| 单词 | 真菌 |
| 释义 | 〔truffle〕Any of various fleshy, ascomycetous, edible fungi, chiefly of the genusTuber, that grow underground on or near the roots of trees and are valued as a delicacy. 块菌：一种肉质可食的子囊真菌，主要是指生长在地下或树根附近并被视作美味的块茎 属 〔fungus〕Any of numerous eukaryotic organisms of the kingdom Fungi, which lack chlorophyll and vascular tissue and range in form from a single cell to a body mass of branched filamentous hyphae that often produce specialized fruiting bodies. The kingdom includes the yeasts, molds, smuts, and mushrooms.真菌：一种缺乏叶绿素和血管组织的真菌界真核生物，存在形式从一个单细胞到整个枝状菌丝体不等，经常可产生专化子实体。这一界生物包括酵母、霉菌、担子菌和蘑菇〔agaric〕Middle English agarik [a kind of fungus] 中古英语 agarik [一种真菌] 〔sterigma〕A slender projection of the basidium of some fungi that bears a basidiospore.担子柄：生有担孢子的某些真菌的担子的细长突出〔streptothricin〕Any of a group of antibiotics produced by an actinomycete(Streptomyces lavendulae) and active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and some fungi. 链丝菌素：由（淡紫灰链霉菌） 的放线菌产生的一组抗生素，对革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌及一些真菌有抗性 〔basidiomycete〕Any of various members of a large group of fungi bearing sexually produced spores on a basidium. The group includes puffballs, shelf fungi, rusts, smuts, and mushrooms.担子菌：任何一大群真菌的各种成员，在一担子上带有有性繁殖的孢子。这个群包括马勃菌、架状菌、锈菌、黑穗病菌和伞菌〔actinomycete〕Any of various filamentous or rod-shaped, often pathogenic microorganisms of the order Actinomycetales that are found in soil and resemble bacteria and fungi.放线菌：属于放线菌目的丝状或杆状的，通常是发现于土壤中，与细菌和真菌相似的致病微生物〔agaric〕The dried fruiting body of certain fungal species in the genusFomes, formerly used in medicine, especially to inhibit the production of sweat. 层孔菌：某些属于层孔菌属 的真菌属类的干的子实体，以前用作药物，特别用于防止出汗 〔foxfire〕A phosphorescent glow, especially that produced by certain fungi found on rotting wood.磷火：一种磷光性的火，尤指腐烂林木上某些真菌产生的磷光〔subtilin〕An antibiotic peptide obtained from the bacteriumBacillus subtilis that is active against gram-positive bacteria and various pathogenic fungi. 枯草菌素：一种从枯草芽孢杆菌 中提取的多肽抗生素，对于抵抗革兰氏阳性细菌和多种病原真菌十分有效 〔clotrimazole〕A broad-spectrum antifungal drug used topically to treat a variety of superficial fungal infections, including candidiasis and tinea.克霉唑：广谱抗真菌药物，用于局部治疗各类表皮真菌感染，包括念珠菌病和皮癣〔hypha〕Any of the threadlike filaments forming the mycelium of a fungus.菌丝：任何形成真菌丝状线〔aspergillosis〕An infection or a disease caused by fungi of the genusAspergillus. 黑麴菌病：由黑麴菌属 真菌引起的感染或疾病 〔xylophagous〕Destructive to wood, as certain crustaceans or fungi.蛀木的：对木头有破坏性作用的，如某些甲壳纲动物或真菌〔torula〕Any of a group of fungi similar to the yeasts but lacking asci, many of which ferment sugars and are commonly found in dairy products. Also called torula yeast 圆酵母：一种似酵母的真菌，无有性孢子，其中许多种类能使糖发酵，其一般用于奶制食品中 也作 torula yeast〔conjugation〕A process of sexual reproduction in certain algae and fungi in which temporary or permanent fusion occurs, resulting in the union of the male and female gametes.接合：海藻或真菌的有性繁殖过程，两个个体暂时或永久的融合形成雄性和雌性配子的结合〔spermatium〕A nonmotile cell in red algae and certain lichens and fungi that functions as a male gamete.不动精子：红藻或某些地衣及真菌中的非游动性细胞，起雄性配子的作用〔mycorrhiza〕The symbiotic association of the mycelium of a fungus with the roots of certain plants, such as conifers, beeches, or orchids.菌根：真菌的菌丝体和某些植物，如松柏类、山毛榉或者石兰的共同体〔cryptogam〕A member of a formerly recognized taxonomic group that included all seedless plants, such as mosses, algae, fungi, and ferns.隐花植物：先前已被确认的一个分类的成员，包括有所有的无籽植物，如苔藓、水藻、真菌和蕨类植物〔cryptococcosis〕A systemic infection caused by the fungusCryptococcus neoformans that can affect any organ of the body but most often occurs in the central nervous system. 隐球菌病：一种由新型隐球酵母 真菌所致的全身性传染病，能够侵袭身体的任何器官，但多数通常出现在中枢神经系统中 〔peridium〕The covering of the spore-bearing organ in many fungi.包被：很多真菌的产芽孢器官的外裹套〔ergot〕A fungus(Claviceps purpurea) that infects various cereal plants and forms compact black masses of branching filaments that replace many of the grains of the host plant. 麦角菌：一种麦角属真菌（麦角菌 麦角菌属） ，它感染谷类作物，形成一种紧密的黑色分叉细丝状物质代替作物的谷粒 〔mycology〕The composition or characteristics of a particular fungus:一种特定真菌的结构或者特性：〔pycnidium〕A flask-shaped asexual structure containing conidia, found in certain fungi.分生孢子器：含分生孢子的瓶状无性生殖的结构，发现于某种真菌中〔basidium〕A small, specialized club-shaped structure typically bearing four basidiospores at the tips of minute projections. The basidium is unique to basidiomycetes and distinguishes them from other kinds of fungi.担子：一个小的以球棒形结构为特点的，特别是在微小凸起的尖端带有四个担孢子，担子菌是担子独有的，使它与区别于其它类的真菌〔blight〕The condition or causative agent, such as a bacterium, fungus, or virus, that results in blight.如细菌、真菌或病毒等导致枯萎病的条件或起因〔monilial〕Of, relating to, or caused by a fungus of the genusMonilia (or Candida ): 念珠菌的、或由真菌属念珠菌 （或 假丝酵母 )引起的： 〔zymosis〕An infectious disease, especially one caused by a fungus.传染病，尤指由真菌引起〔trichogyne〕A hairlike terminal process forming the receptive part of the female reproductive structure in certain fungi or algae.受精丝：一种发状的末端隆起，构成某些真菌或海藻类的雌性生殖结构的受精部位〔amanita〕from Greek amanitai [a fungus] 源自 希腊语 amanitai [一种真菌] 〔blastomycete〕Any of various yeastlike, budding fungi of the genusBlastomyces that cause diseases in humans and animals. 芽生菌：一种芽生菌 属的酵母状芽真菌，能引发人畜疾病 〔saccharomyces〕Greek mukēs [fungus] 希腊语 mukēs [真菌] 〔volutin〕A granular substance that stains easily with a basic dye and is often rich in phosphorus, found in the cytoplasm of various bacterial and fungal cells.异染质，迂回体：一种易与基本染料相染常富含磷的颗粒状物质，存在于各种细菌和真菌细胞的细胞质中〔hymenium〕The spore-bearing layer of the fruiting body of certain fungi, containing asci or basidia.子实属：某些真菌的果实的带有孢子的层面，含有子囊或者孢子室〔volva〕A cuplike structure around the base of the stalk of certain fungi.菌托：某些真菌围绕茎的底部的杯状结构〔fungous〕from fungus [fungus] * see fungus 源自 fungus [真菌] * 参见 fungus〔fungal〕Of, relating to, resembling, or characteristic of a fungus.真菌的：真菌的、似真菌的或有真菌特点的〔aspergillus〕Any of various fungi of the genusAspergillus, which includes many common molds. 黑麴菌属真菌：一种黑麴菌属 真菌，包括很多常见的霉菌 〔yeast〕Any of various similar fungi.酵母：一种类似的真菌〔endophyte〕A plant, such as a fungus, growing within another plant.内生植物：在另一株植物体内生长的植物，如真菌 |
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