| 单词 | 的评论 |
| 释义 | 〔deliver〕Before leaving I delivered myself of a few choice comments.离开之前，我发表了一些精心准备的评论〔incisive〕an incisive mind; incisive comments.锐利的头脑；尖锐的评论〔home〕Your comments really hit home.你的评论确实恰中要害〔strawberry〕Izaak Walton's 1655 comment,"We may say of Angling as Dr. Boteler said of Strawberries; Doubtless God could have made a better berry, but doubtless God never did,”is perhaps the nicest use of the wordstrawberry in its history. This history goes back much further in English to the Old English period when the word is first recorded.We know thatstrawberry was formed during that period from the Old English ancestors of our words straw and berry. What is not known is why the wordstraw is the first part of this compound. One possibility is that the small, one-seeded fruits on the surface of a strawberry resemble fragments of straw.尹扎卡·沃尔顿在1655年的评论道，“我们可以谈论钓鱼就如同包特勒医生谈论草莓；无疑地，上帝可以创造一种更好的浆果，但毫无疑问他从来没有做”，这一评论可能是strawberry 这个词在其历史上最好的用法。 在英语中，这个词的最早记录历史可更远地追溯到古英语时期。我们知道，strawberry 这个词在那时来自于我们的词语 straw 和 berry 的古英语祖先。 为什么这个复合词的前半部分为straw 无从得知。 一种可能是草莓表面小的单个种子状的果实象稻草的碎片〔put〕To make a tactless remark.做不得体的评论〔Gemara〕The second part of the Talmud, consisting primarily of commentary on the Mishnah.犹太教法典诠释篇：犹太教法典的第二部分，主要包括对犹太教训的评论〔criticism〕A critical comment or judgment.批判：批判性的评论或判断〔heat〕Heat from the press forced the senator to resign.来自新闻界恶毒的评论迫使这位参议员下台〔rubric〕A short commentary or explanation covering a broad subject.注释，说明：涉及很广泛题目的较短的评论或解释〔ugly〕an ugly remark.令人讨厌的评论〔trenchant〕a trenchant comment.一针见血的评论〔chorus〕The group in a classical Greek drama whose songs and dances present an exposition of or, in later tradition, a disengaged commentary on the action.歌舞队：在经典希腊戏剧中，一组演员用歌舞来展示在后期的传统中同演出脱离的评论〔goatee〕When assessing American contributions to the English language and to fashion,let us not forget thegoatee. Early comments on this style of beard appear first in American writings,making this word an Americanism.Although the style raises few eyebrows now,the early comments were not favorable:"One chap's . . . rigged out like a show monkey, with a little tag of hair hangin down under his chin jest like our old billy goat, that's a leetle too smart for this latitude, I think.”This 1842 description, found in William Tappan Thompson'sMajor Jones's Courtship, also reveals the etymology of the word.The first actual recorded occurrence of the word, found in Daniel Lee and Joseph H. Frost'sTen Years in Oregon, published in 1844,also sounds disapproving:"A few individuals . . . leave what is called, by some of their politer neighbors, a ‘goaty’ under the chin.”当评价美国人对英语和其习惯的影响时，让我们不要忘记goatee 这个词。 关于这种样式胡子的早期评论出现于美国作品，这使这个词具有美国特色。尽管这个样式现在很少有人异议，但早期的评论却是反对的：“一个小伙子…打扮得象一只表演的猴子，留着一簇蓬乱的胡子，象一只大公羊，我认为这有点太滑稽了”。这是1842年威廉·塔潘·汤普森在《乔恩上校的求婚》 中的描写， 它也表明了这个词的词源。关于这个词最初的真实记录见于丹尼尔·李和约瑟夫·H·福斯特的《在俄勒冈的十年》 ， 出版于1844年，它也持反对态度：“一些人…留着一撮被他们礼貌的邻人称作‘山羊胡子’般的胡须”〔deadly〕gave the film a deadly review.对这部影片给予毁灭性的评论〔paradox〕A seemingly contradictory statement that may nonetheless be true:似是而非的评论：看起来自相矛盾但可能正确的说法：〔apartheid〕Although South Africa has not furnished a great number of words that have achieved general currency in British and American English,one in particular,apartheid, has gained wide circulation. The first recorded use ofapartheid as an English term, in the Cape Times on October 24, 1947, is an ironic commentary on much of the word's use since then: "Mr. Hofmeyr said apartheid could not be reconciled with a policy of progress and prosperity for South Africa.” According to the March 15, 1961, issue of theLondon Times, the wordself-development was supposed to replace apartheid as the official term used by the South African Broadcasting Corporation for "the Government's race policies. ” And inMove Your Shadow, published in 1985, Joseph Lelyveld says that the "word is [now] shunned, even resented by the [National Party's] high priests as if it were an epithet fashioned by the country's enemies.” Butapartheid as a word and as a reality has been slow to disappear. The history ofapartheid, however, offers a possible model for change in this policy, for the word is an example of a mixture and combination of resources, in this case linguistic.Apartheid is an English word that came into South African English from Afrikaans, the language of the Dutch settlers of South Africa. They in turn had made up the word from the Dutch wordapart, "separate,” and the suffix -heid, which corresponds to our suffix -hood. Thusapartheid literally means "separateness.” The Dutch had earlier borrowed the wordapart, as did we, from the French phrase à part, meaning "to one side.” 尽管南非并没有向英国和美国英语里加入很多得以普遍使用的词汇，但尚有一例外，apartheid 这个词就得到了普遍应用。 apartheid 一词作为英语词汇的使用最早记录于1947年10月24日的 开普时报 上，从那时起对该词的使用就作了反讽式的评论： “霍夫梅伊先生说种族隔离制不能与南非进步及繁荣的政策相容。”根据1961年3月15日的一期伦敦时报 ， 南非广播公司试图以self-development 作为官方用语来代替 apartheid 表示“政府的种族政策”。 在1985年出版的移动你的影子 中，约瑟夫·莱莉瓦德说“这个词为高级牧师们所回避甚至痛恨， 似乎它是这个国家的敌人创造出来的修饰语。”但apartheid 作为词汇和作为现实存在消失得很慢。 然而apartheid 的历史为这种政策的变化提供了一个可能的模式， 因为这个词是语言学方面各种来源混合及联合的一个例子。Apartheid 是从南非的荷兰殖民者的语言进入南非英语的一个英语词汇。 依次由荷兰词apart “分隔”，和后缀 -heid （其与后缀 -hood 相对应）构成。 这样，apartheid 可逐字译为“分隔，隔离。” 荷兰人较早地借用了apart 一词，就如我们从法语里借用了意为“到一边”的 a part 一样 〔quip〕A clever, often sarcastic remark; a gibe.See Synonyms at joke 讽刺语：机智，经常含有讽刺意味的评论；嘲讽 参见 joke〔Rogers〕American humorist noted for his wry, homespun commentary on American society and politics.罗杰斯，威廉·佩恩：(1879-1935) 美国幽默作家，以其对美国社会和政治幽默而尖刻的评论而著称〔plant〕A remark or an action in a play or narrative that becomes important later.伏笔：后来变得重要的戏剧或记叙文中的评论或情节〔White〕American political journalist noted for his commentaries on presidential elections, includingThe Making of the President 1960 (1961). 怀特，提（奥多尔）·哈（罗德）：(1915-1986) 美国政治新闻记者，以其关于总统竞选所作的评论而其评论包括《总统的产生-1960》 （1961年） 〔comment〕an offensive personal remark. 唐突的人的评论 〔editorial〕A commentary on television or radio expressing the opinion of the station or network.电台评论：电台或电视台上播出的表述电台或电视网意见的评论〔include〕included a reference to the accompanist in the review of the concert;在对这台音乐会的评论中提到了伴奏；〔forgetful〕Fortunately for the author, he was soon oblivious of the vitriolic criticism. Sometimes the term implies lack of awareness: 幸运的是，就作者而言，他很快就忘了这些辛辣的评论。 有时这个词含有缺少意识的含义： 〔animadversion〕"Witness[the] animadversions on the bleeding hearts who worried about the hostages" (Benjamin DeMott)“看看 关于为人质担忧的同情者们的评论吧” (本杰明·德莫特)〔record〕The senator told the reporters that his remarks were strictly off the record.那位参议员告诫记者们，他的评论决不可以被引用〔extemporaneous〕a few unrehearsed comments.未经练习的评论。〔attack〕An expression of strong criticism; hostile comment:攻击，抨击：严厉谴责的表达；恶意的评论：〔awkward〕a maladroit comment.不得体的评论。〔Mailer〕American writer. Acclaimed for his World War II novelThe Naked and the Dead (1948), he established New Journalism with his accounts of political events in the 1960's. Mailer's other works include The Deer Park (1955) and The Executioner's Song (1979). 梅勒，诺曼：(生于 1923) 美国作家，以他关于第三次世界大战的小说《裸者和死者》 （1948年）而获得好评。他凭60年代对政治事件的评论设立了新型态的新闻学。梅勒其他的作品包括 《鹿园》 （1955年）和 《刽子手之歌》 （1979年） 〔noticeable〕 Remarkable describes what elicits comment because it is unusual or extraordinary: Remarkable 表示那些因不平常和杰出而引出的评论： 〔expand〕expanded his remarks afterward.在后面详细阐述他的评论〔positive〕a positive answer; positive criticism.肯定的回答；肯定的评论〔extemporaneous〕an offhand remark. What isunrehearsed is said or done without rehearsal or practice though not necessarily without forethought: 随意的评论。 所谓unrehearsed ，就是未经复述或练习就说或做的， 虽然没有不构思的必要： 〔posthumous〕The wordposthumous is associated with death, both in meaning and in form. Our word goes back to the Latin wordpostumus, meaning "last born, born after the death of one's father, born after the making of a will,” and "last, final.”Postumus was largely used with respect to events occurring after death but not exclusively so,since the word was simply one of the superlative forms of the adverbpost, "subsequently, afterward.” Because of its use in connection with death,however, later Latin writers decided that the last part of the word must have to do withhumus, "earth,” or humāre, "to bury,” and began spelling the wordposthumus. This form of the Latin word was borrowed into English,being first recorded in a work composed before 1464.Perhaps the most telling use of the word appears in the poet Robert Southey's comment on the rewards of an author:"It was well we should be contented with posthumous fame, but impossible to be so with posthumous bread and cheese.”Posthumous 这个词在意义和形式上都与死亡有关。 英语中这个词可追溯到拉丁语postumus ， 意为“最后生的，父亲死后生的，立遗嘱之后出生的”和“最后的，最终的。”Postumus 绝大多数情况下用来指死后所发生的事情， 但也并非仅此一种用法，因为这个词只是意为“随后地，后来地”副词post 的最高级形式之一。 由于其用法与死亡有关，因此后来的拉丁语作者们决定该词的后半部分应与humus “土地”或 humare “埋葬”有关， 并开始将这个词拼写成posthumus。 这个拉丁词的拼写形式后来被借用到英语中，在英语中首次记录于1464年前所著的一部作品中。也许这个词最显著的使用出现在诗人罗伯特·骚塞对一个作者所得奖励的评论中：“我们满足于死后得到的声名，而不可能满足于死后所得到面包与奶酪，这样很好”〔Pound〕American writer who exerted great influence on the development of modern literature through his poetic works, such as the unfinishedCantos (1925-1960), his critical works, including ABC of Reading (1934), his voluminous contributions to literary magazines, and his tutelage of writers such as T.S. Eliot, James Joyce, and Ernest Hemingway. 庞德，以斯拉·卢米斯：(1885-1972) 美国作家，他的诗作对现代文学的发展都产生了深远影响，如未完稿的《诗篇》 （1925-1960年）、他的评论作品包括 《阅读ABC》 （1934年）、他向文学杂志大量投稿并且对T·S·艾略特，詹姆斯·乔依斯和海明威等作家产生影响 〔comment〕A statement of fact or opinion, especially a remark that expresses a personal reaction or attitude.评论，评语：事实或意见的阐述，特别是表达一个人的反应或态度的评论〔hit〕An apt or effective remark.俏皮话，令人信服的评论〔encompass〕a survey that encompassed a wide range of participants.一份包括了广泛参与人的评论〔make〕A favorable review from him can make a play.他赞赏的评论能使这场戏成功 |
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