| 单词 | 真正 |
| 释义 | 〔genuine〕Actually possessing the alleged or apparent attribute or character:真的：真正地具有所谓的或显然的性质或特征的：〔straight〕a martini straight up.真正的不带冰的马丁尼酒〔smattering〕"a smattering of everything, and a knowledge of nothing"(Charles Dickens)“对所有的事都略知一二，而真正的知识却一点也没有”(查尔斯·狄更斯)〔real〕Spanish [royal, real] 西班牙语 [皇家的，真正的] 〔soothfast〕True; real.真正的；确实的〔kosher〕Genuine; authentic.真正的；可信的〔veritable〕"Her tea . . . was set forth with as much grace as if she had been a veritable guest to her own self"(Mary Wilkins Freeman)“她的茶…被优雅地放置着，就象她是她自己真正的客人一样”(玛丽·威尔金斯·弗里曼)〔deconstruction〕"In deconstruction, the critic claims there is no meaning to be found in the actual text, but only in the various, often mutually irreconcilable, ‘virtual texts’ constructed by readers in their search for meaning"(Rebecca Goldstein)“在结构中，评论家宣称在真正的文本中不可能找到含义，只能通过各种各样方式并通常是双方不可互相调和的，读者为了寻找含义而构建起来的‘虚拟文本’上才能找到”(丽贝卡·戈尔茨坦)〔millepore〕Any of various reef-building hydrocorals of the order Milleporina of tropical marine waters, forming white or yellowish calcareous structures and resembling the true corals of the class Anthozoa.多孔螅，千孔虫：多孔螅目的一种石状水螅建立的珊瑚礁，产于热带海域，形成白色或黄色的石灰质结构，与珊瑚虫纲的真正珊瑚礁相似〔valentine〕Geoffrey Chaucer should perhaps receive honor as the real Saint Valentine.Although reference books abound with mention of Roman festivals from which Valentine's Day—the day for lovers—may be derived,Jack B. Oruch has shown that no evidence exists to support these connections and that Chaucer is most likely the first to link the saint's day with the custom of choosing sweethearts.No link between the day and lovers exists before the time of Chaucer and several literary contemporaries who also mention it,but after them the link becomes widespread,a circumstance that makes it seem likely that Chaucer, the most imaginative of the group, invented the tradition.The fullest and perhaps earliest description of the tradition occurs in Chaucer'sParlement of Foules, composed around 1380, which takes place "on Seynt Valentynes day,/Whan every foul cometh there to chese [choose] his make [mate].”杰弗里·乔叟可能应该接受作为真正的圣马伦丁的荣誉。尽管参考书中充满圣瓦伦丁节日──情人的节日──可能来源于罗马节日的提法，杰克·B.奥鲁奇已经表示没有证据存在去支持这些联系，并且认为乔叟是最有可能第一个把圣瓦伦丁节和选择情人的习俗联系在一起的。乔叟和他同时代的一些创作者曾有过这个提法，但在这之前，并没有人把某日和情人的联系存在，但是在他们之后这种联系开始广泛流传起来，这种情况使得这群人中最有想象力的乔叟创造了这个节日。关于这种传统的最完整可能也是最早的描述出现在乔叟的 Parlement of Foules（火鸡议会） 中， 作于1380年左右，发生在“圣瓦伦丁节/当每个火鸡都来到这里选择它的配偶”〔confidence〕"You gain strength, courage and confidence by every experience in which you really stop to look fear in the face" (Eleanor Roosevelt). “每当你经历一次真正的危险，你的力量、勇气和信心就会增加一次” （爱琳娜·罗斯怀特）。〔suggest〕The columnist insinuated—but never actually asserted—that the candidate had underworld ties. 这个专栏作家暗示——但他从未真正地公开宣布——这个候选人与黑社会有瓜葛 〔mill〕Industrial mill towns are a far cry from the small water mill grinding grain near an Anglo-Saxon settlement,but the same wordmill is used in both contexts, showing how the meaning of a word can be generalized.The Old English wordmylen, "water mill for grinding grain,” is itself adopted from Late Latinmolīna or molīnum, "mill,” just as the Germanic peoples, such as the Anglo-Saxons, adopted the water mill from the Romans.In Middle Englishmilne, the descendant of the Old English word, was generalized to refer to a windmill, any power-driven mill for grinding grain, and a fulling mill.But it was left for the postmedieval,increasingly industrialized world really to generalize the meaning ofmill, applying it to machines such as pepper mills and cider millsand buildings such as textile mills and steel mills.Mill town is first recorded in 1847. 工业化的制造区与原来盎格鲁-撒克逊人居住地附近那种靠水力推动来磨谷物的小型磨臼大不相同，但mill 这个词对这两种情况都适用， 这可以体现出某一词汇的意思是可以有概括性的。古英语中mylen 一词有“磨谷物的水磨”的意思， 这个词由后期拉丁语中的molina 或 molinum 而来，意为“磨臼”， 正如日尔曼民族中的盎格鲁-撒克逊人从罗马人那里引进了水磨。中古英语中milne 一词由古英语词而来， 它的词义已扩大，可指风车、任何靠动力驱动来磨谷物的磨以及缩洗机。不过在中世纪晚期，不断发展的工业化世界真正使mill 这个词在意义上有所扩大， 它可以指胡椒研磨机或苹果榨汁机等机器，也可以指纺织厂或钢铁厂等工厂。Mill town 这个词最早见载于1847年 〔proper〕wanted a proper dinner, not just a snack.需要一顿真正的晚餐，而不仅仅是点心而已〔dinkum〕Genuine; real.真的：真正的；真的〔lie〕didn't equivocate about her real purpose in coming;关于她来访的真正目的不编造假词；〔hemipteran〕A hemipterous insect; a true bug.半翅目昆虫；真正的半翅目昆虫〔religious〕"To know that what is impenetrable to us really exists . . . is at the center of true religiousness.In this sense, and in this sense only, I belong to the ranks of the devoutly religious men" (Albert Einstein).“认识到我们所不能理解的事物确实存在…是真正宗教性的中心。在这个意义上，也只有在这个意义上来说，我属于虔诚地信教徒的行列” （阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦）。〔real〕a real friend.一个真正的朋友〔authentic〕Having a claimed and verifiable origin or authorship; not counterfeit or copied:真正的：有着经证实的来源或创作者的；非伪造的或非复制的：〔real〕Portuguese [royal, real] 葡萄牙语 [皇家的；真正的] 〔live〕those who truly live.那些真正享受人生的人〔detective〕The first detective may have come into existence before the word itself.C. Auguste Dupin, Edgar Allan Poe's hero in "The Murders in the Rue Morgue,” which is considered the world's first real detective story,was introduced to the world in 1841.Nine years later we find the first recorded instance of the worddetective, although the phrases detective police and detective policeman, from which it was shortened, are recorded first in 1843. Hence, Dupin precedes all recorded instances ofdetective, just as he precedes all other detectives.第一个侦探在“侦探“这个词出现以前就出现了。C·奥古斯·杜平，埃德加·爱波·伦的小说《莫格街谋杀案》（这本书被认为是世界上第一本真正的侦探小说）中的主人公，在1841年被介绍给全世界。虽然词条detective police 和 detective policeman (detective就是这两者的缩写）首次被记载是在1843年，但九年后，我们才找到对 detective 这个词的第一次记载。 迄今为止，杜平最早记载detective ， 正如他就是最早的侦探一样〔blemish〕"A true critic ought to dwell rather upon excellencies than imperfections" (Joseph Addison). “一个真正的评论家应论述优点多于不足之处” （约瑟夫·爱迪森）。 〔antelope〕An animal, such as the pronghorn, that resembles a true antelope.叉角羚：一种类似真正羚羊的动物，如叉角羚〔serious〕"They cost us serious money . . . but delivered a unique feature"(Frederick C. Mish)"Serious power requires presence in a political House"(William Safire)"Every serious kitchen needs at least one peppermill"(Washington Post)“他们花了我们一大笔钱…但是表达出独特的特色”(弗雷德里克C.米什)“出席议会才算有真正的权力”(威廉·萨菲尔)“每一个行家的厨房需要至少一个手碾胡椒磨”(华盛顿邮报)〔baleful〕a baleful look.Baneful is said most often of that which is actually harmful or destructive: 邪恶的一瞥。Baneful 一词常指真正有害的或危害的： 〔tomato〕It has been said that the real contributions to world civilization were made by the unknown inhabitants of the Americas who domesticated plants such as the potato and squash and not by the great pre-Columbian civilizations, including that of the Aztecs.The tomato was another contribution,its name coming ultimately from the Nahuatl language spoken by the Aztecs as well as by other groups in Mexico and Central America.The Spanish, who conquered the area, brought back the tomato to Spain and,borrowing the Nahuatl wordtomatl for it, named ittomate, a form shared in French, Portuguese, and early Modern English.Tomate, first recorded in 1604, gave way totomato, a form created in English either because it was assumed to be Spanish or under the influence of the wordpotato. In any case,as is well known,people resisted eating this New World food at first because its membership in the Nightshade family made it suspect,but it is now eaten throughout the worldwhile Aztec civilization is memorialized by ruins.据说对世界文明真正作出贡献的并非是包括阿兹特克文明在内的哥伦布到达前的美洲文明，而是那些家庭种植土豆、南瓜等的不知名的美洲居民。西红柿是其中的另一贡献，它的名字最终的来源是阿兹特克人和其他墨西哥和中美洲居民使用的纳瓦特尔语。征服了该地区的西班牙人把西红柿带回了西班牙，并且借用了纳瓦特尔语的单词tomatl ， 把它称作tomate ， 这个形式为法语、葡萄牙语和早期现代英语所通用。Tomate ，最早记录于1604年， 后来被英语中诞生的一个形式tomato 所取代。 取代的原因可能是因为形式上更象西班牙语或是因为受单词potato 的影响。 不管怎么样，就像我们知道的，由于它属于茄科使它受到怀疑，人们起初拒绝吃它，不过现在全世界的人们都在吃西红柿，而阿兹特克文明都只存在于废墟之中了〔real〕Truly so in fact or actuality:真正地，确实地：事实或现实确实如此地：〔militate〕"All these factors militated to a different targeting priority"(Tom Clancy)"The chaste banality of his prose . . . militates against the stories' becoming literature"(Anthony Burgess)“所有这些因素导致了一个不同的重点”(汤姆·克兰西)“他行文中那种平铺直叙，故作高雅的陈词滥调…妨碍了这些小说成为真正的文学作品”(安东尼·伯吉斯)〔cephalochordate〕Any of various primitive chordate animals of the subphylum Cephalochordata, such as the lancet, that lack a true vertebral column.头索动物：头索动物亚门的一种原始脊索动物，如帆蜥鱼，无真正的脊柱〔sign〕"Sweet mercy is nobility's true badge" (Shakespeare).“大度的宽容是高贵品质的真正象征” （莎士比亚）。〔argillite〕A metamorphic rock, intermediate between shale and slate, that does not possess true slaty cleavage.厚层泥岩：一种变质岩，在页岩与板岩之间，不具备真正的板块解理〔authentic〕an authentic painting by Corot;一幅真正的科伦特的画；〔Mohammed〕Arab prophet of Islam. At the age of 40 he began to preach as God's prophet of the true religion. Mohammed established a theocratic state at Medina after 622 and began to convert Arabia to Islam.穆罕默德：伊斯兰教的阿拉伯先知，四十岁时开始作为真正的宗教的上帝的先知传教。穆罕默德在公元622年以后在麦地那建立了一个政教合一国家并使阿拉伯半岛皈依伊斯兰教〔real〕My mother showed real sympathy for my predicament.妈妈对我所处的困难表示出真正的同情。〔cyclostome〕Any of various primitive eellike vertebrates of the class Agnatha, such as a lamprey, lacking jaws and true teeth and having a circular, sucking mouth.圆口纲脊椎动物：一种类似鳗鱼的无颚纲原始脊椎动物，如盲鳗，没有下颚和真正的牙齿，而长着圆形吮吸的嘴〔elegance〕tact and urbanity, the marks of a true diplomat. inelegance 机智老练、温文尔雅，一个真正的外交家的特点 inelegance〔faith〕Indeed; truly.真正地；真实地〔thorax〕The second or middle region of the body of an arthropod, between the head and the abdomen, in insects bearing the true legs and wings.胸节：生有真正的腿和翅膀的一些昆虫类节肢动物躯体的第二段或中段，位于头部和腹部之间 |
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