| 单词 | 的学说 |
| 释义 | 〔spiritualism〕The belief that the dead communicate with the living, as through a medium.招魂说：认为死者的亡魂可与活人互相交流的学说，例如通过中介物质〔creationism〕The position that the account of the creation of the universe given at the beginning of the Bible is literally true.特创论，创世论：认为《圣经》篇首给出的创造宇宙的叙述是真实无误的学说〔Confucius〕Chinese philosopher whoseAnalects contain a collection of his sayings and dialogues compiled by disciples after his death. 孔子：中国哲学家，其著作《论语》 包含了他生前的学说和他死后由其门徒编纂而成的言论 〔nonviolence〕The doctrine, policy, or practice of rejecting violence in favor of peaceful tactics as a means of gaining political objectives.非暴力主义：反对暴力的学说、政策或实践，赞同获得政治目标的和平策略〔cabala〕from Hebrew qabbālâ [received doctrine, tradition] 源自 希伯来语 qabbālâ [接受了的学说，习俗] 〔abiogenesis〕The supposed development of living organisms from nonliving matter. Also called autogenesis ,spontaneous generation 自然发生说，无生源说：认为生命起源于无生命有机物的学说 也作 autogenesis,spontaneous generation〔biocenology〕The study of communities in nature and of interactions among their members.生物群落学：研究自然界群落和其成员间相互作用的学说〔epiphenomenalism〕The doctrine holding that mental activities are simply epiphenomena of the neural processes of the brain.副现象论：认为思想活动不过是大脑神经作用的副现象的学说〔aestheticism〕The doctrine that beauty is the basic principle from which all other principles, especially moral ones, are derived.艺术至上主义：认为美是基本原则，是其他原则特别是道德原则产生之源泉的学说〔pneumatology〕The doctrine or study of spiritual beings and phenomena, especially the belief in spirits intervening between human beings and God.灵物学：关于精神性的存在和物质现象的学说或研究，特别是对人类和上帝间精神交汇的信仰〔occasionalism〕The doctrine that God is the sole causal actor and that all events are merely occasions on which God brings about what are normally thought of as their effects.偶因论：神是唯一因果的参与者，所有被认为是自己努力成果的事物其实只是神带来的机会的学说〔odor〕a doctrine that is not currently in good odor.一种时下不再走红的学说〔monism〕The doctrine that mind and matter are formed, or reducible to, the same ultimate substance or principle of being.单源论：一种认为精神和物质都源于或可以分解为同一最终物质或原理的学说〔Docetism〕An opinion especially associated with the Gnostics that Jesus had no human body and only appeared to have died on the cross.基督教幻影说：一种与诺斯替派有关的学说。认为基督不具人身，其死于十字架上只是幻影〔atomism〕The division of or tendency to divide a society into subclasses, groups, or units.分析论：一种将社会分解或趋向于分解为集合，小组或单位的学说〔atheism〕The doctrine that there is no God or gods.无神论学说：无上帝或神存在的学说〔ethic〕A theory or a system of moral values:道德体系：关于道德价值的学说或体系：〔phenomenalism〕The doctrine, set forth by David Hume and his successors, that percepts and concepts actually present in the mind constitute the sole object of knowledge, with the objects of perception themselves, their origin outside the mind, or the nature of the mind itself remaining forever beyond inquiry.现象主义：由大卫·休谟和他的继承者提出的学说，认为实际存在于人们意识中的感知和概念，连同被感知事物本身，它们在意识外的起源，或是意识本身的不可知性一同构成了人们对某一对象的认识〔hereditarianism〕The doctrine or school that regards heredity as the primary factor in determining intelligence and behavior independent of environmental influences.遗传论：认为遗传而非环境影响是决定智力与行为的首要因素的学说或学派〔spiritism〕The belief that the dead communicate with the living; spiritualism.招魂说：认为死者能与生者交流信息的学说；招魂说〔Jansen〕Dutch theologian whose teachings were deemed heretical by Pope Urban VIII (1642) and influenced Jean Racine and Blaise Pascal.詹森，康奈利斯：(1585-1638) 荷兰天主教神学家，他的学说在1642年被教皇圣乌尔班八世定为异端学说，对让·拉辛和布莱斯·帕斯卡有一定影响〔Democritus〕Greek philosopher who developed an atomist theory of the universe and espoused the doctrine that pleasure, along with self-control, is the goal of human life.德谟克利特：希腊哲学家，他发展了宇宙原子论，并拥护以自制和安乐为人生目标的学说〔Sikhism〕The doctrines and practices of a monotheistic religion founded in northern India in the 16th century and combining elements of Hinduism and Islam.锡克教：一种16世纪在印度北部创立的一神教的学说和实践，该宗教结合印度教和伊斯兰教的基本原则〔sacerdotalism〕The belief that priests act as mediators between God and human beings.司铎天赋神权说：认为司铎是上帝和人类的调停者的学说 |
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