| 单词 | 碳氢化合物 |
| 释义 | 〔olefin〕Any of a class of unsaturated open-chain hydrocarbons such as ethylene, having the general formula CnH 2 n; an alkene with only one carbon-carbon double bond. 烯烃：任何一类不饱和的开链碳氢化合物，如乙烯，总分子式为CnH 2 n；仅有一个碳—碳双链的链烯 〔bitumen〕Any of various flammable mixtures of hydrocarbons and other substances, occurring naturally or obtained by distillation from coal or petroleum, that are a component of asphalt and tar and are used for surfacing roads and for waterproofing.沥青，柏油：一种碳氢化合物和其他物质的易燃混合物，自然产生或通过蒸馏煤或石油而获得，是沥青和焦油的混合物，用于铺路和防水〔carburet〕To combine or mix (a gas, for example) with volatile hydrocarbons, so as to increase available fuel energy.使与碳化合：使（例如，一种气体）与易挥发的碳氢化合物结合或混合，以增加燃料的可用能量〔hydrocrack〕To break down (a hydrocarbon) by the process of hydrocracking.氢化裂解：通过含氢石油分裂过程来分解（碳氢化合物）〔organochlorine〕Any of various hydrocarbon pesticides, such as DDT, that contain chlorine.有机氯：一种含氯的碳氢化合物杀虫农药，如滴滴涕杀虫剂〔hexyl〕The hydrocarbon radical, C6H 13, having valence 1. 己基：碳氢化合物基，C6H 13，原子价为1 〔cetane〕A colorless liquid, C16H 34, used as a solvent and in standardized hydrocarbons. 十六烷，鲸蜡烷：一种无色液体，C16H 34，作为一种溶剂和使碳氢化合物达到标准 〔mesitylene〕A hydrocarbon, C6H 3(CH 3) 3, occurring in petroleum and coal tar or synthesized from acetone and used as a solvent. 三甲苯：一种碳氢化合物，化学式为C6H 3(CH 3) 3，能从石油和煤焦油中提取或用丙酮合成，被用作一种溶剂 〔asphaltite〕A solid, dark-colored complex of hydrocarbons found in natural veins and deposits.沥青岩：天然矿脉和矿藏中的黑色固体碳氢化合物〔dieldrin〕A chlorinated hydrocarbon, C12H 8Cl 6O, used as an insecticide and in mothproofing. 狄氏剂：一种氯化碳氢化合物，C12H 8Cl 6O，可用作杀虫剂和防蛀 〔squalene〕A colorless unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon, C30H 50, found especially in human sebum and in the liver oil of sharks, that is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of cholesterol and is used in biochemical research. 鲨烯：一种无色不饱和的脂肪族碳氢化合物，C30H 50，特别出现在人体的皮脂和鲨鱼的肝油中，它是胆固醇的生物合成的中介物，用在生物化学研究中 〔naphtha〕Any of several highly volatile, flammable liquid mixtures of hydrocarbons distilled from petroleum, coal tar, and natural gas and used as fuel, as solvents, and in making various chemicals.石脑油：一种高度挥发性的易燃液态碳氢化合物混合物，从石油、煤焦油和天然气中提炼出来，并用作石油、溶剂和制造各种化合物中〔phenanthrene〕A colorless crystalline hydrocarbon, C14H 10, obtained by fractional distillation of coal-tar oils and used in dyes, drugs, and explosives. 菲：一种无色的晶体碳氢化合物，C14H 10，通过蒸馏煤焦油而少量地获得，用于染料、药品和炸药 〔endrin〕A highly toxic chlorinated hydrocarbon, C12H 8OCl 6, used as an insecticide. 安特灵，异狄氏剂：一种剧毒的氯化碳氢化合物，C12H 8OCl 6，用于杀虫剂 〔normal〕Designating an aliphatic hydrocarbon having a straight and unbranched chain of carbon atoms.正（链）的：指定脂肪族碳氢化合物含有一直且无分枝的碳原子链〔benzopyrene〕A yellow, crystalline, aromatic hydrocarbon, C20H 12, that is a carcinogen found in coal tar and cigarette smoke. 苯芘：一种黄色、结晶、芳香的碳氢化合物，C20H 12，是一种存在于煤焦油和烟雾中的致癌物 〔amantadine〕Alteration of adamantane [a hydrocarbon] adamantane的变化 [碳氢化合物， 烃] 〔petroleum〕A thick, flammable, yellow-to-black mixture of gaseous, liquid, and solid hydrocarbons that occurs naturally beneath the earth's surface, can be separated into fractions including natural gas, gasoline, naphtha, kerosene, fuel and lubricating oils, paraffin wax, and asphalt and is used as raw material for a wide variety of derivative products.石油：一种粘稠易燃的、颜色从黄到黑的汽体、液体和固态碳氢化合物的混合物，天然存在于地表之下，可以分离成多种成份，包括天然气、汽油、挥发油、煤油、燃料和润滑油、石蜡和沥青，作为原材料广泛地用于各种各样衍生产品中〔carburize〕To carburet.使与碳氢化合物混合，以增加燃料的可用能量〔terpene〕Any of various unsaturated hydrocarbons, C10H 16, found in essential oils and oleoresins of plants such as conifers and used in organic syntheses. 萜烃：各种不饱含碳氢化合物的任意一种，C10H 16，在精油和植物含油树脂如针叶树中可找到，用于有机化合中 〔cycloalkane〕An alicyclic hydrocarbon with a saturated ring. Also called cycloparaffin 环烷：一种含饱和环的脂环碳氢化合物. 也作 cycloparaffin〔propylene〕A flammable gas, CH3CH:CH 2, derived from petroleum hydrocarbon cracking and used in organic synthesis. Also called propene 丙烯：一种易燃气体，化学式为CH3CH:CH 2，提炼于石油的碳氢化合物裂化蒸馏，用于有机合成 也作 propene〔triphenylmethane〕A colorless crystalline hydrocarbon, (C6H 5) 3CH, from which a large number of synthetic dyes are derived by substitution. 三苯甲烷：一种无色的、结晶状的碳氢化合物，(C6H 5) 3CH，通过取代由三苯甲烷中可得到许多合成染料 〔photosynthesis〕The process in green plants and certain other organisms by which carbohydrates are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water using light as an energy source. Most forms of photosynthesis release oxygen as a byproduct.光合作用：在绿色植物或其它有机物中，以光作为能量来源，用二氧化碳和水合成碳氢化合物的过程。大部分形式的光合作用都释放氧气作为副产品〔photorespiration〕Oxidation of carbohydrates in plants with the release of carbon dioxide during photosynthesis.光呼吸（作用）：在光合作用过程中，植物释放出二氧化碳，同时体内碳氢化合物氧化〔dioxin〕Any of several carcinogenic or teratogenic heterocyclic hydrocarbons that occur as impurities in petroleum-derived herbicides.戴奥辛：一种致癌或致畸杂环族碳氢化合物，在从石油提取的除锈剂中以不纯物出现〔paramylum〕A carbohydrate resembling starch that is composed of glucose and forms the reserve foodstuff of certain algae.副淀粉，类淀粉，裸藻淀粉：一种类似淀粉的碳氢化合物，由葡萄糖构成并保留了某些藻类植物的营养成分〔heptane〕A volatile, colorless, highly flammable liquid hydrocarbon, C7H 16, obtained in the fractional distillation of petroleum and used as a standard in determining octane ratings, as an anesthetic, and as a solvent. 庚烷：一种易挥发、无色、非常易燃烧的液状碳氢化合物，C7H 16，由石油的分级蒸馏而来，用作辛烷分级的标准，亦可作麻醉剂和溶剂 〔butane〕Either of two isomers of a gaseous hydrocarbon, C4H 10, produced synthetically from petroleum and used as a household fuel, refrigerant, and aerosol propellant and in the manufacture of synthetic rubber. 丁烷：两种气态碳氢化合物的同分异构体中的一种，C4H 10，从石油中合成制得，用作家庭燃料、冷却剂和喷雾推进剂，也可用作合成橡胶的制造 〔butadiene〕A colorless, highly flammable hydrocarbon, C4H 6, obtained from petroleum and used in the manufacture of synthetic rubber. 丁二烯：一种无色、高度可燃的碳氢化合物，C4H 6，从石油中制得，用作合成橡胶的制造 〔cyclization〕The formation of one or more rings in a hydrocarbon.环化，环化作用：在碳氢化合物里，一个或者几个环的形成〔methylene〕A bivalent hydrocarbon radical, CH2-, a component of unsaturated hydrocarbons. 甲叉，亚甲：一种双价碳氢基，CH2-，不饱合碳氢化合物的一个组成部分 〔silane〕Any of a group of silicon hydrides having the general formula SiH that are analogous to the paraffin hydrocarbons.硅烷：总分子式为SiH的硅氢化合物的一种，与链烷碳氢化合物相似〔alcohol〕Any of a series of hydroxyl compounds, the simplest of which are derived from saturated hydrocarbons, have the general formula CnH 2n+1OH, and include ethanol and methanol. 醇：一系列羟基化合物的任一种，其中最简单的一种可从饱合的碳氢化合物中提取，具有化学分子式CnH 2n+1OH，并且包括乙醇和甲醇 〔hydrocarbon〕Any of numerous organic compounds, such as benzene and methane, that contain only carbon and hydrogen.碳氢化合物：只含有碳和氢的多种有机化合物的一种，如苯和甲烷 |
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