| 单词 | 监禁 |
| 释义 | 〔jail〕A place for the confinement of persons in lawful detention; a prison.监狱：依法律上的置留而监禁人的地方；监狱〔poundage〕Confinement of animals in a pound.监禁：把动物关进栏中〔coop〕To confine in or as if in a coop.See Synonyms at enclose 监禁：将…关在或象关在笼子或栏舍中 参见 enclose〔durance〕"There should be a durance vile for justices who use an argument as weak as the one the majority used"(George F. Will)“如果法官的辩论象大多数人那样软弱无力，他就该受监禁的惩罚”(乔治F.威尔)〔prison〕A state of imprisonment or captivity.监禁，下狱：被关押或囚禁的状态〔prison〕To confine in a prison; imprison.监禁：关在监狱中；使下狱〔prison〕A place where persons convicted or accused of crimes are confined; a penitentiary or a jail.监狱，拘留所：监禁被指控或认定有罪的人的地方；拘留所或监狱〔let〕To release from or as if from confinement:释放，放出：从监禁中或好象从监禁中放出：〔convict〕A person serving a sentence of imprisonment.囚犯：监禁服刑中的囚犯〔pretrial〕pretrial imprisonment; pretrial hearings.审前监禁；审判前听证会〔rescue〕To set free, as from danger or imprisonment; save.See Synonyms at save 1营救：使自由，如从危险或监禁中救出；搭救 参见 save1〔prison〕The wordprison has its origins not in the notions of what such a place is but rather in the notion of how one gets there. Prison can be traced back to the Latin word prēnsiō, "the action or power of making an arrest.” This in turn is derived from the verbprehendere or prendere, which meant "to take hold of, take into custody, arrest.”Prēnsiō then dives into the obscurity of the time when Romance languages such as French were being formed from Vulgar Latin and resurfaces in the Old French of the 12th century with the formprison and the senses "capture" and "place of imprisonment.”This new sense could have already been developed in Latinand not been recorded,but we have to wait until the 12th century to see it,the sense "captivity" being added in the same century.From Old French as well as the Medieval Latin wordpriso, "prison,” derived from Old French, came our Middle English word prisoun, first recorded in a work written before 1121in the sense "imprisonment.”The sense "place of imprisonment" is recorded shortly afterward in a text copied down before 1225but perhaps actually written in the Old English period before the Norman Conquest.Prison 这个单词的来源不在于它是一个什么样的地方而在于一个人是怎么进去的。 Prison 可追溯到意思是“进行逮捕的行动或力量”的拉丁词 prensio。 这个词也是从动词prehendere 或 prendere 派生出来的， 意思是“捉住，逮捕，拘留。”Prensio 这个词在罗马语系中的语言（如法语）逐渐从通俗拉丁语形成时被人们忘却了， 12世纪又以prison 的形式在古法语中重新露面， 其含义是“捉住”和“囚禁人的地方。”这个新的含义很可能在拉丁语中已得到了发展，只是没有被记录下来，但是我们直到12世纪才看到它，在同一世纪“囚禁，俘虏”的意思被加了进去。从古法语、同时也是从源于古法语的中世纪拉丁语词priso “监狱，监禁”中产生了中古英语单词 prison， 这个词最早的记录是在一部著于1121年的作品中，意思是“监禁，拘留。”“监禁或囚禁的地方”这层意思在稍后出现的、在1225年以前被抄录下来的一篇文章中出现，但可能实际写作的时间是在诺曼征服之前的古英语时期〔Babylon〕A place of captivity or exile.监禁地或流放地〔punish〕These verbs mean to subject a person to a penalty, such as loss, pain, or confinement, for an offense, a sin, or a fault.这些动词的意思是使某人因为冒犯、罪过或过错而受到如损失、痛苦或监禁等惩罚。〔prison〕A place or condition of confinement or forcible restraint.监禁室，拘留：监禁或扣留某人的地方或状况〔apprehend〕To take into custody; arrest:逮捕：置于监禁中；逮捕：〔Hamer〕American civil rights activist. In 1962 she was violently attacked and imprisoned for challenging Mississippi's discriminatory voting laws.哈默，范妮·卢：美国民权运动领袖。1962年她因质疑密西西比州不公正的选举法案被猛烈抨击并监禁〔pound〕A place of confinement for lawbreakers.监禁所，禁闭所：监禁违法者的地方〔Danae〕The daughter of Eurydice and Acrisius and mother of Perseus who was imprisoned by her father in a bronze chamber.达那厄：欧律狄刻和阿克瑞斯的女儿，珀耳修斯的母亲，被其父亲监禁在一青铜密室中〔captive〕One, such as a prisoner of war, that is forcibly confined, subjugated, or enslaved.俘虏：被武力监禁、制服或奴役的囚徒，如战俘〔escape〕 Escape can mean to get free, as from confinement, or to remain untouched or unaffected by something unwanted: Escape 可以指得到自由、像逃离监禁或者指保持不被不想要的东西接触或影响： 〔Trumbo〕American screenwriter who was blacklisted and imprisoned for his refusal to participate in the anti-Communist investigations of the House Un-American Activities Committee. His screenplays includeSpartacus (1960) and The Fixer (1968). 特朗博，多尔顿：(1905-1976) 美国电影剧本作家，因其拒绝参与众议院非美活动调查委员会的反共调查而被列入黑名单并监禁。他的电影剧本包括《斯巴达克斯》 （1960年）和 《调查者》 （1968年） 〔Siberia〕A remote, undesirable locale:流放地，监禁地：一个遥远、惹人厌的地点：〔jail〕To detain in custody; imprison.监禁：关押；禁锢〔pinfold〕To confine in or as if in a pinfold.把…关入畜栏，监禁：关到或好象是关在畜栏中〔limbo〕Our use of the wordlimbo to refer to states of oblivion, confinement, or transition is derived from the theological sense ofLimbo as a place where souls remain that cannot enter heaven, for example, unbaptized infants.Limbo in Roman Catholic theology is located on the border of Hell, which explains the name chosen for it.The Latin wordlimbus, having meanings such as "an ornamental border to a fringe" and "a band or girdle,” was chosen by Christian theologians of the Middle Ages to denote this border region.English borrowed the wordlimbus directly, but the formlimbo that caught on in English, first recorded in a work composed around 1378,is from the ablative form oflimbus, the form that would be used in expressions such asin limbō, "in Limbo.” 我们用limbo 这个词指被忘却、监禁或过渡的状态， 此用法源于Limbo 的神学含义， 指那些不能升入天堂的灵魂（如未受洗的儿童）所在地。Limbo 在罗马天主教的教义中指位于地狱的边境， 这也是为什么选这个词指地狱的边境的原因。拉丁词limbus 有诸如“流苏或穗状的装饰性花边“和”嵌条或腰带”的意思， 中世纪的基督教神学家选用这个词来指这种边界地区。英语直接借用了limbus 这个词， 但出现于英语中的limbo 这种形式， 首次记载于1378年左右完成的作品中，它源自limbus 的夺格形式， 这种用法是在短语in limbo 中出现的，意思是“在地狱的边界地区” 〔commitment〕A court order authorizing consignment to a prison.监禁：法院命令，授权托付给监狱〔penal〕penal servitude; a penal colony.服苦役；监禁地〔durance〕Confinement or restraint by force; imprisonment:以强制手段限制；监禁：〔shall〕You shall leave now. He shall answer for his misdeeds. The penalty shall not exceed two years in prison.你现在该离开了。他应当为他的错误行为负责。惩罚不应超过两年监禁〔discharge〕To release, as from confinement, care, or duty:释放；使退伍：释放、摆脱，如从监禁、护理或责任：〔Freneau〕American poet noted for his satirical attacks on the British and forThe British Prison-Ship (1781), an account of his wartime capture and imprisonment. 弗瑞诺，菲利普·莫里恩：(1752-1832) 美国诗人，以其对英国讽刺性抨击，以及作品《英国囚船》 （1781年）而著名，此书主要描述他战时被俘和监禁的情况 〔Pines〕An island in the Caribbean Sea off southwest Cuba. Discovered by Columbus in 1494, it was later a penal colony and a rendezvous for pirates. It was claimed by both the United States and Cuba until a 1925 treaty confirmed Cuba's sovereignty.皮内斯岛：古巴西南部的加勒比海的一个岛屿。由哥伦布在1494年发现，后来成为监禁地和海盗聚集地。古巴和美国都曾对其要求领土权，后来通过1925年的协约才确定为古巴的领土〔limbo〕A state or place of confinement.监狱：监禁的状态或地方〔impound〕To seize and retain in legal custody:扣押; 监禁：扣押并扣留在法律监护之下：〔infamous〕Punishable by severe measures, such as death, long imprisonment, or loss of civil rights.被褫夺公民权的：被严厉的手段，如死刑、长期监禁或剥夺公民权所惩罚的〔immure〕To confine within or as if within walls; imprison.监禁：困在房间内或好象困在房间内；监禁 |
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