisms, resulting in production of foul-smelling matter.腐败：生物体的分解作用，尤指蛋白南的分解作用，由微生物作用所引起，导致腐败发臭的腐烂现象〔totipotency〕The ability of a cell, such as an egg, to give rise to unlike cells and thus to develop into or generate a new organism or part.全能性：一细胞如卵细胞产生不相似细胞的能力，从而发育或生成一新的生物体或部分〔predatory〕Living by preying on other organisms:食肉的：靠捕食其它生物体为生的：〔eurythermal〕Adaptable to a wide range of temperatures. Used of an organism.（生物）广温性的：能适应任何温度。常用于生物体〔mutation〕A sudden structural change within a gene or chromosome of an organism resulting in the creation of a new character or trait not found in the parental type.突变，变种：生物体的基因或者染色体的突变，产生一种父代所没有的新的特征或者特性〔plant〕Any of various photosynthetic, eukaryotic, multicellular organisms of the kingdom Plantae characteristically producing embryos, containing chloroplasts, having cellulose cell walls, and lacking the power of locomotion.植物，树：植物界中具有光合作用的，真核生物的多细胞生物体，其特征能产生胚，含有叶绿素，具有纤维素构成的细胞壁，且缺乏运动的能力〔zoochlorella〕Any of numerous unicellular green algae that live symbiotically within the cells of other organisms, especially those of many freshwater invertebrates.虫绿藻：一种单细胞绿藻，共生地生长在其他生物体的细胞内，尤指许多淡水的无脊椎动物细胞内〔biocatalyst〕A substance, especially an enzyme, that initiates or modifies the rate of a chemical reaction in a living body; a biochemical catalyst.生物催化剂：能在活的体内产生化学反应或改变生物体内化学反应速度的物质，尤指酶；生物化学催化剂〔heredity〕The sum of characteristics and associated potentialities transmitted genetically to an individual organism.遗传而得的特征：传给个体生物体的基因特征和相关潜力的总和〔survivable〕survivable organisms in a hostile environment.在险恶环境中能够生存的生物体〔abiological〕Not associated with or derived from living organisms.非生物的，非生物学的：与生物体不相关的或不是从生物体衍生的〔preformation〕A theory popular in the 18th century that all parts of an organism exist completely formed in the germ cell and develop only by increasing in size.预成说：流行于18世纪，认为生物体的所有部分在生殖细胞时已完全成形而成长时只是增加尺寸的理论〔virus〕Any of various simple submicroscopic parasites of plants, animals, and bacteria that often cause disease and that consist essentially of a core of RNA or DNA surrounded by a protein coat. Unable to replicate without a host cell, viruses are typically not considered living organisms.病毒：各种动物、植物和细菌的简单亚微观寄生虫之一，常引起疾病，主要由核糖核酸或脱氧核糖酸的一个核组成，周围有蛋白质包围。离开寄主细胞不能复制本身，病毒通常不被认作为是生物体〔taxonomy〕The classification of organisms in an ordered system that indicates natural relationships.分类系统：显示自然界关联的生物体系统分类法〔forepart〕The anterior part, as of an object or organism.前部：前部，如物体或生物体的前部〔tropism〕The turning or bending movement of an organism or a part toward or away from an external stimulus, such as light, heat, or gravity.向性，向性运动：生物体或其一部分做的趋向或远离外部刺激（如光、热、重力）的运动〔biomagnetism〕The magnetic field created by a living organism.生物磁场：活生物体创造的磁场〔metabolism〕The complex of physical and chemical processes occurring within a living cell or organism that are necessary for the maintenance of life. In metabolism some substances are broken down to yield energy for vital processes while other substances, necessary for life, are synthesized.新陈代谢：维持生命所必需的，发生于存活细胞中或生物体中的物理和化学过程的总和。在此过程中，一些物质被分解从而为生命过程提供能量，而另一些维持生命所必需的物质则被合成〔kingdom〕One of the three main divisions (animal, vegetable, and mineral) into which natural organisms and objects are classified.界：自然的生物体和物体被分类的三大主要分界（动物、植物和矿物）之一〔thigmotropism〕The turning or bending response of an organism upon direct contact with a solid surface or object. Also called stereotropism 向实体趋性：生物体转向或弯向其直接接触到的固态面或物体的性质 也作 stereotropism〔conodont〕A Paleozoic microfossil usually having a toothlike shape and considered to be the remains of an extinct marine organism.牙形刺：一种古生代微化石，一般有牙状形体，被认为是一种已灭绝海生生物体的残骸〔community〕The region occupied by a group of interacting organisms.共生区：由一群相互作用的生物体占据的区域〔bioenvironmental〕Having to do with the relationship between the environment and living organisms:生态环境的：与环境和生物体关系有关的：〔mobile〕a mobile organism; a mobile missile system.易被移动的生物体；可移动的导弹系统〔parent〕An organism that produces or generates offspring.母体：生产或生育后代的生物体〔kinesis〕Movement or activity of an organism in response to a stimulus such as light.动态，运动，动作：生物体为响应刺激物（如光）所作的运动或活动〔abiogenic〕Not produced by living organisms.自然发生的，无生源说的：并非由生物体产生的〔bioluminescence〕Emission of visible light by living organisms such as the firefly and various fish, fungi, and bacteria.生物发光：生物体的可见光发射，如萤火虫、彩色鱼类、真菌类和细菌〔biodiversity〕The variability among living organisms on the earth, including the variability within and between species and within and between ecosystems.生物变异性：地球上活生物体的变化性，包括物种内、物种间以及生态系统内、生态系统间的变化性〔bioaccumulation〕The accumulation of a substance, such as a toxic chemical, in various tissues of a living organism:生物体内积累：聚积在生物体各组织内的物质，如有毒化学物质：〔zygomorphic〕Bilaterally symmetrical. Used of organisms or parts.两侧对称的：两边对称的，用于生物体或器官〔biochemistry〕The chemical composition of a particular living system or biological substance:生物化学成份：某一特定生物体或生物物质的化学成份：〔allopolyploid〕An organism with three or more complete sets of chromosomes derived from different species.异源多倍生物体：具有从不同物种中获得三套或三套以上整套染色体的生物体〔environment〕The combination of external physical conditions that affect and influence the growth, development, and survival of organisms:外在物理条件：作用和影响这群生物体的生长、发展和生存的外界物质条件的总和：〔biomagnetism〕The effect of an external magnetic field on living organisms.生物磁学：外部磁场对活生物体的效应〔kingdom〕The highest taxonomic classification into which organisms are grouped, based on fundamental similarities and common ancestry. One widely accepted taxonomic system designates five such classifications: animals, plants, fungi, prokaryotes, and protoctists. See table at taxonomy 界：以基本特征相似和共同祖先为基础将生物体归类的最高级别分类的分类方法。一种被广泛采用的分类学系统表示为五大类别，动物、植物、真菌、原生物核和原生物 参见 taxonomy〔plankton〕The collection of small or microscopic organisms, including algae and protozoans, that float or drift in great numbers in fresh or salt water, especially at or near the surface, and serve as food for fish and other larger organisms.浮游生物：小生物或微生物的集合，包括大量生活在淡水或咸水中的水藻和原生动物，尤指在水表或靠近水面处，为鱼类或其它大型生物体提供食物〔photography〕The art or process of producing images of objects on photosensitive surfaces.摄影：在感光表面产生物体影像的技术或过程〔homozygote〕An organism that has the same alleles at a particular gene locus on homologous chromosomes.纯合子：在同源染色体上某一特定基因座有相同等位基因的生物体 |
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