| 单词 | 生物碱 |
| 释义 | 〔ergotamine〕A crystalline alkaloid, C33H 35N 5O 5, derived from ergot that induces vasoconstriction and is used especially in treating migraine. 麦角胺：一种结晶生物碱，C33H 35N 5O 5，由麦角中提取，有使血管收缩的作用，特别用来治疗偏头痛 〔apomorphine〕A poisonous white crystalline alkaloid, C17H 17NO 2, derived from morphine and used medicinally to induce vomiting. 阿朴吗啡，脱水吗啡：一种有毒的白色结晶生物碱，C17H 17NO 2，从吗啡中制得，医药上用来诱导呕吐 〔alkaloid〕Any of various organic compounds normally with basic chemical properties and usually containing at least one nitrogen atom in a heterocyclic ring, occurring chiefly in many vascular plants and some fungi. Many alkaloids, such as nicotine, quinine, cocaine, and morphine, are known for their poisonous or medicinal attributes.生物碱：有机化合物的一种，通常呈碱性且在一杂环中至少含有一个氮原子，主要存在于许多维管植物和一些真菌中。许多生物碱，如尼古丁、金鸡纳霜、可卡因和吗啡都以其毒性或在医药方面的特性而为人们所熟知〔pyrimidine〕A crystalline organic base, C4H 4N 2, that is the parent substance of various biologically important derivatives. 嘧啶：一种晶状生物碱，C4H 4N 2，是多种生物性地重要衍生物的亲本物质 〔atropine〕A poisonous, bitter, crystalline alkaloid, C17H 23NO 3, obtained from belladonna and other related plants. It is used to dilate the pupils of the eyes and as an antispasmodic. 阿托品，颠茄碱：一种有毒、味苦的结晶生物碱，C17H 23NO 3从颠茄或其它茄科植物中提取而得。用于扩大瞳孔，治疗痉挛 〔sparteine〕A bitter, poisonous, liquid alkaloid, C15H 26N 2, obtained from the broom Cytisus scoparius or the lupin Lupinus luteus, whose sulfate has been used in medicine as a heart stimulant and as a way of inducing contraction of the uterus during labor. 金雀花碱：一种味苦有毒的液体生物碱，C15H 26N 2，从 金雀科金雀花 植物或 羽扇豆类植物 中取得，其中的硫酸酯用作强心剂成分，孕妇生产时可导致子宫收缩 〔belladonna〕An alkaloidal extract or tincture derived from this plant and used in medicine.颠茄碱：从此种植物中提取的一种生物碱提取物或酊剂，用在药物中〔codeine〕An alkaloid narcotic, C18H 21NO 3, derived from opium or morphine and used as a cough suppressant, analgesic, and hypnotic. 可待因：一种生物碱麻醉剂，C18H 21NO 3，从鸦片或吗啡中提取并用于感冒抑制剂、止痛药和催眠药 〔quinidine〕A colorless crystalline alkaloid, C20H 24N 2O 2, resembling quinine and used in treating malaria and certain heart disorders. 奎尼丁：一种无色的晶体状生物碱，C20H 24N 2O 2，类似于奎宁，用于治疗疟疾和某些心脏疾病 〔coca〕Any of certain Andean evergreen shrubs or small trees of the genusErythroxylum, especially E. coca, whose leaves contain cocaine and other alkaloids. 古柯：一种安第斯山脉古柯 属常青灌木或小树，尤指 古柯 ，其树叶含有古柯碱和其他生物碱 〔quinine〕A bitter, colorless, amorphous powder or crystalline alkaloid, C20H 24N 2O 2·3H 2O, derived from certain cinchona barks and used in medicine to treat malaria. 奎宁：一种味苦、无色、不定形的粉末或晶体状生物碱，C20H 24N 2O 2·3H 2O，从某些金鸡纳树皮中提取，用在医药上来治疗疟疾 〔cinchona〕Any of several trees and shrubs of the genusCinchona, native chiefly to the Andes and cultivated for bark that yields the medicinal alkaloids quinine and quinidine, which are used to treat malaria. 金鸡纳树：一种金鸡纳属 的树木和灌木，原产于安第斯山区，其树皮含有治疗疟疾的药用生物碱奎宁和奎尼定，因而被栽植 〔cinchonism〕A pathological condition resulting from an overdose of cinchona bark or its alkaloid derivatives and marked by headache, dizziness, hearing loss, and ringing in the ears.金鸡纳中毒：由于过量服用金鸡纳或其生物碱衍生物所产生的病症，症状是头痛、眩晕、耳聋和暂时性耳鸣〔quinoidine〕A brownish-black mixture of alkaloids remaining after extraction of crystalline alkaloids from cinchona bark, used as a quinine substitute.奎诺酊：将金鸡纳树皮中提取结晶生物碱之后，剩下来一种黑褐色的生物碱混合物，用作奎宁的替代物〔opium〕A bitter, yellowish-brown, strongly addictive narcotic drug prepared from the dried juice of unripe pods of the opium poppy and containing alkaloids such as morphine, codeine, and papaverine.鸦片：一种味苦、瘾性很大的棕黄色毒品，从未熟的罂粟汁干燥物中制得，含有生物碱，如吗啡、可卡因、罂粟碱〔veratridine〕A yellowish-white, amorphous powdered alkaloid, C36H 51NO 11, obtained from sabadilla seeds and from the rhizome of hellebore. 藜芦定：一种略带黄色的非晶体的粉末状生物碱，C36H 51NO È�11，从沙巴草籽和藜芦根中提取 〔vinblastine〕An alkaloid, C46H 58N 4O 9, obtained from the Madagascar periwinkle and used as an antineoplastic drug. 长春碱：从马达加斯加的长春花中得的一种生物碱C46H 58N 4O 9，用作抑制肿瘤的药物 〔cinchonine〕An alkaloid, C19H 22N 2O, derived from the bark of various cinchona trees and used as an antimalarial agent. 金鸡纳宁，辛可宁：一种生物碱，C19H 22N 2O，由金鸡纳树的树皮中制得，用作抗疟疾剂 〔yohimbine〕A poisonous alkaloid, C21H 26N 2O 3, derived from the bark of a tree, Corynanthe yohimbe, and formerly used as an aphrodisiac, a local anesthetic, and a mydriatic. 育亨宾（宁碱）：一种毒性生物碱，C21H 26N 2O 3，从 育亨宾树 的树皮中提炼出来，以前被用作春药、局部麻醉剂和散瞳药 〔papaverine〕A nonaddictive opium derivative, C20H 21NO 4, used medicinally to relieve spasms of smooth muscle. 罂粟碱：由苄基异喹啉衍生的一种结晶生物碱，C20H 21NO 4，医药上用作解痉剂 〔solanine〕A bitter poisonous alkaloid, C45H 73NO 15, derived from potato sprouts, tomatoes, and nightshade and having narcotic properties formerly used to treat epilepsy. 茄碱：一种苦味的有毒的生物碱，C45H 73NO 15，由蕃茄芽、土豆和茄属植物中得到，具有麻醉特性，以前用来治疗癫痫 〔bromocriptine〕An ergot alkaloid, C32H 40BrN 5O 5, that slows dopamine turnover and inhibits prolactin secretion and is used to treat Parkinson's disease and to retard the growth of various pituitary tumors. 溴代隐亭，溴麦角环肽：减缓多巴胺移转并抑制促乳素分泌的麦角生物碱，C32H 40BrN 5O 5，用于治疗帕金森氏病和延缓各类垂体瘤的生长 〔caffeine〕A bitter white alkaloid, C8H 10N 4O 2, often derived from tea or coffee and used in medicine chiefly as a mild stimulant and to treat certain kinds of headache. 咖啡因：一种苦味的白色生物碱， C8H 10N 4O 2，通常得自咖啡或茶，在药品中主要作为温和兴奋剂及治疗特定的头痛病 〔coca〕The dried leaves of such a plant, chewed by people of the Andes for a stimulating effect and also used for extraction of cocaine and other alkaloids.古柯叶：这种植物的干树叶，安第斯山脉的人们为寻求刺激作用而嚼碎，也用于提取古柯碱和其他生物碱〔brucine〕A poisonous white crystalline alkaloid, C23H 26N 2O 4, derived from the seeds of nux vomica and closely related plants and used to denature alcohol. 番木鳖碱：有毒的白色结晶体状生物碱，C23H 26N 2O 4，得自马钱子的种子中，同植物关系极其密切并可用来使酒精变性 〔muscarine〕A highly toxic alkaloid, C9H 20NO 2, related to the cholines, derived from the red form of the mushroom Amanita muscaria and found in decaying animal tissue. 蝇蕈碱：一种与胆碱有关的剧毒生物碱，C9H 20NO 2，由蘑菇 蕈毒鹅膏 的红色组织提取而出，在腐烂的动物组织中也可发现 〔ergot〕The dried sclerotia of ergot, usually obtained from rye seed and used as a source of several medicinally important alkaloids and as the basic source of lysergic acid.麦角菌核：干燥的麦角菌菌核，通常是从大麦的种子中提取，用作几种颇具医疗价值的生物碱的原料，也是麦角酸的基本来源〔colchicine〕A poisonous, pale-yellow alkaloid, C22H 25NO 6, obtained from the autumn crocus and used in plant breeding to induce chromosome doubling and in medicine to treat gout. 秋水仙碱：一种有毒的、淡黄色生物碱，C22H 25NO 6，从秋天的番红花中提取，用于植物生长中的染色体加倍和用于治疗痛风 〔ibogaine〕An alkaloid, C20H 26N 2O, that acts as a dopamine blocker and mitigates depression and the symptoms of withdrawal from narcotics, cocaine, and heroin. 伊博格碱：用作多巴胺抑制剂的生物碱，C20H 26N 2O，可以减轻忧郁症以及停用麻醉药、可卡因和海洛因后的症状 〔mescaline〕An alkaloid drug, (CH3O) 3C 6H 2CH 2CH 2NH 2, obtained from mescal buttons, which produces hallucinations. Also called peyote 墨斯卡灵：一种生物碱制剂，化学式为(CH3O) 3C 6H 2CH 2CH 2NH 2，从威廉斯仙人球花制得，能使人产生幻觉 也作 peyote〔curare〕A purified preparation or alkaloid obtained fromChondrodendron tomentosum, used in medicine and surgery to relax skeletal muscles. 管箭毒：一种从南美洲的防己藤 中获得的纯化提取物或生物碱，用于医药和手术中使骨骼上的肌肉松弛 〔cocaine〕A colorless or white crystalline alkaloid, C17H 21NO 4, extracted from coca leaves, sometimes used in medicine as a local anesthetic especially for the eyes, nose, or throat and widely used as an illicit drug for its euphoric and stimulating effects. 古柯碱，可卡因：无色或白色结晶生物碱，C17H 21NO 4，从古柯叶中提取，有时用作局部麻醉药，尤其用于眼睛、鼻子或喉咙，还因其兴奋性和刺激性而广泛用作非法毒品 〔tubocurarine〕An alkaloid that is the active component of curare.筒箭毒碱：作为箭毒活跃成分的生物碱〔oxycodone〕A narcotic alkaloid, C18H 21NO 4, related to codeine, used as an analgesic and a sedative chiefly in the form of its hydrochloride salt. 欧克西克锭：一种麻醉性的生物碱，C18H 21NO 4，和可待因有关的，用作止育药和镇静药，主要以其盐酸化物盐的形式存在 〔bufotenine〕A poisonous hallucinogenic alkaloid, C12H 16N 2O, obtained from the skin glands of toads of the genus Bufo or from some mushrooms. 蟾蜍色胺，蟾蜍碱，蟾毒配基：有毒的致幻生物碱，C12H 16N 20，从 蟾蜍属 的各类蟾蜍皮腺或某些蘑菇中提取 〔physostigmine〕A crystalline alkaloid, C15H 21N 3O 2, extracted from the Calabar bean, used in medicine as a miotic and cholinergic agent and to enhance memory in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Also called eserine 毒扁豆碱：一种结晶的生物碱，C15H 21N 3O 2，从毒扁平中提取，在医学中用作缩瞳药和胆碱能剂，用于提高阿耳茨海默氏病人的记忆力 也作 eserine〔rauwolfia〕Any of various tropical trees and shrubs of the genusRauvolfia, especially R. serpentina, of southeast Asia, the root of which is the source of tranquilizing alkaloid drugs such as reserpine. 萝芙木：萝芙木属 的任一热带树木或灌木，尤指亚洲东南部的 印度萝芙木 ，其根部可用于起镇静作用的生物碱制剂，如蛇根碱 〔codeine〕-ine [alkaloid] * see -ine 2-ine [生物碱] * 参见 -ine2〔batrachotoxin〕A steroid alkaloid derived from skin secretions of thePhyllobates and Dendrobates genera of South American arrow-poison frogs. It is one of the most potent venoms known. 蟾毒素：从南美箭毒蛙属的Phyllobates 和 树棘蛙 的蛙皮中分泌的一种类固醇生物碱。是已知毒性极强的毒物中的一种 〔hyoscyamine〕A poisonous white crystalline alkaloid, C17H 23NO 3, isometric with atropine and having similar uses but more potent effects. 茛菪素：一种有毒的白色结晶体的生物碱，化学分子式为C17H 23NO 3，与阿托品有等轴晶，有相似的用途，但效力更大 |
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